scholarly journals Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Melle Jan Kromhout
Keyword(s):  
Noise Reduction ◽  
Communication Theory ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Media Archaeology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Sound Media

The introduction discusses the tightly interwoven relation between noise, sound, and media and explains why studying the noise of sound media from a media theoretical perspective offers novel ways to rethink the “sound” specific to sound media. After briefly assessing some relevant recent literature, it describes three distinct but historically interrelated concepts of noise: the sonic, physical, and communicational concepts that developed in the context of, respectively, sound and music, physics and engineering, and information and communication theory. By subsequently introducing the book’s main concepts—the myth of perfect fidelity, the logic of noise reduction, the noise resonance of sound media, and the logic of filtering—the introduction explains how a media archaeology analysis of noise can enrich the understanding of the ways in which sound technologies over the past one hundred forty years have shaped the sound of music.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Tweedie
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
Media Archaeology ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Heritage Industry ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

This chapter introduces the concept of the “archaeomodern” and its connection to the aging of the quintessential modern medium of film. It sketches the historical and cultural background of the archaeomodern turn in the late twentieth century, including the development of an obsession with the past in the heritage industry and the rise of postmodernism. It then discusses two phenomena from the 1980s and 1990s—a mannerist or baroque revival, and the development of media archaeology—that complicate the habitual association between tradition and the past or modernity and the future. The introduction suggests that archaeomodern cinema was characterized by the return to failed or abandoned modern experiments and other relics from the modern past.

scholarly journals Web 2.0 vs. the Semantic Web: A Philosophical Assessment

Episteme ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Floridi
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Clear Explanation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Future ◽  
Information And Communication

ABSTRACTThe paper develops some of the conclusions, reached in Floridi (2007), concerning the future developments of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and their impact on our lives. The two main theses supported in that article were that, as the information society develops, the threshold between online and offline is becoming increasingly blurred, and that once there won't be any significant difference, we shall gradually re-conceptualise ourselves not as cyborgs but rather as inforgs, i.e. socially connected, informational organisms. In this paper, I look at the development of the so-called Semantic Web and Web 2.0 from this perspective and try to forecast their future. Regarding the Semantic Web, I argue that it is a clear and well-defined project, which, despite some authoritative views to the contrary, is not a promising reality and will probably fail in the same way AI has failed in the past. Regarding Web 2.0, I argue that, although it is a rather ill-defined project, which lacks a clear explanation of its nature and scope, it does have the potentiality of becoming a success (and indeed it is already, as part of the new phenomenon of Cloud Computing) because it leverages the only semantic engines available so far in nature, us. I conclude by suggesting what other changes might be expected in the future of our digital environment.

scholarly journals Reframing Professional Development Through Understanding Authentic Professional Learning

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 702-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Webster-Wright
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Educational Research ◽  
Professional Learning ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Alternative Conceptualization ◽  
Professional Development Programs ◽  
Evaluating Professional Development

Continuing to learn is universally accepted and expected by professionals and other stakeholders across all professions. However, despite changes in response to research findings about how professionals learn, many professional development practices still focus on delivering content rather than enhancing learning. In exploring reasons for the continuation of didactic practices in professional development, this article critiques the usual conceptualization of professional development through a review of recent literature across professions. An alternative conceptualization is proposed, based on philosophical assumptions congruent with evidence about professional learning from seminal educational research of the past two decades. An argument is presented for a shift in discourse and focus from delivering and evaluating professional development programs to understanding and supporting authentic professional learning.

Communication Theory and Training Approaches for Multiculturally Diverse Organizations: Have Academics and Practitioners Missed the Connection?

2001 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marguerite Arai ◽  
Maryanne Wanca-Thibault ◽  
Pamela Shockley-Zalabak
Keyword(s):  
Communication Theory ◽  
Diversity Training ◽  
Multicultural Training ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Common ◽  
Multiculturally Diverse ◽  
And Training

While a number of articles have looked at the importance of multicultural training in the workplace over the past 30 years, there is little concrete agreement that documents the common fundamental elements of a “successful” diversity initiative. A review of the training literature suggests the importance of human communication theory and practice without including important research, methodologies, and practice from the communication discipline. This article examines formal diversity approaches, provides examples from the literature of several successful diversity initiatives in larger organizations, identifies the limited use of communication-based approaches in diversity training, and discusses the importance of integrating communication theory and practice in future training efforts.

scholarly journals Global nutrient transport in a world of giants

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 868-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher E. Doughty ◽  
Joe Roman ◽  
Søren Faurby ◽  
Adam Wolf ◽  
Alifa Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Nutrient Transport ◽  
Anadromous Fish ◽  
Upward Movement ◽  
The Past ◽  
Large Animals ◽  
Continental Interior

The past was a world of giants, with abundant whales in the sea and large animals roaming the land. However, that world came to an end following massive late-Quaternary megafauna extinctions on land and widespread population reductions in great whale populations over the past few centuries. These losses are likely to have had important consequences for broad-scale nutrient cycling, because recent literature suggests that large animals disproportionately drive nutrient movement. We estimate that the capacity of animals to move nutrients away from concentration patches has decreased to about 8% of the preextinction value on land and about 5% of historic values in oceans. For phosphorus (P), a key nutrient, upward movement in the ocean by marine mammals is about 23% of its former capacity (previously about 340 million kg of P per year). Movements by seabirds and anadromous fish provide important transfer of nutrients from the sea to land, totalling ∼150 million kg of P per year globally in the past, a transfer that has declined to less than 4% of this value as a result of the decimation of seabird colonies and anadromous fish populations. We propose that in the past, marine mammals, seabirds, anadromous fish, and terrestrial animals likely formed an interlinked system recycling nutrients from the ocean depths to the continental interiors, with marine mammals moving nutrients from the deep sea to surface waters, seabirds and anadromous fish moving nutrients from the ocean to land, and large animals moving nutrients away from hotspots into the continental interior.

