431. Asymptomatic Latent Syphilis and Stroke in Geriatric Patients; Analysis of Routine Syphilis Tests

Abstract Background Increasing incidence of syphilis in the young to middle age population is a concern in Japan. Although stroke is a known complication of syphilis, it is unknown for asymptomatic latent syphilis (ALS). Our aim was to investigate the results of routine syphilis tests to find the association between stroke and ALS in geriatric patients. Methods This retrospective observational study included patients above 65 years of age who underwent the rapid plasma reagin (RPR) and treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay (TPHA) tests (Showa Medical Science, Kanagawa, Japan) as routine evaluation at an institute from August 2014 to February 2019. Asymptomatic patients with positive TPHA were diagnosed with ALS. Clinical data were collected, including the age, gender, history of stroke, underlying diseases, complications (thoracic aortic aneurysm, aortic regurgitation, dementia), habits, indication for syphilis test, and syphilis description in the medical records. Negative TPHA was the exclusion criterion. A multivariate analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors for stroke. All variables with P < 0.1 in the univariate analysis were evaluated using the multivariate model with the level of significance set at P < 0.05. Statistical analyses were performed using R version 3. 3. 1. Results A total of 10,117 geriatric patients underwent the syphilis test in the study period. The TPHA test was positive for 96 patients (0.95%), including 45 (46.9%) men, who were included in the study. The median age was 86 years (range: 65–102). The RPR test was positive for 51 cases (53.1%). The indications for syphilis test were syphilis screening for admission (n = 71), endoscopy (n = 16), health checkup (n = 3), and others (n = 6). No past treatment history for syphilis was found in the medical records. Syphilis descriptions were found for 6 patients (6.25%). One patient had been treated for ALS. A multivariate analysis revealed that positive RPR [odds ratio: 3.39; 95% confidence interval: 1.17 to 9.78; P = 0.0241] was associated with history of stroke. Conclusion For ALS in geriatric patients, positive RPR is associated with history of stroke. Medial evaluation about risk for stroke is necessary for ALS in geriatric patients. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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Evaluation of Exercise Capacity In Children with SCD by Six Minute Walk Test

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v116.21.2664.2664 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 116 (21) ◽

pp. 2664-2664

Author(s):

Caterina Minniti ◽

Shoaib Alam ◽

Gregory J. Kato ◽

Mehdi Nouraie ◽

Craig Sable ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Exercise Capacity ◽

Conflicts Of Interest ◽

Strong Predictor ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

History Of ◽

Rate Of Decline ◽

Changes Over Time ◽

Minute Walk

Abstract Abstract 2664 Background: The six-minute walk (6MW) test is used in pediatrics in clinical practice and research to determine cardiopulmonary functional status. A change in 6MW may be affected by factors not strictly related to cardiopulmonary function, which may be different in different patient populations. In children and adolescents, age and height has been found to be a strong predictor of 6MW distance. We set out to study the effects of hematological and echocardiographic variables on 6MW distance in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) and its changes over time. Methods: We reviewed prospectively collected hematological, 6MW distance, and echocardiographic data from four hundred children with SCD (including 311 Hb SS or β0) and 69 controls (including 21 Hb AS) enrolled in PUSH (Pulmonary Hypertension and the Hypoxic Response in SCD). Subjects were evaluated at baseline and after 18–24 months, as per protocol. An un-encouraged 6MW was performed in children 5 years or older by trained personnel as per the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society. Subjects were studied at steady state, at least three weeks after any acute exacerbation of SCD. We used ANOVA for univariate analysis and stepwise linear regression for multivariate analysis. Results: Median (interquartile range) 6MW in severe SCD genotype (SS and S-β0) was 444 (399-508) and in controls was 495 meters (435-539) (P = 0.0002), while it was 461 meters (408-518) in milder SCD genotypes (P=0.2 for comparison with severe genotypes) (Table 1). In multivariate analysis, Hb, WBC and history of frequent pain episodes were significantly associated to distance of 6MW. Follow up 6MW obtained in 174 SCD subjects revealed a decline of 10% or more in distance in 22% of subjects with severe genotypes and 33% of other genotypes. The decline was more frequent in the subset of SS subjects with TRV>2.59 (40% vs 19%). CONCLUSION: Six minute walk distance is significantly shorter in children with SCD, even as young as 5 years of age, when compared to age and race appropriate controls, indicating early compromise of exercise capacity. SS and S-β-0 genotype subjects have more impairment of exercise capacity compared to milder genotypes. Predictors of 6MW distance are similar in SCD and non SCD subjects, which validates the use of this test in this patient population. Longitudinal changes in subjects with SCD are similar, with declines in about a quarter of the subjects. Patients with SS who have an elevated TRV have the highest rate of decline in 6MW. These results validate the use of 6MW as a tool for assessing exercise capacity in children with SCD. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Prediction of Difficult Mask Ventilation

Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/00000542-200005000-00009 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 92 (5) ◽

pp. 1229-1236 ◽

Cited By ~ 519

Author(s):

Olivier Langeron ◽

Eva Masso ◽

Catherine Huraux ◽

Michel Guggiari ◽

André Bianchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Body Mass ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Positive Pressure ◽

Mask Ventilation ◽

Airway Patency ◽

Difficult Mask Ventilation ◽

History Of

Background Maintenance of airway patency and oxygenation are the main objectives of face-mask ventilation. Because the incidence of difficult mask ventilation (DMV) and the factors associated with it are not well known, we undertook this prospective study. Methods Difficult mask ventilation was defined as the inability of an unassisted anesthesiologist to maintain the measured oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry > 92% or to prevent or reverse signs of inadequate ventilation during positive-pressure mask ventilation under general anesthesia. A univariate analysis was performed to identify potential factors predicting DMV, followed by a multivariate analysis, and odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated. Results A total of 1,502 patients were prospectively included. DMV was reported in 75 patients (5%; 95% confidence interval, 3.9-6.1%), with one case of impossible ventilation. DMV was anticipated by the anesthesiologist in only 13 patients (17% of the DMV cases). Body mass index, age, macroglossia, beard, lack of teeth, history of snoring, increased Mallampati grade, and lower thyromental distance were identified in the univariate analysis as potential DMV risk factors. Using a multivariate analysis, five criteria were recognized as independent factors for a DMV (age older than 55 yr, body mass index > 26 kg/m2, beard, lack of teeth, history of snoring), the presence of two indicating high likelihood of DMV (sensitivity, 0.72; specificity, 0.73). Conclusion In a general adult population, DMV was reported in 5% of the patients. A simple DMV risk score was established. Being able to more accurately predict DMV may improve the safety of airway management.

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Imunopatogenesis Treponema pallidum dan Pemeriksaan Serologi

Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas ◽

10.25077/jka.v3i3.203 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Efrida Efrida ◽

Elvinawaty Elvinawaty

Keyword(s):

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Early Stage ◽

Transmitted Disease ◽

Treponema Pallidum ◽

Secondary Syphilis ◽

Major Health Problem ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Tertiary Syphilis ◽

History Of ◽

Latent Syphilis

AbstrakSifilis adalah penyakit menular seksual yang sangat infeksius, disebabkan oleh bakteri berbentuk spiral, Treponema pallidum subspesies pallidum. Penyebaran sifilis di dunia telah menjadi masalah kesehatan yang besar dengan jumlah kasus 12 juta pertahun. Infeksi sifilis dibagi menjadi sifilis stadium dini dan lanjut. Sifilis stadium dini terbagi menjadi sifilis primer, sekunder, dan laten dini. Sifilis stadium lanjut termasuk sifilis tersier (gumatous, sifilis kardiovaskular dan neurosifilis) serta sifilis laten lanjut. Sifilis primer didiagnosis berdasarkan gejala klinis ditemukannya satu atau lebih chancre (ulser). Sifilis sekunder ditandai dengan ditemukannya lesi mukokutaneus yang terlokalisir atau difus dengan limfadenopati. Sifilis laten tanpa gejala klinis sifilis dengan pemeriksaan nontreponemal dan treponemal reaktif, riwayat terapi sifilis dengan titer uji nontreponemal yang meningkat dibandingkan dengan hasil titer nontreponemal sebelumnya. Sifilis tersier ditemukan guma dengan pemeriksaan treponemal reaktif, sekitar 30% dengan uji nontreponemal yang tidak reaktifKata kunci: sifilis, Treponema pallidum, serologiAbstractSyphilis is a sexually transmitted disease that is highly infectious, caused by a spiral -shaped bacterium, Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum. The spread of syphilis in the world has become a major health problem and the common, the number of 12 million cases per year. Infectious syphilis is divided into early and late-stage syphilis. Early-stage syphilis is divided into primary, secondary, and early latent. Advanced stage of syphilis include tertiary syphilis (gumatous, cardiovascular syphilis, and neurosyphilis) and late latent syphilis. Primary syphilis is diagnosed by clinical symptoms of the discovery of one or more chancre (ulcer). Secondary syphilis is characterized by the finding of localized mucocutaneous lesions or with diffuse lymphadenopathy. Latent syphilis without clinical symptoms of syphilis with a nontreponemal and treponemal reactive examination, history of syphilis therapy in nontreponemal test titer increased compared with the results of previous nontreponemal titers. Tertiary syphilis is found guma with reactive treponemal examination, approximately 30% of the non- reactive nontreponemal testKeywords: syphilis, Treponema pallidum, serologi

