Old Age Pensions

2020 ◽  
pp. 411-416
Author(s):  
Richard B. Collins ◽  
Dale A. Oesterle ◽  
Lawrence Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Pension Fund ◽  
The State ◽  
Time Section ◽  
General Fund ◽  
Pension Income ◽  
Old Age Pensions ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Over Time

This chapter assesses Article XXIV of the Colorado Constitution, which provides for old age pensions. A 1936 citizens’ initiative added the article to set up the Old Age Pension Fund in the state treasury and entitle the fund to specified revenues. A 1956 initiative amended the article to raise pension revenues, increase pensions, and add a health and medical care fund. It also allows surplus revenue to be used for other purposes. Section 3 sets qualifications for entitlement to a pension. Litigation and statutes have changed eligibility rules over time. Section 6 defines pension amounts, reduced by other retirement or pension income. In practice, because of availability of other pensions, the system has operated with surpluses paid into the general fund.

scholarly journals THE CURRENT TAX SITUATION OF OCCUPATIONAL PENSIONS AND PAN‐EUROPEAN PENSION FUNDS

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Gerhard Mudrack
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Pension Fund ◽  
Pension Funds ◽  
Member States ◽  
Occupational Pensions ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Tax Relief ◽  
Old Age Pensions ◽  
Domestic Companies

The main tax obstacle to the functioning of pan‐European pension funds is the exclusion from tax relief of cross‐border contributions. Many Member States have eliminated this obstacle or have announced that they will do this soon. The few Member States which may wish to continue the discrimination against foreign funds may find it very difficult to explain to the ECJ why they cannot do what so many other Member States already have. The conclusion of this article is, therefore, that for most situations, the main tax obstacle for pan‐European pension funds will be eliminated after the implementation date of the Pension Fund Directive, that was by 23 September 2005. The Pension Fund Directive includes the assumptions for a cross‐border activity of company pension funds. Among the existing national regulations of the setting of the systems of old age pensions the member states have to allow domestic companies in line with the Pension Fund Directive to be institution of foreign pension funds, which are licensed in other member states.

La participación de la Oficina del Trabajo en la configuración del sistema de previsión social chileno, 1909-1925

2018 ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Daniel Ahumada Benítez ◽  
Alejandro Salas Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Pension Fund ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
The State ◽  
Security System ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Security Fund ◽  
Set Up

ResumenEl objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el rol que tuvo la Oficina del Trabajo en la formulación de las normativas legales que crearon las primeras instituciones de previsión social en Chile entre 1909 y 1925. Se plantea que la Oficina del Trabajo tuvo un rol activo y fundamental en la creación del sistema de previsión social que se configuró para 1925, al ser partícipe de las discusiones y diseño de las leyes y reglamentos que rigieron estas instituciones de seguridad social, que fueron la Caja de Ahorro de los Ferrocarriles del Estado (1911), con su reformulación (1918), Caja del Seguro Obrero (1924), Caja de Empleados Particulares (1924) y Caja de Empleados Públicos y Periodistas (1925). Las fuentes provienen principalmente del Fondo de la Dirección del Trabajo del Archivo Nacional de la Administración y del Boletín de la Oficina del Trabajo, además de otras publicaciones periódicas.AbstractThe objective of this paper is to analyze the Labor Office role in formulating the legal regulations that created the first social security institutions in Chile between 1909 and 1925. It is argued that the Labor Office played an active and fundamental role in creating the social security system, set up for 1925, since it participated in discussions and designing of laws and regulations governing the first social security institutions, which were the State Railways’ Savings Fund (1911) and its reformulation (1918), the Worker Security Fund (1924), the Private Employee Pension Fund (1924) and the Civil Servants and Press Staff Pension Fund (1925). Sources are mainly from the Labor Directorate Fund of the National Administration Archive and the Labor Office Bulletin, as well as other material.Keywords: Labor Office, welfare funds, social security, State social intervention.ResumoO objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a função que teve o Escritório do Trabalho na formulação das normativas legais que criaram as primeiras instituições de previdência social no Chile entre 1909 e 1925. Propõe-se que o Escritório do Trabalho teve um papel ativo e fundamental na criação do sistema de previdência social que se configurou para 1925, ao participar das discussões e do desenho das leis e regulamentos que regeram às primeiras instituições de segurança social, as quais foram a Caixa Econômica dos Transportes Ferroviários do Estado (1911) e sua reformulação (1918), Caixa de Seguro Operário (1924), Caixa de Empregados Particulares (1924) e Caixa de Empregados Públicos e Jornalistas (1925). As fontes provieram principalmente do Fundo da Direção do Trabalho do Arquivo Nacional da Administração e do Boletim do Escritório do Trabalho, além de outras publicações periódicas.Palavras-chave: Escritório do Trabalho, caixas de previdência, segurança social, intervenção social do Estado. 

