Cities as Lobbyists

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Julia Payson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Political Geography ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Local Power ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Local Officials

In the United States, state-local relations are characterized by increasing urban-rural polarization, and several states have recently engaged in high-profile preemption efforts that seek to limit local power. But cities aren’t powerless when it comes to shaping the political environment in which they operate. In fact, local governments are among the most active lobbyists in state politics. When and why do some local officials choose to hire lobbyists to represent them in other levels of government? How does this ability to pay for representation influence politics and policymaking? And what are the broader implications for intergovernmental representation? This chapter previews a theory of municipal lobbying that emphasizes political geography and outlines the structure and organization of the book. It also introduces the qualitative and quantitative data from dozens of sources that will be used throughout the book—including newly compiled longitudinal data on lobbying disclosures in all fifty states.

Collaborative capital budgeting in U.S. local government

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hina Khalid ◽  
David S.T. Matkin ◽  
Ricardo S. Morse
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Capital Budgeting ◽  
The United States ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Management Literature ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Local Officials

This article explores collaborative capital budgeting in U.S. local governments. To date, the capital budgeting literature has focused on practices within individual governments. This leaves a gap in our understanding because a large portion of capital planning, acquisition, and maintenance occurs through collaboration between two or more local governments. Drawing on the capital budgeting and collaborative public management literature, and on illustrative cases of collaborative capital budgeting in the United States, an inductive approach is used to: (1) identify and categorize the different objectives that motivate local officials to pursue collaborative agreements, (2) examine common patterns in the types of assets involved in collaboration, and (3) discover common institutional arrangements in collaboration agreements. The research findings demonstrate significant heterogeneity in the objectives, patterns, and institutions of collaborative capital budgeting.

Remember the Ladies: Competition and Mobilization in the United States

2018 ◽  
pp. 83-132
Author(s):  
Dawn Langan Teele
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Geography ◽  
Gilded Age ◽  
Political Competition ◽  
State Legislatures ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Us ◽  
Race Ethnicity

This chapter presents a case study of women's enfranchisement in the United States. It argues that the formation of a broad coalition of women, symbolized by growing membership in a large non-partisan suffrage organization, in combination with competitive conditions in state legislatures, was crucial to securing politicians' support for women's suffrage in the states. The chapter first gives a broad overview of the phases of the US suffrage movement, arguing that the salience of political cleavages related to race, ethnicity, nativity, and class influenced the type of movement suffragists sought to build. It then describes the political geography of the Gilded Age, showing how the diversity of political competition and party organization that characterized the several regions mirrors the pattern of women's enfranchisement across the states.

Al-Shabaab's threat to Somalia's capital will persist

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Transition ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
The Political ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Soft Targets

Significance This is the latest in a series of deadly terrorist attacks attributed to al-Shabaab since late July hitting high-profile targets in Mogadishu. The militant group is succeeding in carrying out these strikes as the country prepares for a political transition. Impacts The United States and other Western backers of the Somali government will step up security support to safeguard the elections. Al-Shabaab will accelerate complex attacks into November aimed at soft targets. The attacks will fail to disrupt upcoming indirect elections but could undermine confidence in security and the political process.

The Partisan Logic of City Mobilization: Evidence from State Lobbying Disclosures

2020 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 677-690
Author(s):  
JULIA A. PAYSON
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Regression Discontinuity ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Legislators ◽  
Regression Discontinuity Design ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
Local Officials

Why do local governments sometimes hire lobbyists to represent them in other levels of government? I argue that such mobilization efforts depend in part on the policy congruence between localities and their elected delegates in the legislature. I provide evidence consistent with this theory by examining how municipal governments in the United States respond to partisan and ideological mismatches with their state legislators—a common representational challenge. Using almost a decade of original panel data on municipal lobbying in all 50 states, I employ difference-in-differences and a regression discontinuity design to demonstrate that cities are significantly more likely to hire lobbyists when their districts elect non-co-partisan state representatives. The results are broadly consistent with a model of intergovernmental mobilization in which local officials purchase advocacy to compensate for the preference gaps that sometimes emerge in multilevel government.

