scholarly journals PATH-10. EFFECTS OF 19q-LOSS IN IDH-MUTATED ASTROCYTOMAS ON BETTER PROGNOSIS AND OLIGODENDROGLIOMA-LIKE MORPHOLOGY

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii165-ii166
Author(s):  
Ryohei Otani ◽  
Takeo Uzuka ◽  
Fumi Higuchi ◽  
Hadzki Matsuda ◽  
Shota Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Stem Cell Maintenance ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Cell Maintenance ◽  
Glioma Progression

Abstract We previously reported that there was a subgroup of IDH-mutated astrocytomas harboring only 19q-loss showing oligodendroglioma-like morphology and significantly longer overall survival (OS) compared with 19q-intact astrocytomas. To further explore the biological characteristics of this possible subgroup and obtain insight into the mechanism of their clinical behavior, we compared gene expression pattern between five 19q-loss and five 19q-intact IDH-mutated astrocytomas by microarray analysis. Comparing expression level of each genes between 19q-loss and 19q-intact astrocytomas,136 up-regulated genes and 203 down-regulated genes were extracted. Gene expression patterns of 19q-loss astrocytomas were partially different from that of 19q-intact astrocytomas. More down-regulated genes distributed on 19q and 4p, and more up-regulated genes distributed on 4q. Multiple genes associated with stem cell maintenance were down-regulated in 19q-loss astrocytomas, and genes associated with glioma progression were differentially expressed. Comparing expression patterns among 19q-loss astrocytomas and other IDH-mutant glioma subgroups using TCGA datasets by t-SNE analysis revealed that expression pattern of 19q-loss astrocytomas did not shift to that of oligodendrogliomas with 1p/19q codeletion but were a subgroup in astrocytomas. These results indicated that 19q-loss in astrocytomas was an acquired event different from 1p/19q codeletion in oligodendrogliomas, and better prognosis morphological features in 19q-loss astrocytomas were derived from differentially expressed genes associated with stem cell maintenance and glioma progression.

scholarly journals MPC-11 Comprehensive gene expression analysis of IDH-mutated astrocytomas with 19q-loss

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. ii12-ii12
Author(s):  
Ryohei Otani ◽  
Akitake Mukasa ◽  
Takeo Uzuka ◽  
Fumi Higuchi ◽  
Hadzki Matsuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Early Event ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Stem Cell Maintenance ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Cell Maintenance ◽  
Glioma Progression

Abstract We previously reported that there was a subgroup of IDH-mutated astrocytomas harboring only 19q-loss showing oligodendroglioma-like morphology and significantly longer overall survival (OS) compared with 19q-intact astrocytomas. To further explore the biological characteristics of this possible subgroup and obtain insight into the mechanism of their relatively benign clinical behavior, we compared gene expression pattern between five 19q-loss and five 19q-intact IDH-mutated astrocytomas by microarray analysis. By comparing expression levels of genes of 19q-loss astrocytomas to those of 19q-intact astrocytomas,136 up-regulated genes and 203 down-regulated genes were extracted. Down-regulated genes in the 19q-loss astrocytomas were heavily clustered to 19q and 4p, and up-regulated genes to 4q. It was noted that fibroblast growth factor 1 associated with stem cell maintenance was down-regulated in 19q-loss astrocytomas and genes associated with glioma progression were differentially expressed, these results were validated with the independent TCGA data set. On t-SNE analysis of the 19q-loss astrocytomas with other IDH-mutant glioma subgroups from the TCGA datasets, 19q-loss astrocytomas did not shift to oligodendrogliomas with 1p/19q codeletion but were a subgroup in astrocytomas. These results indicated that 19q-loss in astrocytomas is more likely to be an acquired event rather than early event in oncogenesis like 1p/19q codeletion in oligodendrogliomas, and the biological and morphological features of 19q-loss astrocytomas were possibly related to differentially expressed genes associated with stem cell maintenance and glioma progression.

