Fibrinolytic Agents

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C. Becker ◽  
Frederick A. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Factor Viia ◽  
Plasminogen Activators ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Fibrinolytic Agents ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Potential Factor ◽  
Tissue Factor Pathway ◽  
High Concentrations

The generation of plasmin from plasminogen by plasminogen activators (fibrinolytic agents) induces a variety of effects in addition to dissolving fibrin strands, degrading fibrinogen, and inhibiting tissue factor pathway and factor VIII. It also, in high concentrations, causes platelet activation. Thus, fibrinolytic agents have both prothrombotic and antihemostatic properties—the latter of which is often augmented by the concomitant use of anticoagulants and platelet antagonists (see Chapter 12). Bleeding is the most common complication of fibrinolytic (and adjunctive antithrombotic) therapy. The most important predictors of nonintracranial hemorrhage are older age, invasive procedures, low body weight, and female sex (de Jaegre et al, 1992; GISSI 2 Investigators, 1990; GUSTO-III Investigators, 1997; INJECT Investigators, 1995). Predictors of intracranial hemorrhage include age (>65 years), low body weight (<70 kg), hypertension on admission, and alteplase (vs. streptokinase) (GUSTO-III Investigators, 1997). The approach to patient management in cases of fibrinolytic-induced bleeding is summarized in Figure 30.1. It is important to consider antithrombotic agents that may concomitantly increase hemorrhagic potential. Factor VIIa (recombinant; NovoSeven) represents a treatment alternative for life-threatening hemorrhagic complications.

The Effects of Sodium Citrate and an Excess of Plasminogen on Fibrinolytic Agents

1960 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 462-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tage Astrup ◽  
Ida Sterndorff
Keyword(s):  
Fumaric Acid ◽  
Maleic Acid ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Plasminogen Activators ◽  
Fibrinolytic Agents ◽  
Enhancing Effect ◽  
Polycarboxylic Acids

Summary1. The presence of citrate in the normal fibrin enhanced the fibrinolytic activity of plasminogen activators, including trypsin. The effect of proteases (on normal or on heated fibrin, containing citrate) was not significantly influenced.2. The effect of plasminogen activators was also increased when excess of plasminogen was present in the normal fibrin plates.3. Fumaric acid and maleic acid belong to the polycarboxylic acids producing an enhancing effect.

scholarly journals Transmissible Viral Proventriculitis Caused by Chicken Proventricular Necrosis Virus Displaying Serological Cross-Reactivity with IBDV

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Marcin Śmiałek ◽  
Michał Gesek ◽  
Daria Dziewulska ◽  
Jowita Samanta Niczyporuk ◽  
Andrzej Koncicki
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Infected Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Necrosis Virus ◽  
Bursal Disease ◽  
Group A ◽  
Potential Factor

Transmissible viral proventriculitis (TVP) of chickens is manifested in decreased body weight gains, poor feed conversion and weight diversity. Although TVP etiology has not been defined, a Birnaviridae family member, named chicken proventricular necrosis virus (CPNV) is considered as a potential factor of a disease. This study was undertaken in order to reproduce TVP and to evaluate its etiology. Broiler chickens of the TVP-infected group were inoculated with TVP positive proventriculi homogenate on the 24th day of life. Samples were collected, on infection day and 14 days post-infection (dpi). The 14 dpi anatomo- and histopathological evaluation, revealed that we have succeeded to reproduce TVP. TVP-infected birds gained 30.38% less body weight. In the TVP-infected group a seroconversion against picornaviruses, fowl adenoviruses (FAdV) and infectious bursal disease viruses (IBDV) was recorded with an ELISA test. Using RT-PCR and PCR, CPNV was detected in proventriculi and FAdV in spleens and livers of infected birds, 14 dpi. Our study supports that CPNV is involved in the development of TVP. We did not record the presence of IBDV in TVP or control birds, despite our recording of a seroconversion against IBDV in TVP infected birds. CPNV and IBDV belong to the same family, which allows us to assume serological cross-reactivity between them. The role of FAdV needs further evaluation.

