scholarly journals Inventory of Wood Residues in Southern West Virginia

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn T. Grushecky ◽  
David W. McGill ◽  
R. Bruce Anderson
Keyword(s):  
West Virginia ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Yellow Poplar ◽  
Wood Residue ◽  
Logging Residues ◽  
Sustainable Fashion ◽  
Logging Residue

Abstract Logging residues were inventoried in a 14-county region of southern West Virginia during the summer of 2002. A total of 70 sites that were harvested in 2000–2001 were sampled. The average overall weight of wood residue left after harvest in the region was 10.4 tons per acre (T/ac). Oak (Quercus spp.) was the most prevalent species group by weight, averaging 5.0 T/ac over the study area. Miscellaneous hardwoods, yellow-poplar, and maple species (Acer spp.) followed the oaks with 2.7, 1.2, and 1.2 T/ac, respectively. The average large-end and small-end diameter of the pieces measured on intensive lines was 9.2 and 4.9 in., respectively. The average length of all logging residue was 20.4 ft. Wood residue loads after timber harvesting in West Virginia continue to be substantial. Although yellow-poplar and other soft hardwood residues alone do not provide an adequate fiber resource to supply new engineered wood products facilities, these residues can supplement current needs. Attention should be given toward increasing the use of these residues in West Virginia, especially in attracting industry that can use oak and mixed hardwood logging residues in a sustainable fashion.

scholarly journals Logging Residue Yield Equations from West Virginia Timber Harvests

1998 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Shawn T. Grushecky ◽  
Curt C. Hassler ◽  
Mary Ann Fajvan
Keyword(s):  
West Virginia ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Logging Residues ◽  
Plot Sampling ◽  
Logging Residue ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Two Independent Variables ◽  
Timber Harvests

Abstract Line intersect and fixed plot sampling methodologies were used to measure both logging residues and overstory structural characteristics on 101 harvested stands in West Virginia. Equations were developed for predicting total and species-specific postharvest residue volume based on two independent variables, average dbh, and basal area of harvested trees. Finally, yield tables were developed that present expected postharvest residue volumes. North. J. Appl. For. 15(1):14-16.

Predicting Logging Residue Volumes in Alaska

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
Erik C Berg ◽  
Eric A Simmons ◽  
Todd A Morgan ◽  
Stanley J Zarnoch
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Models ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Growing Stock ◽  
Prediction Tools ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Logging Residue ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Forest Managers

Abstract Alaska forest managers seek information on how timber harvesting practices change the creation of postharvest woody residues. To predict residue volumes, researchers investigated how residue ratios—growing-stock residue volume per mill-delivered volume—related to readily available data on logging site and tree attributes in Alaska. Residue ratios were not related to logging site-level variables but were related to individual tree variables with predictive models. Ratios varied widely by tree species and were predicted to increase with larger stump height and larger small-end used diameters and decline exponentially with increasing diameter breast height (dbh) to approximately 25 inches. Ratios were then predicted to increase progressively in larger dbh trees. Results from this study update previous findings in other US Northwest states and can be used to produce or improve residue prediction tools for Alaska land managers.

scholarly journals Comparison of Prediction Equations for Estimating Inside Bark Diameters for Yellow-Poplar, Red Maple, and Red Pine in West Virginia

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Brooks ◽  
Lichun Jiang
Keyword(s):  
West Virginia ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Red Maple ◽  
Nonlinear Prediction ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Yellow Poplar ◽  
Taper Function ◽  
Almost All

Abstract The ability to predict inside bark diameters was investigated using taper data for red maple, red pine and yellow-poplar from several stands in West Virginia. Inside bark estimates were based on Grosenbaugh's STX prediction equations, a segmented polynomial taper function fitted to inside bark diameter data, an existing polynomial prediction equation published for several hardwood species in this region and a nonlinear prediction equation fitted to the taper data. Grosenbaugh's STX is a computer program for processing tree measurements and includes three equations to allow flexibility and greater accuracy in predicting inside bark upper stem diameters. The nonlinear equation had the smallest overall prediction error in almost all cases investigated. The taper function had the largest error but does not require knowledge of the specific upper stem outside bark diameter. No single STX bark option was found to be optimal for all species or for a single species from two different geographic regions.

scholarly journals Tree Regeneration Response to the Group Selection Method in Southern Indiana

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale R. Weigel ◽  
George R. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Group Selection ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Selection Method ◽  
Tree Regeneration ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Yellow Poplar ◽  
The North ◽  
South Central ◽  
Regeneration Response ◽  
Number Of Stems

Abstract Tree regeneration response following the use of the group selection method was studied within 36 group openings on the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Crane Division in south central Indiana. Two different aspects and three time periods since cutting were examined. The objectives were to determine whether aspect, age, species group, location within the opening, or their interactions had any influence on the number of stems or average height of the tree regeneration. Among openings up to 20 yr since cutting, yellow-poplar and dogwood were most abundant for stems greater than 2.5 cm diameter at breast height (dbh), and dogwood and cherry-ash-walnut were most abundant for stems less than 2.5 cm dbh. The location×species group interaction also influenced the number of stems greater than 2.5 cm dbh. Stems less than 2.5 cm dbh were influenced by the age×species group and aspect×species group interactions. The north aspect and the oldest openings contained the most stems per hectare less than 2.5 cm dbh. The interaction of age and species group influenced average height for stems greater than or equal to 2.5 cm dbh. Average height increased with age for stems greater than or equal to 2.5 cm dbh. North. J. Appl. For. 14(2):90-94.

