Causativity in Southern Peninsular Spanish

2019 ◽  
pp. 181-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ángel L. Jiménez-Fernández ◽  
Mercedes Tubino-Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Syntactic Variation ◽  
Peninsular Spanish ◽  
Intransitive Verbs ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Spanish Dialects

The different patterns of the direct (i.e., lexical) causativization exhibited by intransitive verbs are a fundamental topic in the lexical semantics area. The possibilities and restrictions observed in the causativization of intransitives have always triggered divisions in their classification beyond the classical unergative-unaccusative distinction. Spanish is an interesting language in which to explore the limits between possibilities and constraints regarding this phenomenon, given the syntactic variation exhibited by its different dialects. This chapter focuses on variation in the form of contrasts between intransitive predicates that resist lexical causativization in Standard Spanish, such as caer “fall” and entrar “go in,” but allow it in certain Southern Peninsular Spanish dialects such as Andalusian, looking at the relationship between such patterns and other phenomena such as the eventive structure obtained as a consequence of the composition of the verbs under study and other syntactic elements such as reflexive se.

scholarly journals 'Parecen que lo olvidan': Plurals did it again

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-96
Author(s):  
María Mare ◽  
Enrique Pato
Keyword(s):  
Active Role ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Case Theory ◽  
Formal Properties ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Spanish Dialects

The distribution of DDPP in raising constructions –depending on the embedded clause’s formal properties– has been essential for Case Theory and movement. Likewise, the behavior of DDPP, according to agreement facts, has given rise to relevant discussions about the kind of movement involved (A-Movement/A’-Movement). Nevertheless, this distribution is not so clear in certain Spanish dialects, which shows a double agreement effects. It means that the embedded verb as well as the raising verb (parecer ‘to seem’) present inflectional number (and person) morphology: Parece-n que lo olvida-n (seem.3PL that it forget.3PL ‘They seem to forget him’). The analysis of the data in these varieties allows us to define many characteristics which are relevant from a descriptive and a theoretical point of view. Descriptively, it is possible to identify some notable particularities, with respect to the position of the DP, which triggers agreement and the interaction of these constructions with dative experiencers as well (Me parece que... ‘It seems to me that...’). From a theoretical point of view, these data have consequences for approaches on agreement, on the relationship between Case and movement, and on the discussion regarding the Experiencer Paradox in Spanish. Additionally, they allow us to identify a new empirical domain in which a DP plural number feature has an active role in the Probe-Goal domain.

Hebrew Poetry and the Appositive Style: Parallelism, Requiescat in pace

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 617-648
Author(s):  
Robert D. Holmstedt
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Traditional Model ◽  
Teaching Resources ◽  
Hebrew Poetry ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Verse Structure

AbstractMichael O’Connor (whose 1980 opus, Hebrew Verse Structure, provides a compelling linguistically grounded description of the poetic line) has called the endurance of Lowthian parallelism a “horror” that wreaks havoc on lexical semantics and “is beyond the comprehension of any sensitive student of language.” Why does a model known to be a descriptive failure for a century persist in teaching resources and commentaries? It is because nothing compelling has risen to replace it. O’Connor’s linguistic analysis of the line offered the first piece to replacing the traditional model, but O’Connor’s model was more compelling for the structure of the poetic line than for the relationship of lines. In this study I take up interlineal syntax and offer an analysis that compliments and completes O’Connor’s approach, allowing us to provide a proper burial for the admirable but ultimately unworkable Lowthian parallelism.

Spanish nasal assimilation revisited: A cross-dialect electropalatographic study

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexei Kochetov ◽  
Laura Colantoni
Keyword(s):  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Yale University ◽  
Cuban Spanish ◽  
Place Assimilation ◽  
Peninsular Spanish ◽  
Spanish Dialects

AbstractThis study employs electropalatography to investigate the implementation of nasal assimilation in two Spanish dialects (Argentinian and Cuban) that differ in the realization of word-final nasals as alveolar or velar. 5 speakers of Argentian and 3 speakers of Cuban Spanish were presented with various utterances containing nasals followed by labial, coronal, and dorsal stops and fricatives under two stress conditions. Results revealed that place assimilation of nasals was consistently accompanied by stricture assimilation. The process was generally categorical, that is, the final alveolar or velar nasal adopted the articulation of the following consonant. Nasal + fricative sequences, however, showed a somewhat different behavior: occasional blocking of nasal assimilation before non-coronals, consistent gradient nasal assimilation before coronals (Argentinian), or categorical/gradient strengthening of post-nasal obstruents (Cuban). Overall, the results are largely consistent with Honorof's (Articulatory gestures and Spanish nasal assimilation, Yale University Ph.D. dissertation, 1999) study of Peninsular Spanish and together provide evidence for dialect-specific grammars of assimilation, which nevertheless share certain general principles of gestural organization.