Memory B Cells Display Changes In The Expression Pattern Of Genes Related To Cell Survival In Elderly Individuals

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 4893-4893
Author(s):  
Alicia Baez ◽  
Isabel Alvarez-Laderas ◽  
Jose Ignacio Piruat ◽  
Teresa Caballero-Velazquez ◽  
Africa Millan-Ucles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Memory B Cells ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Elderly Individuals

Abstract Introduction Memory B cells (MBCs) have a very long half-life, remaining viable in a quiescent state for years. However, elderly individuals have less amount of MBCs and they produce lower amounts of antibodies. Thus, in aged individuals immunization become less efficient in terms of quantity and quality. Furthermore, several hematologic malignancies involving B-cell lineage, such as non-Hodgkin lymphomas, chronic lymphocytic leukemia or multiple myeloma, are increasingly common in aging population. With this background, we analyzed the gene expression patterns of naïve B cells (NBCs) versus MBCs in both younger and older subjects, in order to identify genes related to longevity that could be altered in the elderly population and related to an increased risk of developing certain lymphoid malignancies. Methods NBCs and MBCs were obtained by immunomagnetic separation from buffy coats of 10 healthy donors: 5 young (20-25 years) and 5 elderly (65-70 years). By microarray techniques we analyzed the expression of 45000 genes in all samples. Unsupervised hierarchical clusters of gene expression data were performed using the average linkage and the Euclidean distance. To identify differentially expressed genes between experimental groups we applied non-parametric Mann-Whitney test. The differences in expression with a p value < 0.05 were considered significant. All analyses were performed using the Multi-experiment Viewer 4.7.1 software. Results Firstly, we confirmed that the expression pattern of NBCs versus MBCs is significanly different in 3548 genes in young and 2145 genes in elderly individuals. Next, in order to evaluate the effect of age in NBCs and MBCs, we compared the gene expression pattern of young versus aged subjects in both cell populations. Interestingly, we did not find significant differences in the naïve population between young and aged individuals, whereas we found 1593 genes differentially expressed in young versus elderly subjects within MBCs; therefore, age affects the gene expression pattern of MBCs but not NBCs. Furthermore, we identified 467 genes which displayed a higher or lower expression in MBCs from aged as compared to younger individuals and NBCs, most of them involved in proliferation and cell cycle, apoptosis, cell survival and hematological diseases (Table 1). Conclusions Gene expression profiles of NBCs and MBCs are different. While there are no significant differences in NBCs of young versus elderly individuals, we detected significant differences in expression patterns of MBCs between both age groups, which indicates that MBCs could be more susceptible to age related alterations. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Verticillium wilt resistant and susceptible olive cultivars express a very different basal set of genes in roots

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Ramírez-Tejero ◽  
Jaime Jiménez-Ruiz ◽  
Alicia Serrano ◽  
Angjelina Belaj ◽  
Lorenzo León ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Pathogen Invasion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Olive Cultivars

Abstract Background Olive orchards are threatened by a wide range of pathogens. Of these, Verticillium dahliae has been in the spotlight for its high incidence, the difficulty to control it and the few cultivars that has increased tolerance to the pathogen. Disease resistance not only depends on detection of pathogen invasion and induction of responses by the plant, but also on barriers to avoid the invasion and active resistance mechanisms constitutively expressed in the absence of the pathogen. In a previous work we found that two healthy non-infected plants from cultivars that differ in V. dahliae resistance such as ‘Frantoio’ (resistant) and ‘Picual’ (susceptible) had a different root morphology and gene expression pattern. In this work, we have addressed the issue of basal differences in the roots between Resistant and Susceptible cultivars. Results The gene expression pattern of roots from 29 olive cultivars with different degree of resistance/susceptibility to V. dahliae was analyzed by RNA-Seq. However, only the Highly Resistant and Extremely Susceptible cultivars showed significant differences in gene expression among various groups of cultivars. A set of 421 genes showing an inverse differential expression level between the Highly Resistant to Extremely Susceptible cultivars was found and analyzed. The main differences involved higher expression of a series of transcription factors and genes involved in processes of molecules importation to nucleus, plant defense genes and lower expression of root growth and development genes in Highly Resistant cultivars, while a reverse pattern in Moderately Susceptible and more pronounced in Extremely Susceptible cultivars were observed. Conclusion According to the different gene expression patterns, it seems that the roots of the Extremely Susceptible cultivars focus more on growth and development, while some other functions, such as defense against pathogens, have a higher expression level in roots of Highly Resistant cultivars. Therefore, it seems that there are constitutive differences in the roots between Resistant and Susceptible cultivars, and that susceptible roots seem to provide a more suitable environment for the pathogen than the resistant ones.

