Sosipatra as a Wife, Mother, and Widow

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-72
Author(s):  
Heidi Marx
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
The World ◽  
Early Adult Life ◽  
Eastern Empire

This chapter explores what Sosipatra’s late adolescent/early adult life might have been from her betrothal to Eustathius to the time when she began teaching in Pergamum. It describes family life for someone such as Sosipatra. It will endeavor to answer questions such as what her household responsibilities would have been, what difficulties and dangers she may have faced in bringing her children into the world and bringing them up, what role might she have played in their education, and so forth. It uses what is known from the late ancient eastern Empire about adolescence, betrothal, marriage, childbirth and childrearing, and widowhood to weave a plausible picture of the life of Sosipatra.

Crises of Later Adolescence and Early Adult Life

1972 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray Boyce
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Crossing Over ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Crisis Situation ◽  
Early Adult Life ◽  
Very High

The records of two hundred and twenty patients aged 16 to 25 who were seen during the years 1965, 1966, 1967 and 1968 reveal that those aged 20 to 21 were most frequently seen, and there was almost equal distribution as to sex. The crisis situation in each case was defined and classified with the following major categories emerging: 1) difficulty in separating from original home and parents, 2) difficulty in attaining, keeping or tolerating a courting partner, a mate, a pregnancy or children, 3) difficulty in working at any job or as a student, 4) difficulty in establishing an identity, 5) difficulty in handling loss, hostility or gross rejection. The largest group was made up of those having difficulties with respect to a courting partner and establishing a satisfying relationship with a mate. There was a very high proportion of females within this group. Repeatedly, the need to influence parents became obvious, crossing over many of the categories and underscoring the desirability of more meaningful family life and interaction.

scholarly journals PINK1 deficiency impairs adult neurogenesis of dopaminergic neurons

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Brown ◽  
Ibrahim Boussaad ◽  
Javier Jarazo ◽  
Julia C. Fitzgerald ◽  
Paul Antony ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Neurogenesis ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Lineage Tracing ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Early Effect ◽  
Early Adult Life

AbstractRecent evidence suggests neurogenesis is on-going throughout life but the relevance of these findings for neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) is poorly understood. Biallelic PINK1 mutations cause early onset, Mendelian inherited PD. We studied the effect of PINK1 deficiency on adult neurogenesis of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in two complementary model systems. Zebrafish are a widely-used model to study neurogenesis in development and through adulthood. Using EdU analyses and lineage-tracing studies, we first demonstrate that a subset of ascending DA neurons and adjacent local-projecting DA neurons are each generated into adulthood in wild type zebrafish at a rate that decreases with age. Pink1-deficiency impedes DA neurogenesis in these populations, most significantly in early adult life. Pink1 already exerts an early effect on Th1+ progenitor cells rather than on differentiated DA neurons only. In addition, we investigate the effect of PINK1 deficiency in a human isogenic organoid model. Global neuronal differentiation in PINK1-deficient organoids and isogenic controls is similar, but PINK1-deficient organoids display impeded DA neurogenesis. The observation of impaired adult dopaminergic neurogenesis in Pink1 deficiency in two complementing model systems may have significant consequences for future therapeutic approaches in human PD patients with biallelic PINK1 mutations.

The constancy of parent-offspring similarity of total cholesterol throughout childhood and early adult life

1984 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 833-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Greenberg ◽  
Philip P. Green ◽  
Katherine J. Roggenkamp ◽  
Elizabeth Barrett-Connor ◽  
Herman A. Tyroler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Early Adult Life

Tethered-flight and Age-related Reproductive Performance of Helicoverpa punctigera (Wallengren) and H. armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Coombs
Keyword(s):  
Adult Life ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Tethered Flight ◽  
Flight Capacity ◽  
Early Adult Life ◽  
Adult Lives ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Adult Food

Flight capacity of female and male moths was age dependent in both H. punctigera and H. armigera using a tethered-flight technique. In H. punctigera, flight capacity increased from the first night following emergence up to Night 4, and was maintained at least until Night 10. In H. armigera, a peak in flight capacity occurred on Night 4, followed by a decline with increasing age. Long-flying moths (> 5 h duration) were evident in both species from the night following emergence. Attainment of reproductive maturity was rapid in both species, with 91% of H. punctigera and 77% of H. armigera ovipositing by Night 3. Hence, the increase in flight capacity recorded for both species during early adult life is coincident with the onset of reproductive activity. Both species retain the capacity for extensive inter-crop and inter-regional movement throughout most of the reproductive phase of their adult lives. Neither successful mating or the absence of adult food sources influenced flight capacity during early adult life.

scholarly journals Adolescent schizophrenia

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Hollis
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Early Presentation ◽  
Cautious Approach ◽  
Chronic Disorder ◽  
Early Adult Life ◽  
Relative Rarity

Schizophrenia is a devastating chronic disorder that typically presents in early adult life and impacts on a broad swathe of social and psychological functioning. It is not surprising that psychiatrists have tended to be circumspect about making this ominous diagnosis in children and adolescents. Genuine concerns about the validity of applying ‘adult’ psychotic diagnoses in this young age group, together with the lack of diagnosis-specific interventions, have suggested a cautious approach to diagnosis. Furthermore, the relative rarity of schizophrenia in this age group has meant that most psychiatrists have relatively little experience with ‘atypical’ early presentation of the disorder.

scholarly journals The Little Professor: Reflection on the Structure, Development and Evolution of the Adult in the Child

