Rethinking Labor Demand

2020 ◽  
pp. 174-194
Author(s):  
Phillip Brown
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Labor Demand ◽  
Occupational Structure ◽  
Life Chances ◽  
Orthodox Theory ◽  
Investments In Education ◽  
And Training

This chapter turns to questions of labor demand at the heart of the new human capital. It rejects Gary Becker’s claim that orthodox theory offered an entirely new way of looking at labor markets, where the main focus is on labor scarcity and a skills competition, in which individuals, firms, and nations compete on differential investments in education and training. It also rejects David Autor’s claim that the issue is not that middle-class workers are doomed by automation and technology, but instead that human capital investment must be at the heart of any long-term strategy for producing skills that are complemented by rather than substituted for by technological change. The chapter argues that the new human capital rejects the view that demand issues can be resolved through a combination of technological and educational solutions. Rather a jobs lens is required to shed new light on changes in the occupational structure, transforming the way people capitalize on their education, along with the distribution of individual life chances.

scholarly journals A Probe into the Oriented Management Mode of "Human Resource Return"

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Fan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Human Capital Investment ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Management Mode ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
And Training

At the present stage, each big enterprise bases itself on the human resource inside the enterprise, increases the human capital investment one after another, pays attention to the human capital investment and the talented person education and training. This paper analyzes how the return on human capital investment is realized in the enterprise and how the enterprise realizes the highest return on human capital investment.

scholarly journals Population and Economic Growth Under Different Growth Engines

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Bucci ◽  
Xavier Raurich
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Human Capital Investment ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Long Run

Abstract Using a growth model with physical capital accumulation, human capital investment and horizontal R&D activity, this paper proposes an alternative channel through which an increase in the population growth rate may yield a non-uniform (i.e., a positive, negative, or neutral) impact on the long-run growth rate of per-capita GDP, as available empirical evidence seems mostly to suggest. The proposed mechanism relies on the nature of the process of economic growth (whether it is fully or semi-endogenous), and the peculiar engine(s) driving economic growth (human capital investment, R&D activity, or both). The model also explains why in the long term the association between population growth and productivity growth may ultimately be negative when R&D is an engine of economic growth.

Education, Divorce, and Household Income Inequality in Hong Kong

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Chim Richard Wong
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Divorce Rates ◽  
The Government ◽  
Income Dispersion ◽  
Early Childhood Students

Education is the most important determinant of income dispersion among individuals and, indirectly, among households. Government policy should place human capital investment at the center of its strategy to reduce poverty and enhance inter- generational mobility. Rising divorce rates should be given far more attention as a growing source of poverty that impedes intergenerational mobility. Investing in the children of poor and broken families is the best policy to reduce long-term income inequality. Society should provide additional subsidies and support to students from these families as an investment in their human capital, especially during their early childhood. Students with ability should be offered scholarships to study in the best schools. The government does not have to fund everything, but it should take the lead to encourage private contributions for this purpose.

scholarly journals The Influence of Regional Resident Human Capital Investment on Income Gap Based on the perspective of population migration

2021 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
pp. 01028
Author(s):  
Mingfei Ding ◽  
Jinsong Pei
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Human Capital Investment ◽  
Population Migration ◽  
Income Gap ◽  
Test Population ◽  
Positive Effect

With the development of China’s economic level and transportation, China’s population migration scale is constantly enhanced, population migration investment way of human capital investment, has a greater impact on the income level of residents. This paper analyzes the mechanism of population migration’s influence on the income gap and research achievements of predecessors, then on the basis of the eight regional division, has analyzed china area ask migration scale and the present situation of the income gap, and finally by constructing panel data model, the empirical test population migration’s influence on regional smell of resident’s income gap. Finally, it is found that investment in population migration has a long-term positive effect on the income gap.

The Patterns Behind Change

Capital Women ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 21-58
Author(s):  
Jan Luiten
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Institution Building ◽  
Marriage Pattern ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Late Medieval Period ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Property Transfers

This chapter argues that the European Marriage Pattern (EMP) played a fundamental role in western Europe’s economic development. The EMP emerged in northwestern Europe in the late medieval period as a result of the Catholic Church’s promotion of marriage based on consensus, the rise of labor markets, and specific institutions concerning property transfers between generations that encouraged wage labor by women. This combination of factors resulted in a demographic regime embedded in a highly commercial environment, in which households interacted frequently with labor, capital, and commodity markets. The authors also discuss possible long-term consequences for human capital formation and institution building, which are elaborated upon in later chapters of the book.

scholarly journals The Texas Drilling Boom and Local Human Capital Investment

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (02) ◽  
pp. 199-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Wesley Carpenter ◽  
David Anderson ◽  
Rebekka Dudensing
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Secondary Schooling ◽  
Oil Drilling ◽  
Oil Boom ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Wage Effects ◽  
High School Dropout Rates

AbstractResearchers and citizens alike question the long-term impacts of the shale oil boom on local communities. Studies have considered the boom’s effects on employment, income, mobility, and human capital acquisition. This research specifically builds on research considering shale effects on secondary schooling. Using county-level data from Texas, we investigate two questions: (1) Has the latest oil boom led to a reduction in local high school graduation? (2) Is this effect different for immigrants, a group potentially vulnerable to local wage effects? Findings indicate insignificant overall effects; however, local oil drilling increases immigrant high school dropout rates.

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