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Incidence and Risk Factors for Bilateral Nephrolithiasis: A Large Case-retrospective Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-414196/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiong Yang ◽

Zhi Li ◽

Shiyong Qi ◽

Linguo Xie ◽

Qiduo Shi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Kidney Stones ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Renal Stones ◽

Urinary Stones ◽

Preoperative Imaging ◽

History Of

Abstract To determine the incidence and risk factors of bilateral kidney stones. Utilized the retrospective analysis method on demographic characteristics and clinical data of patients with renal stones in the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University. Grouped patients into unilateral and bilateral renal stones according to preoperative imaging and ultrasound examination. Univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to evaluate the factors that may cause bilateral stones. The study included 7587 patients with kidney stones in total, of whom 4983 had unilateral kidney stones (including 2719 left stones and 2264 right stones), and 2604 had bilateral kidney stones (34.3%). By comparing the unilateral stones group with the bilateral stones group, the univariate analysis demonstrated that weight, body mass index (BMI), history of nephrolithiasis, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, gout, and the maximal stone diameter had statistical significance. Binary logistic regression multivariate analysis demonstrated that BMI, history of nephrolithiasis, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, gout, and the maximal stone diameter were independent risk factors for bilateral urinary stones. This study shows that 34.3% of patients with kidney stones were diagnosed as having bilateral kidney stones; BMI and the maximal stone diameter are positively correlated with the incidence of bilateral kidney stones; Patients with a history of nephrolithiasis, diabetes, hypertension, and gout have a significantly higher risk of having bilateral kidney stones.

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Can negative ureteroscopy be predicted in ureteral stone treatment?

Canadian Urological Association Journal ◽

10.5489/cuaj.6026 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Mehmet Oguz Sahin ◽

Volkan Sen ◽

Bora Irer ◽

Guner Yildiz

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Ureteral Stones ◽

Imaging Procedure ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Small Stone ◽

Stone Treatment ◽

History Of ◽

Distal Localization

Introduction: We aimed to evaluate factors predictive of negative ureteroscopy (URS) in ureteral stones. Methods: Patients who underwent URS between January 2007 and June 2018 were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups; group 1: positive URS (841 patients) and group 2: negative URS (75 patients). These two groups were compared in terms of demographic data, stone characteristics, and postoperative outcomes. Results: The mean age of the study patients was 44.5±15.1 years. The absence of collecting system dilatation due to the present stone was found to be a significant predictive factor for negative URS in univariate analysis, but there was no significant difference in multivariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, low body mass index (BMI), no history of stone surgery, stone located in the distal ureter, small stone area, longer time between the last imaging procedure and URS, and medical expulsive therapy (MET) application were statistically significant in predicting negative URS. Conclusions: In this study, the parameters that significantly predicted negative URS were found to be low BMI, no history of stone surgery, distal localization of the stone, small stone area, longer time between the last imaging procedure and URS, and MET applied for the current stone. These parameters should be considered to avoid negative URS and patients should be informed of the possibility of negative URS prior to operation.

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Conjunctival melanoma: Risk factors for recurrent or new tumor in 540 patients at a single ocular oncology center

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/1120672120970393 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 112067212097039

Author(s):

Sarangdev Vaidya ◽

Lauren A Dalvin ◽

Antonio Yaghy ◽

Richard Pacheco ◽

Jerry A Shields ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Tumor Location ◽