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tânia Elizabeth Caetano Alves
Keyword(s):  
Personality Trait ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Structure Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Life Script ◽  
Development And Evolution

According to the concept of the Life Script, developed by Eric Berne, the fate of each individual is sketched in the early years of life. The subdivision of Child Ego State, known as Adult in the Child or Little Professor, is responsible for decoding the world throughout intuition and analogical thought and, thus, in one way or another, having physical and emotional survival guaranteed. The purpose of this article is to qualify and recognise the Adult in the Child and its relevance in the construction of personality trait, by studying the anatomical, physiological and emotional scenario in which the Adult in the Child develops itself. The author suggests that the peculiar stamina and wisdom held in the Adult in the Child may be present in adult life in a positive manner, even if the events that structured it were dramatic.

scholarly journals Adeloye-Odeku Disease in Irrua, South-South Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 431-437
Author(s):  
E. Morgan ◽  
C. O. Okwumezie ◽  
G. C. Akasike ◽  
E A. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Dermoid Cyst ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Anterior Fontanelle ◽  
Group Counselling ◽  
Health Institution ◽  
The World ◽  
Rare Lesion ◽  
Slow Growing

First described in a publication by two Nigerian Neurosurgeons, Adeloye A and Odeku EL, in 1971, Adeloye-Odeku disease is a solitary congenital subgaleal inclusion dermoid cyst of the anterior fontanelle. This rare lesion, which makes up about 0.1-0.5% of all cranial tumours and 0.2% of all inclusion cysts, was initially thought to be found only in Africans. However, further reports have shown it to have a universal occurrence, as it has been reported in Caucasians, Chinese, Indians, and other part of the world. This lesion is also known as Congenital inclusion dermoid cyst (CIDS), is a benign slow-growing lesion, and if untreated, may persist to adult life. This article gives a highlight of the disease and its management and goes further to report 3 cases of this rare benign lesion seen in Irrua, South-South Nigeria, a rural, low-resource tertiary health institution. Incidentally and interestingly, all three cases presented within three consecutive months (January-March, 2019) at the neurosurgery outpatient clinic. Being uncomplicated cases, private and group counselling was done. The parents of the patients were much more reassured and relieved from their anxieties seeing others with similar problem. They were all worked up for surgery at different dates, had excision of the cysts with no complication and are currently being followed at the outpatient clinic. 

scholarly journals OR28-01 Constitutive Activation of NRF2 Antioxidant Response Leads to Age-Dependent Goiter and Compensated Hypothyroidism in Male Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dionysios Chartoumpekis ◽  
Panos Ziros ◽  
Cédric Renaud ◽  
Massimo Bongiovanni ◽  
Ioannis Habeos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Diffuse Goiter ◽  
Early Adult Life

Abstract Background: Familial non-toxic multinodular goiter (MNG) is a rare disease. KEAP1 gene (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1) that encodes the main inhibitor of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related transcription factor 2 (Nrf2), a central mediator of antioxidant responses, has been found to be one of the mutated genes that lead to familial MNG. The proposed association of KEAP1 with familial MNG is based on only two loss-of-function mutations in respective Japanese families, only one of which included proper phenotyping and demonstration of co-segregation of phenotype and mutation. To date, there is no experimental evidence from model organisms to support that decreased Keap1 levels can cause goiter. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that enhanced Nrf2 signaling induced by loss of Keap1 function in mice can lead to goiter. Methods: To this end, male Keap1 hypomorphic C57BL/6J mice that express ~80% less Keap1 in their tissues (Keap1 knockdown mice:“Keap1KD”) were studied at 3 and 12 months of age and compared to wild-type mice (WT). Plasma, thyroids and pituitary glands were collected for assessment of thyroid function by radioimmunoassays and for histology as well as gene and protein expression by quantitative PCR and immunoblotting respectively. Results: Keap1KD showed diffuse goiter that began to develop in early adult life and became highly prominent at the age of 12 months when the thyroids of Keap1KD were 6-fold heavier than WT. Histomorphometry assessment of thyroids showed that Keap1KD had ~3-fold larger follicle area and colloid compartment but no thyroid nodules or hyperplasia was detected. Keap1KD also showed primary hypothyroidism already in early adult life that was eventually well-compensated over time by increased TSH levels (at age of 12 months: WT TSH=47.7±9.1 mU/L, Keap1KD TSH=460±74 mU/L). This was also reflected in the pituitary gland of Keap1KD where Tshb mRNA was ~3-fold higher than WT. Despite a known stimulatory effect of Nrf2 on Tg gene transcription and Tg protein abundance, these measures were decreased in the thyroid of Keap1KD mice. No clear patterns were observed in the expression profiles of other thyroid hormone synthesis-specific factors, such as Duox1, Duoxa1, Duox2, Duoxa2, Tpo, Nis, Dio1, Dio2, Dehal1 mRNA levels, with the exception of Tg-processing and Tg-degrading cathepsins, including an increase in mature forms of cathepsins D, L and S. Conclusions: Keap1KD mice showed age-dependent diffuse goiter and compensated hypothyroidism. The precise mechanism accounting for the thyroidal phenotype remains to be elucidated, but it may involve enhanced Tg solubilization and excessive lysosomal Tg degradation. This study unravels novel roles of the druggable Keap1/Nrf2 pathway in thyroid function and economy. Subclinical hypothyroidism in Keap1KD mice may have broader implications regarding their use in metabolic research.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document