Biological Image Analysis via Matrix Approximation

2011 ◽  
pp. 166-170
Author(s):  
Jieping Ye ◽  
Ravi Janardan ◽  
Sudhir Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Controlled Vocabulary ◽  
Gene Expression Patterns ◽  
Image Content ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Microarray Gene Expression ◽  
Individual Gene

Understanding the roles of genes and their interactions is one of the central challenges in genome research. One popular approach is based on the analysis of microarray gene expression data (Golub et al., 1999; White, et al., 1999; Oshlack et al., 2007). By their very nature, these data often do not capture spatial patterns of individual gene expressions, which is accomplished by direct visualization of the presence or absence of gene products (mRNA or protein) (e.g., Tomancak et al., 2002; Christiansen et al., 2006). For instance, the gene expression pattern images of a Drosophila melanogaster embryo capture the spatial and temporal distribution of gene expression patterns at a given developmental stage (Bownes, 1975; Tsai et al., 1998; Myasnikova et al., 2002; Harmon et al., 2007). The identification of genes showing spatial overlaps in their expression patterns is fundamentally important to formulating and testing gene interaction hypotheses (Kumar et al., 2002; Tomancak et al., 2002; Gurunathan et al., 2004; Peng & Myers, 2004; Pan et al., 2006). Recent high-throughput experiments of Drosophila have produced over fifty thousand images (http://www. fruitfly.org/cgi-bin/ex/insitu.pl). It is thus desirable to design efficient computational approaches that can automatically retrieve images with overlapping expression patterns. There are two primary ways of accomplishing this task. In one approach, gene expression patterns are described using a controlled vocabulary, and images containing overlapping patterns are found based on the similarity of textual annotations. In the second approach, the most similar expression patterns are identified by a direct comparison of image content, emulating the visual inspection carried out by biologists [(Kumar et al., 2002); see also www.flyexpress.net]. The direct comparison of image content is expected to be complementary to, and more powerful than, the controlled vocabulary approach, because it is unlikely that all attributes of an expression pattern can be completely captured via textual descriptions. Hence, to facilitate the efficient and widespread use of such datasets, there is a significant need for sophisticated, high-performance, informatics-based solutions for the analysis of large collections of biological images.

Follistatin alters myostatin gene expression in C2C12 muscle cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kocams¸ ◽  
N. Gulmez ◽  
S. Aslan ◽  
M. Nazlı
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Myostatin Gene ◽  
Significant Difference

The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of follistatin addition on myostatin and follistatin gene expression patterns in C2C12 muscle cells. C2C12 cells were administered with 100 ng/ml recombinant human (rh) follistatin in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 4 mM glutamine and antibiotics daily for three days. Rh follistatin was not added in the control wells. Follistatin and myostatin gene cDNAs were synthesised by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).The time course of follistatin gene expression pattern was similar in both the control and the follistatin-treated group. Myostatin mRNA level significantly increased in the follistatin-treated group after 24 h of culture (Fig. 3, P < 0.01). Amounts then sharply decreased (Fig. 3, P < 0.01) at 48 h of culture, whereas there was no significant difference between the control and the follistatin-treated group at 72 h of culture. Our results demonstrated that myostatin and follistatin mRNA were expressed in C2C12 cells and rh follistatin changed the myostatin expression pattern.

scholarly journals Selection and Validation of Reference Genes for RT-qPCR Analysis in Spinacia oleracea under Abiotic Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Hao Xie ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Yu Chang ◽  
Xiaoyan Hou ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Reference Genes ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Qpcr Analysis ◽  
The Stability

Reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is an accurate and convenient method for mRNA quantification. Selection of optimal reference gene(s) is an important step in RT-qPCR experiments. However, the stability of housekeeping genes in spinach (Spinacia oleracea) under various abiotic stresses is unclear. Evaluating the stability of candidate genes and determining the optimal gene(s) for normalization of gene expression in spinach are necessary to investigate the gene expression patterns during development and stress response. In this study, ten housekeeping genes, 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA), actin, ADP ribosylation factor (ARF), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5C (COX), cyclophilin (CYP), elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1α), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), histone H3 (H3), 50S ribosomal protein L2 (RPL2), and tubulin alpha chain (TUBα) from spinach, were selected as candidates in roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and seedlings in response to high temperature, CdCl2, NaCl, NaHCO3, and Na2CO3 stresses. The expression of these genes was quantified by RT-qPCR and evaluated by NormFinder, BestKeeper, and geNorm. 18S rRNA, actin, ARF, COX, CYP, EF1α, GAPDH, H3, and RPL2 were detected as optimal reference genes for gene expression analysis of different organs and stress responses. The results were further confirmed by the expression pattern normalized with different reference genes of two heat-responsive genes. Here, we optimized the detection method of the gene expression pattern in spinach. Our results provide the optimal candidate reference genes which were crucial for RT-qPCR analysis.

