scholarly journals 172. Serum Igg Profiling Healthy 1- and 2- year Old Toddlers Reveals a Subgroup with Clinically Informative Reactivities to Pathogens and Autoantigens

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S215-S215
Author(s):  
Patricia Pichilingue Reto ◽  
Prithvi Raj ◽  
Quan-Zhen Li ◽  
Igor Dozmorov ◽  
Maria Teresa De la Morena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
High Responder ◽  
Dna Polymorphisms ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Serum Igg ◽  
Antibody Reactivity ◽  
High Responder Group

Abstract Background The antibody repertoire in an infant/toddler develops in response to the microbiome, infections, environmental exposures, and vaccinations. Monitoring the specificity of these antibody responses in normal toddlers will provide indicators of disease susceptibility. Methods The serum Immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM antibody reactivity patterns in 1- and 2-year-old healthy toddlers was determined by examining the Ig specificity to diverse infectious agents, autoantigens and vaccine antigens with an antigen array. The toddlers were stratified based on their antibody reactivity to these diverse antigens with a normalized fluorescence intensity measure. Repeat profiling was performed at year 2 to reveal longitudinal changes in the IgG and IgM responses. Clinical information, along with DNA sequencing, and selected cytokine assays were used to establish an odds ratio for immune disease potential among the cohort. Results Healthy 1- and 2- year old IgG responses revealed cohorts of low, moderate, and high Ig responder groups that was unconnected with total serum IgG levels. The high responder group had elevated IgG reactions to selected pathogens, particularly viruses as well as to autoantigens. This high reactivity group, representing 17% of the cohort, had high odds ratios with maternal gestational diabetes, age, and a family history of asthma. While all toddlers developed strong antibody responses to Measles-Mumps-Rubella vaccines (MMR), more variation was noted towards other vaccines. In infections to Molluscum contagiosum, the IgG serum levels were transient regardless of the responder group. The high responder group had DNA polymorphisms linked to enhanced immune responses that correlated with elevated cytokine levels as well as eczema and asthma. A subset of toddlers has strong IgG responses to pathogens and vaccines Conclusion A subset of normal healthy toddlers has a high potential for immune system abnormalities and autoimmunity based on higher serum antibody responses to pathogens and autoantigens, genetic polymorphisms, and elevated cytokine responses. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Influence of variation in host strain and parasite isolate on inflammatory and antibody responses toTrichinella spiralisin mice

Parasitology ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Goyal ◽  
D. Wakelin
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
High Responder ◽  
Worm Recovery ◽  
Response Phenotype ◽  
Igg Isotypes ◽  
Low Responder ◽  
Antibody Levels

SUMMARYVariation in the immunogenicity of 3 isolates ofTrichinella spiraliswas assessed by the parameters of adult worm recovery, mast cell, eosinophil and antibody responses in mice of defined response phenotype. The levels of the protective, inflammatory and immune responses induced by infection differed between the isolates. Isolates showed considerable variation in the capacity to elicit mast cell and eosinophil responses. All induced increases in parasite-specific antibody, levels of total (IgGAM) antibody and of IgM and IgG isotypes rose steadily after infection, but there were significant differences in levels of response. The IgGAM response was correlated with the number of worms present, i.e. the greatest response was seen in low responder (C57BL/10) mice infected with the longest-surviving isolates. All isolates elicited specific IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies after infection, although, again, there were isolate-specific differences in the levels and kinetics of response. Levels of these isotypes were always higher, although not significantly so, in high-responder NIH mice. Low-responder mice showed higher IgE serum levels than high-responder mice after infection, one isolate giving much higher IgE values than the other two.

scholarly journals Circulating bioactive sclerostin levels in an Austrian population-based cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Kerschan-Schindl ◽  
Ursula Föger-Samwald ◽  
Andreas Gleiss ◽  
Stefan Kudlacek ◽  
Jacqueline Wallwitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Levels ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Robust Parameter ◽  
Austrian Population ◽  
Different Levels