scholarly journals ASURANSI SYARIAH SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF INVESTASI

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Humaeroh Humaeroh
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
The State ◽  
Health Protection ◽  
General Fund ◽  
The Core ◽  
The People ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Muslim Intellectuals ◽  
Protection Property

Insurance takes the leading sectors in modern economic world. Most economic theorists argue that the core of insurance is formed on eliminating uncertain risk of loss for a group of people facing similar problems, and paying premiums on a general fund that is a compensation of losses caused by any member and all risks do not get the same costs in insurance. The Uncertaintychance and speculation caused a reaction among religious scholars and Muslim intellectuals. The beginning of Sharia insurance in Indonesia is a phenomenon that should be raised, in view of theinsurance development in the country isgenerally still under the progress achieved in other countries, especially the ratio of Muslims populationin Indonesia with the number of policyholders are still less balanced. Awareness of the importance of insurance for the people of Indonesia is not evenly distributed. They still think that saving in the bank is much more secure than being an insurance participant.Lack of socialization about insurance by the state and insurance institutions is one of the factors of infamous insurance that can provide life protection, property protection, health protection, protection of education, protection of old age and so forth..

BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES FOR FINANCING THE OLD-AGE LABOR PENSION

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 63-79
Author(s):  
E. V. SOKOLOV ◽  
◽  
E. V. KOSTYRIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Pension Fund ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Increase Labor Productivity ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost

The paper presents a project for organizing the transition of Russian citizens to the financing of an old-age labor pension using personalized pension accounts. On the basis of the simulation model of the financial provision of the old-age labor pension, a simulation of the accumulation of financial resources in the accounts of citizens was performed, proving the effectiveness of the development. It is shown that due to the funds accumulated on a personalized pension account, the amount of monthly pension provision of the employee increases annually, which encourages citizens to increase labor productivity, and the state-to reduce contributions to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, which reduces the cost of production at all enterprises in Russia and contributes to their accelerated development.

Sufficiency Certification of Initiative Signatures in Oklahoma

1937 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Cortez A. M. Ewing
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
The State ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
State Constitutions ◽  
State Constitution ◽  
Conflicting Interests ◽  
Old Age Pensions ◽  
Direct Legislation

The establishment of equitable rules whereby the constitutional rights of affected interests may be protected against arbitrary invasion from laws adopted by the electorate under the reserved legislative powers of the initiative and referendum remains the most important procedural question in the whole field of direct legislation. In reserving the authority to initiate constitutional and statutory measures without the approval or consent of the popular assembly, and to enact such measures through the medium of a popular referendum, the popular sovereign has created a mechanic of legislation coördinate in authority with the legislature. But in erecting barriers against fraudulent and corrupt practices upon the part of those engaged in the initiation of proposed measures, the state constitutions and laws present the possibility of obstructionist tactics by opponents of the proposals and undue delay in the presentation of the measures to the electorates for decision. The recent political imbroglio in Oklahoma over the adoption of an old-age-pensions amendment to the state constitution emphasizes the difficulties of reconciling these conflicting interests.