scholarly journals VERBA BERENDONIM INDRA PENGLIHATAN DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA : KAJIAN LINGUISTIK KOGNITIF DAN SEMANTIK LEKSIKAL

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Nuny Sulistiany Idris
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Schematic Representation ◽  
Mental Space ◽  
Representation Scheme ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

AbstrakIndra penglihatan merupakan salah satu organ tubuh yang penting untuk manusia sehingga dihasilkan berbagai varian verba berendonim indra penglihatan, akan tetapi penelitian tentang hal ini sangat terbatas. Melalui penelitian ini yang menggunakan teori linguistik kognitif dan semantik leksikal diperoleh bahwa (1) verba berendonim indra penglihatan yang paling banyak digunakan adalah verba yang berhubungan dengan aktivitas sehari-hari yang paling sering dilakukan dan semakin tinggi pendidikan seseorang, semakin banyak digunakan varian verba berendonim indra penglihatan, sebaliknya semakin rendah pendidikan seseorang semakin sedikit varian verba yang digunakannya; (2) skema representasi verba berendonim indra penglihatan mengambarkan hubungan antara makna verba ini dengan pemaparannya pada kamus dan penggunaannya pada kehidupan sehari-hari; dan (3) kognisi menentukan ranah penggunaan verba berendonim indra penglihatan dengan cara menghubungkan ruang mental dengan pengalaman indrawi penuturnya.Kata-kata kunci: Endonim, skema representasi, kognisi, ranah AbstractThe sense of sight is one of the vital organs for humans to produce many variants of verbs sight endonym;however, research on this area is very limited. Using the theory of cognitive linguistics and lexical semantics, this study reveals that the most widely usedverbsof sight endonym are the ones associated with most frequently performed daily activities; the higher the education, the more variants of the verbsused, and vice versa.It also indicatesthe schematic representation of the verbs of sight endonym reflects the relationship between the meaningsand descriptions of the verbsin a dictionary and their use in everyday life; and the domain of cognition determines use of the verbs by linking mental space with the sensory experience of the speaker.Keywords: endonym, representation scheme, cognition, domain

scholarly journals Estonian Middle Semantics with Evidence from Discourse

Nordlyd ◽  
10.7557/12.29 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Virve-Anneli Vihman
Keyword(s):  
Middle Voice ◽  
Discourse Patterns ◽  
Discourse Pragmatics ◽  
Intransitive Verbs ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Middle Constructions

This paper presents arguments for recognizing a middle voice in Estonian. The claim that the semantics of middle-marked verbs differs in a substantial way from the semantics of other intransitive constructions leads to the examination of the discourse pragmatics of these constructions, and the relationship between discourse patterns and their valency and argument properties. Various topicality measures show that the argument participant in middle clauses lies between that of the sole participant (S) in intransitive clauses and the O of active transitive clauses. The results regarding the discourse behaviour of middle arguments constitute new evidence for the view that middle constructions differ from ordinary intransitive verbs, despite structural similarities, and mark a unique range on the scale of transitivity exhibited by verbs in Estonian.

Word Grammar Morphology

2018 ◽  
pp. 326-345
Author(s):  
Nikolas Gisborne
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Language Structure ◽  
Theory Of Language ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter presents an overview of the Word Grammar theory of morphology. Word Grammar is a theory of language structure which has been in development since the early 1980s, with robust results especially in syntax and lexical semantics. Word Grammar has developed analyses of various morphological phenomena, from clitics to Semitic infixation, all within a theory which articulates clearly with other domains of grammar, such as syntax, and which has a well-developed account of the relationship between language and human cognition. Word Grammar is a cognitive, declarative model, which dispenses with covert elements and movement; the morphological dimensions of the theory are in the Word and Paradigm tradition.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Ángel J. Gallego
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Syntactic Variation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Unexplored Area ◽  
American Spanish ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
The One ◽  
Spanish Dialects

