Concepts of the activation of intellectual and innovative determinants for the development intensification of regional economic systems

The article considers modern patterns of development of the regional economy, which require the formalization of new methodological tools to enhance development. The analysis of theories and concepts of intensification of regional economic development allowed to distinguish theories of innovative development, diffusion of innovations and orthodox theory of innovations based on the concepts of technocratic and cyclical development. On the basis of the described theories the sequence of adaptation of concepts to the theory of creative economy is formulated. It is substantiated that the factor and resource of modern development of regional economic systems is intelligence. To ensure the effectiveness of the concept of creative economy in regulating the development of the region's economy, it is necessary to create infrastructure and conditions for creating new knowledge and innovative technologies, ensure education and competence of the population to generate and commercialize creativity and motivation to participate in economic growth.

A Keynesian reformulation of the WS-PS model: Keynesian unemployment and Classical unemployment

The orthodox theory of wage negotiations considers that the trade union monopoly causes a rigidity of real wages which is, itself, the cause of unemployment. The model of this negotiation ("Nash bargaining") only considers situations where negotiations between union and firm succeed. In this article, we attempt to read the WS-PS model from a Keynesian point of view. Our model reflects the fact that successful negotiation is only one case among other situations, including failure where the union expresses a claim that is not necessarily satisfied. Although, in situations close to full employment, there is a bargaining mechanism by which unions and firms reach an agreement, this is not the case in times of massive unemployment. In the latter situation, employment is unilaterally determined by firms, on the basis of previous demand.

KVL and KCL verification by cotton conductive yarn resistor instead of carbon resistor fixation with Ag nanoparticles for sustainable e-textiles application

This paper parades the effectiveness of conductive yarn resistor instead of carbon resistor by verifying the Kirchhoff’s voltage (KVL) & current (KCL) law. This research work enlightens about the sustainability of e-textiles on account of presenting characteristics of this conductive yarn resistor. Resistor is one of the most useful materials in the electrical laboratories. Generally resistor is made by carbon. Using carbon resistor is pernicious for our environment, society & cost. It is known that sustainability is the concerned area at present. Sustainable e-textile is one of the major need in material science .This quest indicates that point to boggle sustainable e-textile by inventing conductive yarn resistor verifying with most orthodox theory of Kirchhoff’s voltage & current laws. KVL and KCL are the most prominent theory in electrical science. Summation of KVL and KCL will be zero in any closed loop in this theory. The summation of KVL is also zero here and summation of KCL is also zero here. It can justify Kirchoff’s KVL & KCL theory.

Rethinking Labor Demand

This chapter turns to questions of labor demand at the heart of the new human capital. It rejects Gary Becker’s claim that orthodox theory offered an entirely new way of looking at labor markets, where the main focus is on labor scarcity and a skills competition, in which individuals, firms, and nations compete on differential investments in education and training. It also rejects David Autor’s claim that the issue is not that middle-class workers are doomed by automation and technology, but instead that human capital investment must be at the heart of any long-term strategy for producing skills that are complemented by rather than substituted for by technological change. The chapter argues that the new human capital rejects the view that demand issues can be resolved through a combination of technological and educational solutions. Rather a jobs lens is required to shed new light on changes in the occupational structure, transforming the way people capitalize on their education, along with the distribution of individual life chances.

The Mirage of Opportunity

This chapter shows how orthodox theory has contributed to the destruction of the neoliberal opportunity bargain, and how it has become part of the problem rather than a policy solution. Beyond stagnant, if not declining incomes, there are three further symptoms, namely, credential inflation, elite closure, and a narrowing of academic purpose to “education as employability.” Credential inflation is at the heart of a human capital currency crisis given a decline in the exchange value of credentials. The goal posts move with almost every graduation ceremony, and the rules of the game change as employers look beyond credentials in making their hiring decisions. Many people are being priced out of the market not because they are stupid or lack ambition but because they do not have the resources to stay in an extended competition; at the same time, elites are using their social advantage to win a competitive advantage by monopolizing elite institutions and accessing international networks.

Winners and Losers

This chapter asks who wins and who loses in the distribution of credentials, jobs, and wages. Orthodox theorists argue that human capital is the most important form of capital in modern economies, so by investing in education individuals can earn the returns on their rising productivity. This led to the view that knowledge workers would be the key beneficiaries of today’s economy, as they would supersede traditional capitalists as wealth creators. This chapter presents evidence of who have been the real winners and losers in Becker’s “age of human capital.” It shows how rates of return reflect social inequalities in class, gender, and ethnicity. This analysis challenges three key tenets of orthodox theory.

Starting Principles

This chapter presents an alternative theory of human capital. It rejects orthodox accounts based on labor scarcity and the idea that people are in a skills competition. With this in mind, the chapter outlines a different approach built on the starting premise that twenty-first-century economies are characterized by job scarcity. It first considers job scarcity and some of its implications for the development of an alternative theory of human capital. The chapter then looks at why translating human behavior into capital is different from other forms of capital assets and why the foundations of individual economic welfare under market capitalism are inherently insecure. Next, an alternative understanding of the self is presented, after which the chapter recognizes the fundamental inequalities in opportunities to develop individual capabilities. Finally, the chapter highlights the socioeconomic foundations of human capital, rejecting the overarching model of neoliberal economics from which orthodox theory derives.

A Revisionist History

This chapter reconsiders a number of the as if assumptions that shaped the orthodox theory and policy initiative developed around the world. It argues that these as if assumptions need to be rejected at a time when the increasing competition for decent jobs in both developed and emerging economies has resulted in a narrowing of freedom. Within this context, people need to invest more time and effort jumping through more and higher hoops in order to stay in the competition. This is a manifestation of the “impossible pressures” put on people in today’s global economy. The chapter contends that this has narrowed rather than extended human freedom as predicted by the orthodox approach. An urgent need therefore exists to present a radically different interpretation of human flourishing under conditions of economic and social transformation.