Availability of Wood-Residue Fuels for Agribusiness and Industry in Georgia

1982 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Glenn C. W. Ames ◽  
Harold O. Baxter
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Wood Residue ◽  
Logging Residues ◽  
Wood Residues ◽  
Wood Fuels

Abstract A survey of 278 sawmills and other sources of wood residues in Georgia revealed that wood fuels were available at $3.86 to $5.69 per ton FOB, the source. Unsold wood residues were available in volumes necessary to meet the needs of 7 of 14 firms considering use of wood fuels. If these nonforest product firms converted to wood fuels, the savings in annual energy costs would range from 23 to 57 percent, depending upon the fossil fuel currently being used. However, other firms would have to either pay prices higher than $6 per ton for wood residues or purchase logging residues in order to generate the supply of wood fuels necessary to meet their requirements.

scholarly journals Fall Movements of Allegheny Woodrats in Harvested and Intact Stands in West Virginia

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin S. Hornsby ◽  
Alina M. Ruiz ◽  
Steven B. Castleberry ◽  
Nikole L. Castleberry ◽  
W. Mark Ford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Virginia ◽  
Home Range ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Range Size ◽  
Habitat Alterations ◽  
Allegheny Woodrat ◽  
Allegheny Mountains ◽  
Foraging Movements

Abstract Populations of the Allegheny woodrat (Neotoma magister) have experienced declines over the last 30 years, particularly in the northern and western parts of their range. Although relatively untested, silvicultural practices that alter forest structure and composition have been hypothesized as having negative impacts on Allegheny woodrat habitat and populations. To investigate the effects of timber harvesting on Allegheny woodrats in the Allegheny Mountains of West Virginia, we compared home range size and foraging movements between woodrats adjacent to a harvested stand to those in an intact forest stand during fall 1997 using radio telemetry. Mean home range size of all woodrats combined was 0.65 (±0.20) ha. Mean home range, movement rate, and maximum distance traveled from the den did not differ between the harvested and intact stands or between sex or age classes. Home range and foraging movements in fall were considerably smaller than those documented from summer in previous studies. It is likely that home range and foraging movements are affected less by surrounding habitat alterations in fall and winter than in summer because of limited movements away from the outcrop and reliance on cached foods.North. J. Appl. For. 22(4):281–284.

Logging-residue extraction does not reduce the diversity of litter-layer saprotrophic fungi in three Swedish coniferous stands after 25 years

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1737-1748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Allmér ◽  
Jan Stenlid ◽  
Anders Dahlberg
Keyword(s):  
Woody Debris ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Litter Layer ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Saprotrophic Fungi ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Logging Residues ◽  
Logging Residue

Logging residues, consisting of branches and treetops, are increasingly being extracted for biofuel purposes in Fennoscandia, thereby decreasing the availability of fine woody debris (FWD). Little is known about the importance of FWD and litter to fungal diversity, although they constitute the major components of dead organic matter in both managed and natural forests. We investigated the long-term effects of removing logging residue on the saprotrophic fungi community in the litter layer by using an experiment established 25 years ago, comprising stands with and without removal of clear-cut slash. The fungal communities were identified using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism from standardized baits of wood and needles left in the litter layer for 30 months. A total of 74 fungal taxa were recorded. No differences in species richness or frequency of abundant species were detected between the stands with and without slash removal, suggesting that the extraction of logging residues has a negligible long-term impact on abundant saprotrophic fungi. Twenty-five of the 36 abundant species colonized wood and needles indiscriminately, while 10 species occurred exclusively on wood or needles and only one species mainly on wood. The importance of litter to certain wood-inhabiting fungi may therefore be underrated. The frequent records of Trichaptum abietinum (Dicks.) Ryvarden indicate that wood-inhabiting species may, surprisingly, be found in the litter layer.

Computer Programs: Georgia's Wood Fuel Data Base: An Integrated Information System for Biomass Energy Users

1984 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glen C. W. Ames ◽  
Bryce B. Dunavent
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Data Base ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Simple Formula ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Wood Fuel ◽  
Wood Residue ◽  
Integrated Information System

Abstract A simple formula was designed to enable firms to determine the least-cost wood residue fuel available from sawmills, veneer plants, chip mills, furniture manufacturers, and other wood products firms in Georgia. Two surveys of more than 250 wood-using firms were conducted during 1980 and 1981 to determine the supply and marketing situation of residues for energy production. Statewide, softwood bark was the least-cost fuel on a delivered basis, followed by softwood shavings, sawdust, and dirty hardwood chips. A market feasibility study for a hypothetical firm in southeast Georgia indicated that softwood bark was the least-cost fuel in that location.

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