48 GLOBAL GENE EXPRESSION PATTERN OF BOS INDICUS AND BOS TAURUS VITRIFIED EMBRYOS

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
R. Cancian ◽  
M. Macelai ◽  
G. Tavares ◽  
R. S. Valente ◽  
E. S. Caixeta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Global Gene Expression ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Canonical Pathways

The cryopreservation of in vitro-produced (IVP) bovine embryos is one of the most challenging areas of the assisted reproductive biotechnologies. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the global gene expression pattern of Bos indicus (Nellore) and Bos taurus (Simmental) IVP embryos after vitrification. Follicular aspiration was performed on Nellore (n = 14) and Simmental (n = 14) cows, and oocytes (n = 840 and 450; respectively) were submitted to in vitro maturation and in vitro fertilization. Presumptive zygotes were denuded and cultured in SOFaa with 0.5% BSA and 2.5% FCS during 7 days under standard culture conditions. Blastocysts (grade 1 and 2) were vitrified, warmed, and cultured for an additional 12 h under the same conditions. Nellore (n = 8) and Simmental (n = 8) IVP blastocysts considered viable after vitrification, with re-expanded blastocoel, were submitted to total RNA extraction (PicoPure, Arcturus, Applied Biosystems®, Foster Dity, CA, USA), DNAse I treatment (Qiagen®, Valencia, CA, USA), and amplification (RiboAmp, Applied Biosystems®). Fragmented cRNA were obtained through 3′IVT Express Kit (Affymetrix®, Santa Clara, CA, USA) to perform the hybridization using GeneChip Bovine Genome Array (Affymetrix®). Microarray data analysis was performed using the FlexArray 1.6.1.1 software. Genes with at least a 1.5-fold change and a P-value of less than 0.05 were considered differentially expressed. Of the 1278 genes differentially expressed between Bos taurus and Bos indicus vitrified embryos, 1108 were annotated, with 1193 genes up-regulated and 85 genes down-regulated in Bos taurus compared with Bos indicus IVP vitrified embryos. Differentially expressed genes were associated with the functional networks of cell cycle, cellular movement and DNA replication, recombination and repair; RNA post-transcriptional modifications; gene expression, protein synthesis; RNA damage and repair; cellular function and maintenance; and cell death and survival. The top 6 canonical pathways generated by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis® with the differentially expressed genes were ELF2 signalling, oxidative phosphorylation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, protein ubiquitination pathway, mTOR signalling, and IGF-1 signalling. In conclusion, Bos taurus IVP embryos seem to trigger different cellular response mechanisms to the vitrification stress in comparison with Bos indicus IVP embryos. Differential response is mainly represented by different expression profiles of genes regulating important canonical pathways involved in cellular response to stress that could be related with the higher post-cryopreservation survival capacity observed in Bos taurus embryos.Research was supported by FAPESP, CNPq, FAPERGS, and LNBio – National Laboratory of Biosciences/MCT.

Investigations of Murine Embryonic Stem Cell Maintenance by Analyses of Culture Variables and Gene Expression

2007 ◽  
pp. 185-189
Author(s):  
James M. Piret ◽  
Clive H. Glover ◽  
Michael Marin ◽  
Mohammed A. S. Chaudhry ◽  
Connie J. Eaves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cell ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Stem Cell Maintenance ◽  
Murine Embryonic Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Maintenance

Molecular Phenotype of Malignant CD34+ Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 2863-2863
Author(s):  
Ralf Kronenwett ◽  
Elena Diaz-Blanco ◽  
Thorsten Graef ◽  
Ulrich Steidl ◽  
Slawomir Kliszewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Leukemic Cell ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Cd34 Cells