Tumor Formation ◽

Older Age ◽

Conjunctival Melanoma ◽

Secondary Tumor ◽

Unit Increase ◽

History Of

Purpose: To investigate risk factors for recurrent or new tumor in patients with conjunctival melanoma. Methods: Retrospective review of patients with conjunctival melanoma managed on the Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital from 1974 to 2019. Results: There were 540 patients with mean follow-up of 57.6 months, of whom 176 (33%) had recurrent or new tumor formation. Risk factors for recurrent or new tumor on univariate analysis included presentation at older age (OR: 1.02 [1.01–1.03] per 1-year increase in age, p = 0.002), history of prior conjunctival surgery (OR: 1.62 [1.05–2.49], p = 0.03), worse visual acuity at presentation (OR: 1.76 [1.04–2.98] per 1 log-unit increase, p = 0.04), more advanced AJCC clinical T-subcategory (OR: 1.08 [1.02–1.14] per 1 subcategory increase, p = 0.01), tumor primary location in tarsal conjunctiva (OR: 1.80 [1.09–2.98], p = 0.02), and secondary tumor involvement of the fornix (OR: 1.68 [1.06–2.65], p = 0.03), and eyelid (OR: 1.92 [1.07–3.43], p = 0.03). Risk factors on multivariate analysis using all demographics, clinical features, and tumor location included presentation at older age (OR: 1.02 [1.00–1.03], p = 0.01), history of prior conjunctival surgery (OR: 1.84 [1.16–2.94], p = 0.01), and more advanced AJCC clinical T-subcategory (OR: 1.07 [1.01–1.13] per one subcategory increase, p = 0.03). Conclusion: On multivariate analysis, the strongest predictors of recurrent or new tumor formation following treatment of conjunctival melanoma included older age, history of prior conjunctival surgery, and advanced AJCC T-subcategory. These results suggest that earlier detection and the first surgery in conjunctival melanoma management are critical for prevention of recurrent or new tumor, and we recommend prompt referral to an experienced surgeon.

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Lesion stability characteristics outperform degree of stenosis in predicting outcomes following stenting for symptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis

Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery ◽

10.1136/neurintsurg-2014-011482 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 19-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M D Alexander ◽

D L Cooke ◽

P M Meyers ◽

M R Amans ◽

C F Dowd ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease ◽

Luminal Stenosis ◽

History Of ◽

Stroke Disability ◽

Technical Complication ◽

Symptom Type ◽

Substantial Morbidity

BackgroundIntracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) causes substantial morbidity and mortality. Treatment decisions have most commonly been driven by the degree of luminal stenosis. This study compares ICAD lesion stability features with percentage stenosis for associations with adverse outcomes following treatment with stents.Materials and methodsRetrospective analysis was performed of prospectively maintained procedure logs. Lesions were classified by symptom type as hypoperfusion, non-hypoperfusion, or indeterminate, and pretreatment asymptomatic intervals were noted. Hypoperfusion lesions and indeterminate or non-hypoperfusion lesions with ≥14 days of asymptomatic interval were classified as stable. Percentage stenosis was calculated and compared against these other symptom features for value in predicting technical complication, ischemic stroke, disability, or death at 90 days and 2 years using univariate and multivariate analysis.Results130 lesions were treated in 124 patients. The only statistically significant percent stenosis finding was lesions with 60–99% stenosis were less likely to have technical complications. In univariate analysis, stroke at 2 years was less common with hypoperfusion and stable lesions. In multivariate analysis, only hypoperfusion status was associated with lower stroke rates at 2 years.ConclusionsLesion stability features, particularly non-hypoperfusion symptomatology, outperform percentage stenosis in predicting outcomes following treatment of ICAD with stents. Further examination is needed to better classify the natural history of ICAD and more precisely classify lesion stability.

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Neurological impairment of children with history of prematurity and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi43.2.2003.59-65 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

Ida Bagus Subanada ◽

I Komang Kari ◽

Abdul Hamid

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Serum Albumin ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Neurological Impairment ◽

Unconjugated Bilirubin ◽

Albumin Concentration ◽

Serum Albumin Concentration ◽

Bilirubin Concentration ◽

History Of ◽

High Bilirubin

Background In premature infants, the incidence of hyperbiliru-binemia is still high. Bilirubin encephalopathy can develop withoutmarked hyperbilirubinemia.Objective To know the incidence of neurological impairment inpremature with hyperbilirubinemia and the association betweenneurological impairment and serum unconjugated billirubin con-centration.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 54 prematureswith history of hyperbilirubinemia and 54 without history of hyper-bilirubinemia born between 1997 and 1998 and discharged fromSanglah Hospital. Consecutive sampling was done. After univariateanalysis, multivariate analysis was used to identify the associationbetween serum unconjugated bilirubin concentration and neuro-logical impairment at the adjusted age of 318 months.Results There were statistically significant differences in mean ofage and neurological impairment between subjects with and with-out hyperbilirubinemia (p<0.0001 and 0.026). In subjects with hy-perbilirubinemia, univariate analysis showed significant differencesin means of serum unconjugated bilirubin concentration, gesta-tional age, birth weight, and serum albumin concentration betweensubject who had neurological impairment and who had no neuro-logical impairment with p = 0.005; 0.001; 0.002; <0.0001, respec-tively. Multivariate analysis found there were association betweenneurological impairment and serum unconjugated bilirubin concen-tration, gestational age, and serum albumin concentration withp<0.0001; 0.004; and <0.0001, respectively.Conclusion Neurological impairment in subject with hyperbiliru-binemia was greater than subject without hyperbilirubinemia. Se-rum unconjugated bilirubin concentration is one of three factorsthat associated with neurological impairment