Intramyocellular fat storage in metabolic diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Laurens ◽  
Cedric Moro
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Lipid Storage ◽  
Muscle Lipid ◽  
The Past ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Lipid ◽  
Ectopic Lipid Storage

AbstractOver the past decades, obesity and its metabolic co-morbidities such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) developed to reach an endemic scale. However, the mechanisms leading to the development of T2D are still poorly understood. One main predictor for T2D seems to be lipid accumulation in “non-adipose” tissues, best known as ectopic lipid storage. A growing body of data suggests that these lipids may play a role in impairing insulin action in metabolic tissues, such as liver and skeletal muscle. This review aims to discuss recent literature linking ectopic lipid storage and insulin resistance, with emphasis on lipid deposition in skeletal muscle. The link between skeletal muscle lipid content and insulin sensitivity, as well as the mechanisms of lipid-induced insulin resistance and potential therapeutic strategies to alleviate lipotoxic lipid pressure in skeletal muscle will be discussed.

Summer of Discontent: Economic Rivalry among Elite Factions during the Late Porfiriato in Yucatán

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert M. Joseph ◽  
Allen Wells
Keyword(s):  
Regional Economy ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
The Political ◽  
Regional Studies ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
Central State ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Family Networks ◽  
Local Elites ◽  
The Past

The past decade has witnessed a rich harvest of regional studies of the Mexican Porfiriato. There are two predominant currents in the recent literature. One group of scholars has focused attention on the political sphere, examining the process whereby the Porfirian central state increased its power at the expense of the regional peripheries. Invariably, the federal cause was advanced by Don Porfirio's ability to manipulate local factional struggles, playing off contending parentescos or élite family networks. Another group of historians has explored the external dimension of the Porfirian regional economy, examining patterns of cooperation and conflict between local élites and foreign investors. The contradictory nature of such transnational alliances and their impact on non-élite groups have now been analyzed for several important Porfirian regions.

scholarly journals Dam Safety: Hazards Created by Human Failings and Actions

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-107
Author(s):  
Nasrat Adamo ◽  
Nadhir Al-Ansari ◽  
Varoujan Sissakian ◽  
Jan Laue ◽  
Sven Knutsson
Keyword(s):  
Remote Control ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Dam Safety ◽  
Industrial Control ◽  
Safety Hazards ◽  
The Past ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Normal Human

Dam Safety and dam incidents are treated here looked at from the “Human Factors” perspective. An attempt is made to explore these factors as an important drive in impairing dams’ safety and increases their risks. Distinction is drawn between the “Normal Human Caused Incidents” and the “Extraordinary Human Caused Incidents” together with the description of their root origins and subsequent consequences. The first type includes unintentional mistakes, errors and flaws committed by the operators of dams inadvertently, in addition to negligence, lack of experience or overconfidence. Such failings can happen in manual operation of dams, or through the use of their Supervision, Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems as in industrial control system (ICS). They can occur also due to flaws in software or even in the application of information and communication technology (ICT) in remote control operations. As for the second group; the extraordinary human factors, they are defined here as those committed by man with the full understanding of their possible damage. They are done purposely for destabilizing dams after thoughtful and carefully meditated decision making process and they are manifested in acts of war, sabotage and terrorists actions. In this modern age, these acts are characteristics of hackers’ attacks on dam(s) operating systems. This is done through the use of cyberspace by the widespread interconnected digital technology with the accompanying advances in the communication technologies. As such, these technologies have made remote control of such systems possible. Not limited to this, dams remain now, as they were always in the past, the obvious targets in wars and conflicts to inflict losses on the enemy and to use them as weapons, and for terrorism actions for challenging governments. Examples of the aforementioned threats are described with examples given from real cases to elucidate the dangers involved. Lessons to be learned from these incidents are derived and recommendations are presented to be followed to avoid risky situations.

scholarly journals A Review of Market Segmentation and Inefficiencies of the Chinese Stock Market

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Shuang Feng ◽  
Jon Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Market Segmentation ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Chinese Stock Market ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Calendar Effects ◽  
Market Inefficiencies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Market Inefficiency

The Chinese stock market is an emerging market that has gained much importance over the past few decades. Because of this, it also serves as a great subject for studying market inefficiencies and anomalies. In this paper we provide a review of evidence regarding the development, efficiency and integration of the Chinese stock market. In particular, we review recent literature in the areas of market segmentation, cross-listings and calendar effects. This provides evidence of market inefficiency in China. We also pose questions that can be answered in future studies.

scholarly journals Aurones: A Golden Resource for Active Compounds

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Ilaria Mazziotti ◽  
Giovanni Petrarolo ◽  
Concettina La Motta
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Biological Pathways ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
The Past ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Functional Point ◽  
Chemical Strategies

Deemed as poorly represented in nature, aurones have been often overlooked by researchers compared to other members of the flavonoid superfamily. However, over the past two decades, they have been reassessed by the scientific community, who are increasingly appreciating their ability to modulate several biological pathways. This review summarizes the recent literature on this class of compounds, which has been analyzed from both a chemical and a functional point of view. Original articles, reviews and editorials featured in Pubmed and Scifinder over the last twenty years have been taken into account to provide the readers with a view of the chemical strategies to obtain them, their functional properties, and their potential of technological use. The resulting comprehensive picture aims at raising the awareness of these natural derivatives as effective drug candidates, fostering the development of novel synthetic analogues.

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