scholarly journals Biological Properties and Prospects for the Application of Eugenol—A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3671
Author(s):  
Magdalena Ulanowska ◽  
Beata Olas
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Aromatic Compound ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Current State ◽  
Potential Component ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
High Concentrations

Eugenol is a phenolic aromatic compound obtained mainly from clove oil. Due to its known antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, it has long been used in various areas, such as cosmetology, medicine, and pharmacology. However, high concentrations can be toxic. A dose of 2.5 mg/kg body weight is regarded as safe. This paper reviews the current state of knowledge regarding the activities and application of eugenol and its derivatives and recent research of these compounds. This review is based on information concerning eugenol characteristics and recent research from articles in PubMed. Eugenol remains of great interest to researchers, since its multidirectional action allows it to be a potential component of drugs and other products with therapeutic potential against a range of diseases.

Successful use of recombinant factor VIIa in a preterm infant with life-threatening haematuria

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 601-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirstin Faust ◽  
Birthe Tröger ◽  
Fritz Kahl ◽  
Marius Schumacher ◽  
Wolfgang Göpel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infant ◽  
Recombinant Factor Viia ◽  
Factor Viia ◽  
Life Threatening

scholarly journals TFPIβ is the GPI-anchored TFPI isoform on human endothelial cells and placental microsomes

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 119 (5) ◽  
pp. 1256-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Girard ◽  
Elodee Tuley ◽  
George J. Broze
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Feedback Inhibition ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Factor Viia ◽  
Factor Xa ◽  
Gpi Anchor ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tissue Factor Pathway

Abstract Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) produces factor Xa-dependent feedback inhibition of factor VIIa/tissue factor-induced coagulation. Messages for 2 isoforms of TFPI have been identified. TFPIα mRNA encodes a protein with an acidic N-terminus, 3 Kunitz-type protease inhibitor domains and a basic C-terminus that has been purified from plasma and culture media. TFPIβ mRNA encodes a form in which the Kunitz-3 and C-terminal domains of TFPIα are replaced with an alternative C-terminus that directs the attachment of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor, but whether TFPIβ protein is actually expressed is not clear. Moreover, previous studies have suggested that the predominant form of TFPI released from cells by phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PIPLC) treatment is TFPIα, implying it is bound at cell surfaces to a separate GPI-anchored coreceptor. Our studies show that the form of TFPI released by PIPLC treatment of cultured endothelial cells and placental microsomes is actually TFPIβ based on (1) migration on SDS-PAGE before and after deglycosylation, (2) the lack of a Kunitz-3 domain, and (3) it contains a GPI anchor. Immunoassays demonstrate that, although endothelial cells secrete TFPIα, greater than 95% of the TFPI released by PIPLC treatment from the surface of endothelial cells and from placental microsomes is TFPIβ.

scholarly journals Caveolin-1 Enhances Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor Exposure and Function on the Cell Surface

2005 ◽  
Vol 280 (23) ◽  
pp. 22308-22317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Lupu ◽  
Xiaohong Hu ◽  
Florea Lupu
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor ◽  
Factor Viia ◽  
Protease Production ◽  
Extrinsic Pathway ◽  
Caveolin 1 ◽  
Tissue Factor Pathway ◽  
Quaternary Complex ◽  
And Function

Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) blocks tissue factor-factor VIIa (TF-FVIIa) activation of factors X and IX through the formation of the TF-FVIIa-FXa-TFPI complex. Most TFPI in vivo associates with caveolae in endothelial cells (EC). The mechanism of this association and the anticoagulant role of caveolar TFPI are not yet known. Here we show that expression of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in 293 cells keeps TFPI exposed on the plasmalemma surface, decreases the membrane lateral mobility of TFPI, and increases the TFPI-dependent inhibition of TF-FVIIa. Caveolae-associated TFPI supports the co-localization of the quaternary complex with caveolae. To investigate the significance of these observations for EC we used RNA interference to deplete the cells of Cav-1. Functional assays and fluorescence microscopy revealed that the inhibitory properties of TFPI were diminished in EC lacking Cav-1, apparently through deficient assembly of the quaternary complex. These findings demonstrate that caveolae regulate the inhibition by cell-bound TFPI of the active protease production by the extrinsic pathway of coagulation.