This introduction offers a summary of the antecedents, goals, and prospects of the present volume. On the one hand, it emphasizes the important role of this collection of papers. It’s the first attempt to provide a global characterization of the syntactic variation of Spanish dialects. This is a very rich, but largely unexplored, area of inquiry, a situation that is probably due to a combination of various factors: lack of theoretical tools, interest in more easily observable (lexical, phonetic, or morphological) differences, etc. On the other hand, it introduces chapters that show varying and complementary formal approaches to the study of the syntactic phenomena of both American Spanish and European Spanish dialects.

scholarly journals Arguments or macroroles? : Two functional approaches to Old English quirky case

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Martín Arista ◽  
Laura Caballero González
Keyword(s):  
Old English ◽  
Argument Structure ◽  
Internal Variables ◽  
Motion Verbs ◽  
Case Marking ◽  
Intransitive Verbs ◽  
The Relationship

After comparing two functional approaches to the question of Old English deviant accusatives, genitives and datives, this paper follows Martín Arista (2001a, b) with respect to Old English prototypical verbal constructions: the prototypical transitive construction is defined as the active accomplishment version of verbs like writan 'write', the activity implementation of creation and consumption verbs representing the less-prototypical transitive construction; the active accomplishment use of verbs such as faran 'go' characterize the prototypical intransitive construction, whereas the activity version of motion verbs define the less-prototypical intransitive construction. The conclusion is reached that quirky case is not a feature of the morphosyntax of certain intransitive verbs of state and causative state, but a characteristic of verbal constructions that, deviating from both the transitive and the intransitive prototypes, show not only case-marking irregularity but also more case-marking choices than verbs that abide by the transitive or intransitive prototype. Since marked morphosyntax -including quirky case- is considered in this paper a consequence of the non-prototypical character of argument structure, it is claimed that the relationship between canonical lexical templates and their configurations should be semantically and syntactically motivated. The Principle of Lexical Template Instantiation guarantees the suitable degree of implementation of a lexical template by stipulating that, prototypically, all the internal variables of the instantiations of lexical templates are fully specified

The Syntactic Variation of Spanish Dialects

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Word Order ◽  
Short Range ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Syntactic Variation ◽  
Differential Object Marking ◽  
Spanish Syntax ◽  
Object Marking ◽  
Spanish Dialects

This collective volume offers an up-to-date and comprehensive state-of-the-art presentation of the research that has been done in the syntactic variation of Spanish dialects, taking into account both European and American varieties. In so doing, this book seeks to set the boundary conditions for subsequent investigations on the different manifestations of Spanish syntax and its geographic contours, a very rich (though largely neglected) area of inquiry. Such investigations should ideally lead us not only to pin down the short-range microparameters of Spanish but also to explore its similarities with other languages (closely related or not) and, ultimately, to understand the variation margins that the faculty of language offers. The volume is divided into two parts, each of them dealing with varieties of Europe and America. Empirically, the different chapters cover a wide set of syntactic phenomena and constructions, such as agreement, clitics, doubling, expletives, word order, differential object marking, pro-drop, and more. All in all, this book represents not only an important contribution in the study of Spanish syntax, but also the beginning of a new wave of formal studies of dialectal syntax.

Using language as related stimuli for concept generation

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
IVEY CHIU ◽  
L.H. SHU
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Direct Object ◽  
Concept Generation ◽  
Reasoning Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hierarchical Relationships ◽  
Intransitive Verbs ◽  
The Relationship

This paper examines the use of language, specifically verbs, as stimuli for concept generation. Because language has been shown to be important to the reasoning process in general as well as to specific reasoning processes that are central to the design process, we are investigating the relationship between language and conceptual design. The use of language to facilitate different stages of the design process has been investigated in the past. Our previous work, and the work of others, showed that ideas produced can be expressed through related hierarchical lexical relationships, so we investigated the use of verbs within these hierarchical relationships as stimuli for ideas. Participants were provided with four problems and related verb stimuli, and asked to develop concepts using the stimuli provided. The stimuli sets were generated by exploring verb hierarchies based on functional words from the problem statements. We found that participants were most successful when using lower level (more specific) verbs as stimuli, and often higher level general verbs were only used successfully in conjunction with lower level verbs. We also observed that intransitive verbs (verbs that cannot take a direct object) were less likely to be used successfully in the development of concepts. Overall, we found that the verb chosen as stimulus by the participant directly affects the success and the type of concept developed.

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