scholarly journals Minimally Invasive Bilateral Anterior Cingulotomy via Open Minicraniotomy Using a Novel Multiport Cisternoscope: A Cadaveric Demonstration

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-225
Author(s):  
Sunil Manjila ◽  
Benoit Rosa ◽  
Margherita Mencattelli ◽  
Pierre E Dupont
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Electrode Placement ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Navigational Cues ◽  
Interhemispheric Fissure ◽  
Cadaver Testing ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Abstract BACKGROUND Bilateral anterior cingulotomy has been used to treat chronic pain, obsessive compulsive disorder, and addictions. Lesioning of the target area is typically performed using bilateral stereotactic electrode placement and target ablation, which involves transparenchymal access through both hemispheres. OBJECTIVE To evaluate an endoscopic direct-vision lesioning using a unilateral parasagittal minicraniotomy for minimally invasive bilateral anterior cingulotomy using a novel multiport endoscope through the anterior interhemispheric fissure. METHODS A novel multiport magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-compatible neuroendoscope prototype is used to demonstrate cadaveric cingulate lesioning through a lateral imaging port while simultaneously viewing the pericallosal arteries as landmarks through a tip imaging port. The lateral port enables extended lesioning of the gyrus while rotation of the endoscope about its axis provides access to homologous areas of both hemispheres. RESULTS Cadaver testing confirmed the capability to navigate the multiport neuroendoscope between the hemispheres using concurrent imaging from the tip and lateral ports. The lateral port enabled exploration of the gyrus, visualization of lesioning, and subsequent inspection of lesions. Tip-port imaging provided navigational cues and allowed the operator to ensure that the endoscope tip did not contact tissue. The multiport design required instrument rotation in the coronal plane of only 20° to lesion both gyri, while a standard endoscope necessitated a rotation of 54°. CONCLUSION Multiport MRI-compatible endoscopy can be effectively used in cisternal endoscopy, whereby a unilateral parasagittal minicraniotomy can be used for endoscopic interhemispheric bilateral anterior cingulotomy.

scholarly journals A thinner cortex predicts a better response to CBT

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Neural Markers ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Research on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify neural markers that might predict a child’s response to treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Regional Cortical Volumes Following Stereotactic Anterior Cingulotomy

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott L. Rauch ◽  
Nikos Makris ◽  
G. Rees Cosgrove ◽  
Hackjin Kim ◽  
Edwin H. Cassem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Negative Findings ◽  
The Face ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that orbitofrontal cortical volume would be reduced following anterior cingulotomy for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Whole brain cortical parcellation was performed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from nine patients, before and 9(±6) months following anterior cingulotomy. No significant volumetric reductions were found in the orbitofrontal cortex. Exploratory findings of reduced volume in ventral temporo-fusiform and posterior cingulate regions were consistent with chance differences, in the face of multiple comparisons. Therefore, though the circumscribed lesions of anterior cingulotomy have recently been associated with corresponding volumetric reductions in the caudate nucleus, no comparable volumetric reductions are evident in cortical territories. Taken together, these results are most consistent with a model of cingulo-striatal perturbation as a putative mechanism for the efficacy of this procedure. While limitations in sensitivity may have also contributed to these negative findings, the methods employed have previously proven sufficient to detect cortical volumetric abnormalities in OCD. The current results may reflect a relatively diffuse pattern of cortico-cortical connections involving the neurons at the site of cingulotomy lesions. Future functional neuroimaging studies are warranted to assess possible cortical or subcortical metabolic changes associated with anterior cingulotomy, as well as predictors of treatment response.

scholarly journals Brain Activation of Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder During a Mental Rotation Task: A Functional MRI Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanghoon Oh ◽  
Wi Hoon Jung ◽  
Taekwan Kim ◽  
Geumsook Shim ◽  
Jun Soo Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
The Relationship

Functional neuroimaging studies have implicated alterations in frontostriatal and frontoparietal circuits in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) during various tasks. To date, however, brain activation for visuospatial function in conjunction with symptoms in OCD has not been comprehensively evaluated. To elucidate the relationship between neural activity, cognitive function, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, we investigated regional brain activation during the performance of a visuospatial task in patients with OCD using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Seventeen medication-free patients with OCD and 21 age-, sex-, and IQ-matched healthy controls participated in this study. Functional magnetic resonance imaging data were obtained while the subjects performed a mental rotation (MR) task. Brain activation during the task was compared between the two groups using a two-sample t-test. Voxel-wise whole-brain multiple regression analyses were also performed to examine the relationship between obsessive-compulsive symptom severity and neural activity during the task. The two groups did not differ in MR task performance. Both groups also showed similar task-related activation patterns in frontoparietal regions with no significant differences. Activation in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in patients with OCD during the MR task was positively associated with their total Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) scores. This study identified the specific brain areas associated with the interaction between symptom severity and visuospatial cognitive function during an MR task in medication-free patients with OCD. These findings may serve as potential neuromodulation targets for OCD treatment.

Obsessive Musical Hallucinations in a Schizophrenia Patient: Psychopathological and fMRI Characteristics

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 153-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Bleich-Cohen ◽  
Talma Hendler ◽  
Artashes Pashinian ◽  
Sarit Faragian ◽  
Michael Poyurovsky
Keyword(s):  
Schizophrenia Patient ◽  
Auditory Hallucinations ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The Brain

AbstractObsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) are relatively common and clinically significant phenomena in schizophrenia patients, suggesting the existence of a separate schizo-obsessive subgroup of the disorder. Although a majority of schizo-obsessive patients have typical ego-dystonic OCS, a meaningful proportion exhibits diagnostically challenging psychopathological phenomena, psychotic in content and obsessive in form. We report the clinical and functional magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of a schizophrenia patient who developed auditory hallucinations with musical content and obsessive in form. We suggest that “obsessive musical hallucinations”, that integrate both psychotic and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)-related features, may be mediated by the brain networks believed to be involved in OCD and in auditory musical hallucinations.

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