La participación de la Oficina del Trabajo en la configuración del sistema de previsión social chileno, 1909-1925

2018 ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Daniel Ahumada Benítez ◽  
Alejandro Salas Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Pension Fund ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
The State ◽  
Security System ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Security Fund ◽  
Set Up

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el rol que tuvo la Oficina del Trabajo en la formulación de las normativas legales que crearon las primeras instituciones de previsión social en Chile entre 1909 y 1925. Se plantea que la Oficina del Trabajo tuvo un rol activo y fundamental en la creación del sistema de previsión social que se configuró para 1925, al ser partícipe de las discusiones y diseño de las leyes y reglamentos que rigieron estas instituciones de seguridad social, que fueron la Caja de Ahorro de los Ferrocarriles del Estado (1911), con su reformulación (1918), Caja del Seguro Obrero (1924), Caja de Empleados Particulares (1924) y Caja de Empleados Públicos y Periodistas (1925). Las fuentes provienen principalmente del Fondo de la Dirección del Trabajo del Archivo Nacional de la Administración y del Boletín de la Oficina del Trabajo, además de otras publicaciones periódicas.AbstractThe objective of this paper is to analyze the Labor Office role in formulating the legal regulations that created the first social security institutions in Chile between 1909 and 1925. It is argued that the Labor Office played an active and fundamental role in creating the social security system, set up for 1925, since it participated in discussions and designing of laws and regulations governing the first social security institutions, which were the State Railways’ Savings Fund (1911) and its reformulation (1918), the Worker Security Fund (1924), the Private Employee Pension Fund (1924) and the Civil Servants and Press Staff Pension Fund (1925). Sources are mainly from the Labor Directorate Fund of the National Administration Archive and the Labor Office Bulletin, as well as other material.Keywords: Labor Office, welfare funds, social security, State social intervention.ResumoO objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a função que teve o Escritório do Trabalho na formulação das normativas legais que criaram as primeiras instituições de previdência social no Chile entre 1909 e 1925. Propõe-se que o Escritório do Trabalho teve um papel ativo e fundamental na criação do sistema de previdência social que se configurou para 1925, ao participar das discussões e do desenho das leis e regulamentos que regeram às primeiras instituições de segurança social, as quais foram a Caixa Econômica dos Transportes Ferroviários do Estado (1911) e sua reformulação (1918), Caixa de Seguro Operário (1924), Caixa de Empregados Particulares (1924) e Caixa de Empregados Públicos e Jornalistas (1925). As fontes provieram principalmente do Fundo da Direção do Trabalho do Arquivo Nacional da Administração e do Boletim do Escritório do Trabalho, além de outras publicações periódicas.Palavras-chave: Escritório do Trabalho, caixas de previdência, segurança social, intervenção social do Estado.

scholarly journals Training National and Vocational Women: Characteristics of Curriculum of Female Secondary Education in Colonized Manchuria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Wenwen Wang
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Japanese Empire ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Chinese Girls ◽  
Over Time

Background: The Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo (1932-1945) set up a specialized curriculum and published textbooks specifically for girls, with the purpose of training girls to become “good wives and wise mothers”. Over the course of the state’s existence, the regime adjusted its curriculum, following the policies and needs of the Japanese Empire. This paper assesses how the government changed the curriculum, focusing on and what kind of female roles they tried to teach to the Chinese girls. Methodology: This paper compares and analyzes the content and classroom hours of the curriculum of public women’s secondary schools in Manchuria in three periods: 1) 1926-1937, 2) 1938-1941, and 3) 1941-1945. The data of this study was collected from material published by the Fengtian Female Normal School, and the Manchukuo provincial education magazine Fengtian Education. Results: From the state’s earliest period, Manchukuo education officials emphasized females’ “natural duty” as “Good Wives, Wise Mothers.” Over time, however, they also increasingly emphasized learning the Japanese language, vocational skills, and patriotic content, in order to serve the goals of Japan during the World War II. Conclusion: Despite the consistent rhetoric which emphasized women becoming mothers, and possibly teachers, the curriculum and contents of the education changed according to the interests of the state and the needs of the war, encouraging women to serve the state by taking up some of the roles that men had played.