Successful Outpatient Management of Severe Ionized Hypercalcemia Secondary to Cholecalciferol Ingestion in a Puppy

2022 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Adrienne M. Felix ◽  
Rebecca K. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Oral Prednisone ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Outpatient Management ◽  
Published Report ◽  
Life Threatening

ABSTRACT A 4 mo old female intact boxer was presented because of polyuria, lethargy, and vomiting after ingestion of cholecalciferol rodenticide roughly 3 days prior. Blood work revealed an ionized hypercalcemia 2.23 mmol/L (reference range 1.04–1.33 mmol/L) on presentation. Because of financial limitations, the patient was unable to be hospitalized for standard of care. She was treated with a pamidronate infusion and discharged with medical management to include oral prednisone, furosemide, and subcutaneous fluids. The dog’s signs, body weight, and biochemical parameters were serially monitored over 3 wk as the ionized hypercalcemia resolved. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first published report documenting a successful outpatient medical protocol for potentially life-threatening hypercalcemia secondary to cholecalciferol toxicosis in a puppy.

Pediatric Anesthesia Outside of the Operating Room

2011 ◽  
pp. 236-243
Author(s):  
Keira P. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Pediatric Anesthesia ◽  
Anesthesia Care ◽  
Life Threatening

The anesthesiologist is increasingly being called on to provide pediatric anesthesia care for children in settings outside the operating room (OR). Providing anesthesia in these off-site venues challenges us to gain a familiarity with the procedures, tailor an anesthesia plan to the procedure and location, as well as to plan for the management of life-threatening situations. This chapter will review the different off-site locations and discuss the unique aspects of patient management associated with each area. Typical locations are outlined in Table 24.3.

Central venous catheters and arrhythmia: Two unusual cases

2020 ◽  
pp. 112972982091532
Author(s):  
R Haridian Sosa Barrios ◽  
David Lefroy ◽  
Damien Ashby ◽  
Neill Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Central Venous Catheters ◽  
Fluoroscopic Guidance ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Insertion Procedure ◽  
Catheter Tip ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Tip Position

Jugular Tesio lines (TesioCaths; MedCOMP, Harleysville, PA, USA) are frequently used as permanent vascular accesses in haemodialysis patients. During the insertion procedure, arrhythmias are a relatively common complication, usually related to an excessively advanced catheter tip, without major consequences. We present two cases of life-threatening arrhythmias triggered by the Tesio catheter eccentric high-velocity jet of blood resolved after reposition of the catheter without further episodes, despite both lines being inserted under real-time ultrasound and fluoroscopic guidance. We believe dialysis lines should be checked for tip position even when long-standing to prevent relevant complications due to catheter sliding.

scholarly journals Properties of Plasminogen Activators in Circulating Human Blood and Human Cadaveric Veins

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Mackie ◽  
Bruce Bennett ◽  
Derek Ogston
Keyword(s):  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Protease Inhibitors ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Plasminogen Activators ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Dextran Sulphate ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate Precipitation ◽  
High Concentrations

The properties of 3 partially purified plasminogen activators prepared from human blood have been compared with activator prepared from cadaveric veins and urokinase.Circulating plasminogen activator present in blood after venous occlusion of the arm has been partially purified by gel filtration on Sephadex G-200 in phosphate buffer containing 0.15 M NaCl followed by gel filtration of active fractions on Sephadex G-200 in buffer containing 1 M NaCl.Plasminogen activator generated from lysine-sepharose treated plasma after activation of Hageman factor by kaolin has been partially purified by elution of the activator from kaolin by 0.5 M NaCl and gel filtration on Sephadex G-200; the activator precipitated by dextran sulphate from the euglobulin supernatant prepared from lysine-sepharose treated plasma has been partially purified by similar gel filtration techniques.Cadaveric plasminogen activator has been prepared by ammonium sulphate precipitation of the washout from cadaveric veins followed by sequentail filtration on Sephadex G-200 in (a) low and (b) high concentrations of NaCl. The properties of these 4 plasminogen activators are compared with those of urokinase in terms of their stability, susceptibility to protease inhibitors and molecular size.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document