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Confirmatory serological testing of blood donors positive on TPHA screening in Singapore

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1258/0956462971919237 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 760-763 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S S Wong ◽

D L T Teo ◽

R K W Chan

Keyword(s):

Blood Donors ◽

Congenital Syphilis ◽

Past History ◽

Treponema Pallidum ◽

Secondary Syphilis ◽

Serological Testing ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Blood Transfusion Service ◽

History Of ◽

Latent Syphilis

Summary: Seventy-two blood donors who were tested positive by the Singapore Blood Transfusion Service (SBTS) for Treponema pallidum haemagglutination (TPHA) test, were evaluated at the Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Clinic (DSC) between November 1994 to December 1996. All underwent syphilis serological testing, including rapid plasma reagin test (RPR), TPHA test and fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption (FTA-Abs) test. All except one (98.6%) were confirmed TPHA positive by the DSC. Of the 71 TPHA-confirmed-positive donors, 53 (74.6%) were subsequently tested positive for FTA-Abs and 18 (25.4%) were tested negative for FTA-Abs. Twenty-two (31%) of the 71 TPHA-positive blood donors had reactive RPR and 49 (69%) had non-reactive RPR. Of the 22 TPHA-positive donors who had reactive RPR, 19 (86%) had positive FTA-Abs (13 late latent syphilis, 4 serological scar, one late congenital syphilis, one secondary syphilis), and 3 (14%) had negative FTA-Abs (all late latent syphilis). Of the 49 TPHA-positive donors who had non-reactive RPR, 34 (69%) had positive FTA-Abs (24 late latent syphilis, 9 serological scar, one late congenital syphilis) and 15 (31%) had negative FTA-Abs (12 late latent syphilis, 2 serological scar, one false-positive TPHA). Only one TPHA-positive donor referred by the SBTS subsequently turned out to have negative syphilis serology at the DSC. Overall, 68 (95.8%) TPHApositive donors who had a past history of sexual exposure were managed as treated or untreated syphilis, regardless of their RPR or FTA-Abs results. However, FTAAbs was found to be useful in the management of 3 (4.2%) TPHA-positive blood donors in the absence of a history of sexual exposures.

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P1400ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MEAN SERUM MAGNESIUM LEVEL DURING THE FIRST 3 YEARS OF HEMODIALYSIS AND THE RISK OF SUBSEQUENT BONE FRACTURES

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.p1400 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽

Author(s):

Takayuki Fujii ◽

JUNYA KOSHIZAKA ◽

NOBUAKI YAMAUCHI ◽

MAYU MORIMOTO ◽

NORIKO TERASAKI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Phosphate Binder ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

Serum Magnesium ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Albumin Level ◽

Magnesium Level ◽

Serum Magnesium Level ◽

History Of ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background and Aims Serum magnesium levels are an important factor associated with vital prognosis, cardiovascular disease, and vascular calcification in hemodialysis patients. Moreover, low serum magnesium levels are reportedly associated with an increased risk of hip fractures. Previously we reported that mean magnesium level during the first 3 years of hemodialysis was associated with all-cause mortality in ERA-EDTA 2018. Here, we investigated whether mean magnesium level during the first 3 years of hemodialysis can predict fracture risk. Method A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 283 patients who started hemodialysis at our hospital between March 2004 and the present and who could be followed for at least 3 years or had a fracture within 3 years. To assess the association between mean serum magnesium level during 3 years after the start of hemodialysis or until fracture and fracture risk, a multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazard model with factors related to fractures as covariates, with all fractures such as hip fracture and spinal compression fracture as the outcome. Results The mean follow-up period was 6.1 years, and the mean age of patients was 64 years, with women accounting for 31%. Of all 283 patients, 62 developed fractures. A univariate analysis of factors associated with fractures revealed that high serum magnesium level was a significant fracture suppressor (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.31 [0.12–0.73]). Multivariate analysis conducted with significant factors in univariate analysis (mean serum albumin level, serum phosphorus level, hemoglobin level, C-reactive protein level, age, history of heart disease, history of bone fractures, and use or nonuse of phosphate binder during the 3 years) as the covariates revealed that the serum magnesium level was not significantly associated with bone fractures (HR: 0.95 [0.33–2.78]), whereas, old age, history of fractures, low albumin level, high CRP level, and nonuse of phosphate binder were significantly associated with fractures. Conclusion Serum magnesium levels during 3 years after the initiation of hemodialysis did not predict the risk of subsequent fractures, whereas a high level of inflammatory response, malnutrition, and nonuse of phosphate binder did.

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