scholarly journals FEATURES RESEARCH EXPERTISE IN CASES CONCERNING THE DETERMINATION OF THE AMOUNT OF THE ACTUAL EXPENDITURES OF THE PENSION FUND FOR THE PAYMENT AND DELIVERY OF OLD-AGE PENSIONS ASSIGNED ON PREFERENTIAL BASIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-402
Author(s):  
I. Savchenko
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Pension Fund ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Old Age Pensions ◽  
The Right ◽  
Pension Payments ◽  
Expert Practice

This article discusses the theoretical and practical aspects of the features of forensic-economic examinations related to documentary evidence of calculations of the actual costs of the Pension Fund for the payment and delivery of preferential pensions. One of the important issues related to the indicated studies is the validity of calculating the costs of reimbursing pension payments and including in this calculation surcharges, allowances and increases that are intended in accordance with the legislation of Ukraine and are paid from other sources than the funds of the Pension Fund. The article analyzes the regulatory legal acts of Ukraine, which regulate the procedure for reimbursement by the Pension Fund body of the actual costs of payment and delivery of old-age pensions assigned on preferential terms. The categories that are entitled to the granting of old-age pensions on preferential terms are determined, the differences in the calculation of preferential length of service are indicated. including during the period of work in elected posts, during the passage of military service and study for a specialty that gives the right to a pension. It was clarified which of the costs incurred by the Pension Fund of Ukraine are not refundable and indicated the need to determine the monthly amount of the pension, which is refundable. It is noted that the calculation includes the actual expenses incurred by the territorial bodies of the Pension Fund for which these pensions were assigned. The theoretical and practical aspects of conducting such forensic examinations presented in the article can be used in expert practice in order to optimize expert research.

WORKING-CLASS EXPERIENCE AND STATE SOCIAL WELFARE, 1908–1914: OLD AGE PENSIONS RECONSIDERED

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARTIN PUGH
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Social Reform ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The State ◽  
Post Office ◽  
Old Age Pensions

The debate over the popularity or otherwise of state social reform has been inhibited by the lack of contemporary sources. This article seeks to advance our understanding of working-class experience of the 1908 pensions scheme by utilizing the material in Post Office archives and the local press. It argues that the scheme was implemented in ways calculated to reassure the beneficiaries, that it promoted the independence of the elderly, that it reached more people than is usually thought, and that it helped to modify popular attitudes towards the state.

Patient Scheduling — (Bibliography)

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 112-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. O. Köhler ◽  
G. Wagner ◽  
U. Wolber
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Medical Informatics ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Patient Scheduling ◽  
Individual Scientist ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Literature ◽  
Current Systems

The entire field of information processing in medicine is today already spread out and branched to such an extent that it is no longer possible to set up a survey on relevant literature as a whole. But even in narrow parts of medical informatics it is hardly possible for the individual scientist to keep up to date with new literature. Strictly defined special bibliographies on certain topics are most helpful.In our days, problems of optimal patient scheduling and exploitation of resources are gaining more and more importance. Scientists are working on the solution of these problems in many places.The bibliography on »Patient Scheduling« presented here contains but a few basic theoretical papers on the problem of waiting queues which are of importance in the area of medical care. Most of the papers cited are concerned with practical approaches to a solution and describe current systems in medicine.In listing the literature, we were assisted by Mrs. Wieland, Mr. Dusberger and Mr. Henn, in data acquisition and computer handling by Mrs. Gieß and Mr. Schlaefer. We wish to thank all those mentioned for their assistance.

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