Summary Background Circulating serum sclerostin levels are supposed to give a good estimation of the levels of this negative regulator of bone mass within bone. Most studies evaluating total serum sclerostin found different levels in males compared to females and in older compared to younger subjects. Besides an ELISA detecting total sclerostin an ELISA determining bioactive sclerostin has been developed. The aim of this study was to investigate serum levels of bioactive sclerostin in an Austrian population-based cohort. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional observational study in 235 healthy subjects. Using the bioactive ELISA assay (Biomedica) bioactive sclerostin levels were evaluated. Results Serum levels of bioactive sclerostin were higher in men than in women (24%). The levels correlated positively with age (r = 0.47). A positive correlation could also be detected with body mass index and bone mineral density. Conclusion Using the ELISA detecting bioactive sclerostin our results are consistent with data in the literature obtained by different sclerostin assays. The determination of sclerostin concentrations in peripheral blood thus appears to be a robust parameter of bone metabolism.

scholarly journals PSVII-17 Program Chair Poster Pick: Reproductive function of cows depending on lipid metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 293-294
Author(s):  
Murat Baymishev ◽  
Sergey Eremin ◽  
Kirill Plemyashov ◽  
Khamidulla Baymishev ◽  
Igor Konopel’tsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Products ◽  
Synthetic Function ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Oxidized Products

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the etiopathogenesis of reproductive dysfunction in highly productive cows. Studies were conducted on cows of black-motley breed, aged 3–5 lactations, with a live weight of 480–520 kg. Cows were divided into two groups. The first group included 20 cows effective inseminated after the first insemination. The second group included 17 cows that did not fertilize after the first insemination. Blood samples (n = 253) were taken from 4–7; 14–17; 24–34; 35–50; 88–95; 195–210 days of pregnancy; during the beginning of dry period (DP); 1–4 days before calving and on the first day after calving. The content of total serum lipids in pregnant animals was 15.8% higher compared to unfertilized animals. In non-pregnant cows, a decrease in free cholesterol (by 28.65%), especially in its ether-bound fraction (14.91%), indicates a lower synthetic function of the liver, which is confirmed by the low serum levels of vitamins A and E (a difference of 11.3 and 23.65%). The DP was characterized by a significant increase in the products of lipid peroxidation - malondialdehyde by 12–17%, diene and triene conjugates - by 10–15 and 8–15%, respectively, and 1–4 days before calving in cows, which subsequently had a pathological calving, in particular - retention of placenta (5 cows), were characterized by an increased content in the blood plasma of lipid peroxidation products. Thus, the difference in the number of dienes, trienes, and malondialdehyde products was 14.0, 12.0, and 23.5%, compared with animals without obstetric pathology. On the first day after calving, this difference increased even more. Cows with retention of placenta had a significantly higher level of lipid peroxidation products and were characterized by a predominance of oxidized products over the antiradical thiol disulfide and ascorbate systems restored in the antioxidant balance.

scholarly journals The metabolic hormone leptin promotes the function of TFH cells and supports vaccine responses

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Deng ◽  
Qian Chen ◽  
Zhian Chen ◽  
Kaili Liang ◽  
Xin Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Affinity Maturation ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Vaccine Failure ◽  
Vaccine Responses ◽  
Follicular Helper ◽  
B Virus ◽  
And Function ◽  
Metabolic Hormone

AbstractFollicular helper T (TFH) cells control antibody responses by supporting antibody affinity maturation and memory formation. Inadequate TFH function has been found in individuals with ineffective responses to vaccines, but the mechanism underlying TFH regulation in vaccination is not understood. Here, we report that lower serum levels of the metabolic hormone leptin associate with reduced vaccine responses to influenza or hepatitis B virus vaccines in healthy populations. Leptin promotes mouse and human TFH differentiation and IL-21 production via STAT3 and mTOR pathways. Leptin receptor deficiency impairs TFH generation and antibody responses in immunisation and infection. Similarly, leptin deficiency induced by fasting reduces influenza vaccination-mediated protection for the subsequent infection challenge, which is mostly rescued by leptin replacement. Our results identify leptin as a regulator of TFH cell differentiation and function and indicate low levels of leptin as a risk factor for vaccine failure.