Abstract In this study, we examined gene expression profiles of immunomagnetically enriched CD34+ cells from bone marrow (BM) of 9 patients with untreated CML in chronic phase and from 8 healthy volunteers using Affymetrix GeneChips. Additionally, in 3 patients CD34+ from peripheral blood (PB) were compared with those from BM. Differential expression of 12 candidate genes was corroborated by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Following hybridization of labelled cRNA to Affymetrix GeneChips covering 8793 genes we used the statistical scripting language “R” for data analysis. For normalization a method of variance stabilization transformations was used. To identify significantly differentially expressed genes we used the Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM) algorithm. The intraindividual comparison of CD34+ cells from BM and PB in CML showed no differentially expressed genes which is different to normal CD34+ cells which had distinct gene expression patterns comparing circulating and sedentary CD34+ cells (Steidl et al., Blood, 2002). Comparing malignant BM CD34+ cells from CML with normal BM CD34+ cells 792 genes were significantly differentially expressed (fold change: &gt;1.3; q-value: &lt;0.03). 735 genes had a higher and 57 genes a lower expression in CML. Gene expression patterns reflected BCR-ABL-induced functional alterations such as increased cell-cycle and proteasome activity as well as decreased apoptosis. Downregulation of several genes involved in DNA repair and detoxification in CML might be the basis for DNA instability and progression to blast crisis. An interesting finding was an upregulation of fetal hemoglobin (Hb) components such as Hb gamma A and G in leukemic progenitor cells whereas no difference in adult Hb expression was observed suggesting an induction of fetal Hb synthesis in CML. Looking at genes involved in stem cell maintenance we found an upregulation of GATA2 and a reduced expression of proteins from the Wnt signalling pathway suggesting an increased self-renewal of CML hematopoietic stem cells compared to the normal counterpart. Moreover, several genes playing a role in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism and in fatty acid biosynthesis such as fatty acid synthase (FAS) were stronger expressed in CML. The functional role of FAS for leukemic cell growth was assessed in cell culture experiments. Incubation of the leukemic cell line K562 with the FAS inhibitor cerulenin (10 μg/ml) for 3 days resulted in death of 99% of cells suggesting that survival of leukemic cells depends upon endogenous fatty acid synthesis. In an attempt to find a specific gene expression pattern associated with response to imatinib therapy we divided the patients included in this study into two groups: maximal reduction of BCR-ABL transcript level &lt;3-log vs. &gt;3-log (major molecular remission) during therapy. Comparing pretherapeutic gene expression profiles of both groups we could not identify a pattern predictive for major molecular response. In conclusion, malignant CD34+ cells in CML have a specific gene expression pattern which seems not to be predictive for response to imatinib therapy.

Myelomatous Plasma Cells Display An Intermediate Gene Expression Pattern Between a Normal Plasma Cell and a Memory B Cell

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 1892-1892
Author(s):  
Alicia Baez ◽  
Jose Ignacio Piruat ◽  
Teresa Caballero-Velazquez ◽  
María Victoria Barbado ◽  
Isabel Alvarez-Laderas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Healthy Donors

Abstract Introduction Memory B cells (MBCs) remain viable in a non-proliferative state for years. These cells express genes involved in cell survival and anti-apoptotic factors, while repress the expression of cell cycle regulatory genes. During their differentiation into plasma cells (PCs), these cells develop an opposite gene expression pattern, with a higher expression of genes implicated in cell proliferation and activation, and a lower expression of survival genes. In multiple myeloma (MM) the PCs accumulate into the bone marrow due, at least in part, to failure of pro-apoptotic mechanisms normally expressed in PCs. In the present study we analyzed the gene expression patterns of MBCs and PCs from healthy donors and patients with MM, in order to determine whether or not myelomatous PCs share characteristics of MBCs and/or normal PCs, and to identify possible genes related to the pathophysiology of the disease. Methods MBCs were obtained by immunomagnetic separation from buffy coats of 5 aged healthy donors. Likewise, PCs were isolated from bone marrow of 6 healthy donors and of 5 patients with MM. Using microarray techniques we analyzed the expression of 45000 genes in all samples. We performed unsupervised hierarchical cluster of gene expression data using the average linkage and the Euclidean distance. To identify differentially expressed genes among experimental groups we applied non-parametric Kruskal Wallis test. The differences in expression with a p value < 0.05 were considered significant. All analyses were performed using the Multi-experiment Viewer 4.7.1 software. Results From the hierarchical cluster obtained we clearly identified two groups, one which included normal PCs samples and the other one containing myelomatous PCs and MBCs. Interestingly, myelomatous PCs displayed intermediate features between MBCs and normal PCs (Figure 1). We found 5159 genes differentially expressed between normal and myelomatous PCs. Among these, we identified 3455 genes which displayed a similar expression pattern between MBCs and myelomatous PCs, including caspases inhibitors, MAP kinases, ubiquitins, transcription and translation factors. Conclusion Myelomatous PCs display an intermediate gene expression pattern between normal PCs and MBCs. These cells display high expression of genes involved in cell survival that should be normally inactivated in the transit of MBC to a normal PC, so that its expression pattern is closer to a MBC than a normal PC. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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