scholarly journals Comparative proteomic analysis of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells indicates adaptive response to low-dose radiation in individuals from high background radiation areas of Kerala

Mutagenesis ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 359-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srambikkal Nishad ◽  
Anu Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
High Background ◽  
Comparative Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Dose Radiation

scholarly journals Modulation of apoptosis against P. falciparum by low dose radiation in human PBMCs

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 869-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sompal Singh ◽  
Ramesh C. Dhiman ◽  
Aditya P. Dash
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Pbmcs ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Therapeutic Application ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Infected Rbcs ◽  
Dose Radiation

Background: Implications of low dose radiation (LDR) have been well reported in cancer therapy but data is scanty on the therapeutic application of LDR in infectious diseases. Methodology: Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured and exposed to 0.07 Gy. P. falciparum infected RBCs were mixed with the PBMCs after five hours of irradiation. Thereafter, PBMCs were monitored for micronuclei and apoptosis. Results: The low dose pre-irradiated PBMCs which were subsequently challenged with parasite, showed a reduction in micronuclei frequency and apoptosis as compared to controls. Conclusion: LDR inhibited apoptosis against P. falciparum in human PBMCs.

scholarly journals Radiophobia: 7 Reasons Why Radiography Used in Spine and Posture Rehabilitation Should Not Be Feared or Avoided

Dose-Response ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 155932581878144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Oakley ◽  
Deed E. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Threshold Model ◽  
Radiation Risk ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Dose Radiation

Evidence-based contemporary spinal rehabilitation often requires radiography. Use of radiography (X-rays or computed tomography scans) should not be feared, avoided, or have their exposures lessened to decrease patient dose possibly jeopardizing image quality. This is because all fears of radiation exposures from medical diagnostic imaging are based on complete fabrication of health risks based on an outdated, invalid linear model that has simply been propagated for decades. We present 7 main arguments for continued use of radiography for routine use in spinal rehabilitation: (1) the linear no-threshold model for radiation risk estimates is invalid for low-dose exposures; (2) low-dose radiation enhances health via the body’s adaptive response mechanisms (ie, radiation hormesis); (3) an X-ray with low-dose radiation only induces 1 one-millionth the amount of cellular damage as compared to breathing air for a day; (4) radiography is below inescapable natural annual background radiation levels; (5) radiophobia stems from unwarranted fears and false beliefs; (6) radiography use leads to better patient outcomes; (7) the risk to benefit ratio is always beneficial for routine radiography. Radiography is a safe imaging method for routine use in patient assessment, screening, diagnosis, and biomechanical analysis and for monitoring treatment progress in daily clinical practice.

BACKGROUND RADIATION LEVELS NEAR A MINERAL SAND MINING FACTORY IN SRI LANKA: CORRELATION OF RADIATION MEASUREMENTS WITH MICRONUCLEI FREQUENCY

2020 ◽  
Vol 189 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Warnakulasuriya ◽  
Senani Williams ◽  
Thiwanka Weerakkody ◽  
Mangala Dabarera ◽  
Kusum Rodrigo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Radiation Measurements ◽  
Dose Radiation

Abstract Lanka Mineral Sands Ltd (LMS) is a company operating in Pulmoddai, Sri Lanka, mining for rare earth minerals along with monazite which contains thorium that emits ionizing gamma and alpha radiation on decay. The objective of the study was to determine the background radiation levels and selected radionuclides and then to correlate these levels with the frequency of micronuclei (MN) among persons residing in the vicinity of LMS. A cross-sectional study was conducted among persons of both sexes between 35 and 45 years of age residing in the vicinity of LMS. Background radiation measurements were obtained by a survey metre, and gamma spectrometry was done on soil samples. Five millilitres of venous blood was drawn for cytokinesis-blocked MN assay. Background radiation levels measured by the survey metre; 232Th, 226Ra and 210Pb mass activities in soil were highest in the samples collected from the LMS. The background radiation measurements positively correlated with MN frequency although the magnitude of the correlation was small (r = 0.176, p = 0.04). This implies that chronic long-term exposure to low-dose radiation may result in genotoxicity. Prospective large-scale studies are recommended to evaluate the long-term effect of exposure to low-dose radiation at Pulmoddai.

scholarly journals Investigation of low-dose ritonavir on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells using gene expression whole genome microarrays

Genomics ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saliha Yilmaz ◽  
Marta Boffito ◽  
Sophie Collot-Teixeira ◽  
Ferruccio De Lorenzo ◽  
Laura Waters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells

scholarly journals Gene Expression Profiling of Biological Pathway Alterations by Radiation Exposure

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuei-Fang Lee ◽  
Julia Tzu-Ya Weng ◽  
Paul Wei-Che Hsu ◽  
Yu-Hsiang Chi ◽  
Ching-Kai Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Critical Threshold ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Dose Radiation

Though damage caused by radiation has been the focus of rigorous research, the mechanisms through which radiation exerts harmful effects on cells are complex and not well-understood. In particular, the influence of low dose radiation exposure on the regulation of genes and pathways remains unclear. In an attempt to investigate the molecular alterations induced by varying doses of radiation, a genome-wide expression analysis was conducted. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from five participants and each sample was subjected to 0.5 Gy, 1 Gy, 2.5 Gy, and 5 Gy of cobalt 60 radiation, followed by array-based expression profiling. Gene set enrichment analysis indicated that the immune system and cancer development pathways appeared to be the major affected targets by radiation exposure. Therefore, 1 Gy radioactive exposure seemed to be a critical threshold dosage. In fact, after 1 Gy radiation exposure, expression levels of several genes including FADD, TNFRSF10B, TNFRSF8, TNFRSF10A, TNFSF10, TNFSF8, CASP1, and CASP4 that are associated with carcinogenesis and metabolic disorders showed significant alterations. Our results suggest that exposure to low-dose radiation may elicit changes in metabolic and immune pathways, potentially increasing the risk of immune dysfunctions and metabolic disorders.

scholarly journals Repeated 0.2-Gy γ-Ray Irradiation Attenuates the Inflammatory Process and Endotoxin Damage Induced by Lipopolysaccharides

Dose-Response ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 155932581983635
Author(s):  
Suhe Dong ◽  
Wen Qian ◽  
Tingting Liu ◽  
Hu Liu ◽  
Jicong Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Endotoxin Tolerance ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Γ Ray ◽  
Dose Radiation ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Endotoxin damage is an acute, multi-organ disease, the most typical symptoms of which are liver injury and inflammatory cytokine storm. Endotoxin tolerance is described as the pretreatment of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) before the toxin invasion, which is consistent with the adaptive response induced by low-dose radiation (LDR). In this study, we verified that LDR could resist the endotoxin damage by suppressing the increase of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor, and NO, to improve the survival and relieve the inflammatory cell infiltration, in which low dose of LPS performed consistently with LDR.

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