scholarly journals Low Immunogenicity of Intravesical Phage Therapy for Urogenitary Tract Infections

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 627
Author(s):  
Sławomir Letkiewicz ◽  
Marzanna Łusiak-Szelachowska ◽  
Ryszard Międzybrodzki ◽  
Maciej Żaczek ◽  
Beata Weber-Dąbrowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Urogenital Infections ◽  
Reliable Model ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Antibody Levels

Patients with chronic urinary and urogenital multidrug resistant bacterial infections received phage therapy (PT) using intravesical or intravesical and intravaginal phage administration. A single course of PT did not induce significant serum antibody responses against administered phage. Whilst the second cycle of PT caused a significant increase in antibody levels, they nevertheless remained quite low. These data combined with good therapy results achieved in some patients suggest that this mode of PT may be an efficient means of therapy for urogenital infections and a reliable model for a clinical trial of PT.

scholarly journals Induction of Mucosal Protection against Primary, Heterologous Simian Immunodeficiency Virus by a DNA Vaccine

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 3309-3317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Heydenburg Fuller ◽  
Premeela A. Rajakumar ◽  
Lawrence A. Wilson ◽  
Anita M. Trichel ◽  
James T. Fuller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Mucosal Protection ◽  
Mucosal Transmission ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

ABSTRACT An effective vaccine against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) should protect against mucosal transmission of genetically divergent isolates. As a safe alternative to live attenuated vaccines, the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine containing simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) strain 17E-Fr (SIV/17E-Fr) gag-pol-env was analyzed in rhesus macaques. Significant levels of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), but low to undetectable serum antibody responses, were observed following multiple immunizations. SIV-specific mucosal antibodies and CTL were also detected in rectal washes and gut-associated lymphoid tissues, respectively. Vaccinated and naive control monkeys were challenged intrarectally with SIV strain DeltaB670 (SIV/DeltaB670), a primary isolate whose env is 15% dissimilar to that of the vaccine strain. Four of seven vaccinees were protected from infection as determined by the inability to identify viral RNA or DNA sequences in the peripheral blood and the absence of anamnestic antibody responses postchallenge. This is the first report of mucosal protection against a primary pathogenic, heterologous isolate of SIV by using a commercially viable vaccine approach. These results support further development of a DNA vaccine for protection against HIV.

The Influence of Tonsillectomy on Total Serum Antibody Levels

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 377-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Pidelaserra Martí ◽  
K. G. Isdahl Mohn ◽  
R. J. Cox ◽  
K. A. Brokstad
Keyword(s):  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Antibody Levels

Low circulating Dickkopf-1 and its link with severity of spinal involvement in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Senolt ◽  
H Hulejova ◽  
O Krystufkova ◽  
S Forejtova ◽  
L Andres Cerezo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Bone Turnover Markers ◽  
Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Spinal Involvement ◽  
Turnover Markers ◽  
Dickkopf 1

ObjectiveDickkopf-1 (DKK-1) is an inhibitor of osteoblastogenesis, and its lower levels are linked to new bone formation. The aim of this study was therefore to explore serum levels of DKK-1 and to evaluate DKK-1's association with the severity of spinal involvement in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH).MethodsSerum levels of total and functional DKK-1 and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured in 37 patients with DISH and 22 healthy age and sex-matched controls. Plain radiographs of the cervical and thoracic spine were performed, and the diagnosis of DISH was defined using the Resnick criteria. Patients were divided into three groups based on spinal involvement. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers were evaluated in patients with DISH.ResultsThe levels of total serum DKK-1 were significantly lower in patients with DISH than in healthy controls (p<0.0001). Importantly, low serum levels of DKK-1 were associated with more severe spinal involvement in DISH, independent of age, sex, disease duration, CRP, bone turnover markers or BMD. However, these findings were less significant for functional DKK-1.ConclusionThese observations indicate that DKK-1 may play a significant role in bone formation during DISH.

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