scholarly journals Friendly Persuasion is Not Enough: The Limits of the Lansdale Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Ladwig
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Past ◽  
Terrorist Groups ◽  
Major Impediment

Providing aid and advice to local governments’ counterinsurgency campaigns, rather than directly intervening with American forces, has recently been identified as a more cost-effective way to counter irregular threats to U.S. interests. The challenge that such undertakings have repeatedly faced in the past is that partner governments often have their own interests and priorities which can diverge significantly from those of Washington. Consequently, a host of observers have pointed out that while the United States has provided its partners with extensive assistance to combat insurgents and terrorist groups, an inability to convince them to adopt its counterinsurgency prescriptions or address what Washington sees as the political and economic “root causes” of a conflict has repeatedly emerged as a major impediment to success. In the absence of sufficient influence to convince a local government to address these shortcomings, critics suggest that significant American aid and support can actually reduce its incentives to address domestic discontent or govern inclusively, which can render a supported regime less stable than it would have been without U.S. assistance

Washington, D.C.: The Political Geography of a Federal Capital

1981 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Valerie Fifer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Geography ◽  
Central City ◽  
District Of Columbia ◽  
Federal District ◽  
The United States ◽  
Constitutional Amendment ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Ambition ◽  
First Time

The political status of the District of Columbia is once again the subject of debate in the United States. The District, which forms Washington's central city enclave, an area of some 69 square miles, is closer now than ever before to achieving its oldest political ambition, that of full representation in Congress. A bill to allow such representation by Constitutional amendment was passed for the first time by both the House and the Senate in 1978. Since then, State legislatures have begun to consider ratification of the Amendment with the result that this long-standing issue has entered a new phase.Throughout its existence, Washington, D.C. has had a more distinctive and more complex political geography than is commonly supposed. Until the recent decision to support the measure, Congress had consistently opposed the idea of giving full voting rights to the District of Columbia. When the city of Washington was created at the end of the eighteenth century, the legal detachment of a Federal District from the States by means of cession was regarded as crucial to its future role as the permanent seat of government, and to the exclusive legislative control Congress was to exercise over such a district. As a result, the lack of Congressional representation became an early source of discontent, and for nearly two hundred years, D.C. has been trying to escape this particular consequence of its unique position within the federal structure.Washington, D.C. has been called “both the most American and the least American city in the United States,” and this paradox is apparent in the States' often ambivalent views of the nation's capital.

scholarly journals Internationalization in U.S. universities: history, philosophy, practice, and future

Educação ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Marilia Morosini ◽  
Patricia Somers ◽  
Arinda Rodriguez ◽  
Janet Solis Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
High Profile ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Political Realities

In response to the global economy, universities around the world have increased internationalization efforts. This article focuses on internationalization in U. S. universities, discussing the history, presenting models and examples, reviewing the extent of internationalization on U.S. campuses. We end with a discussion on the rationales, the political realities of the new nationalism, the competition among Western universities for rankings that emphasizes high-profile internationalization, the current political questions affecting internationalization and the future of the field. While our focus is on the United States, many of the concepts and theories we discuss apply to other countries as well. ***Internacionalização em universidades dos EUA: história, filosofia, prática e futuro***Como resposta à economia global, as universidades ao redor do mundo vêm incrementando seus esforços para se internacionalizaram. Este artigo tem como foco a internacionalização de universidades dos Estados Unidos discutindo a história, apresentando modelos e exemplos e examinando a presença da internacionalização no campus americano. Concluímos com a discussão sobre as racionalidades, as realidades políticas do novo nacionalismo, as argumentações acadêmicas contra as universidades do ocidente que enfatizam os altos perfis internacionais, as atuais questões políticas que afetam a internacionalização e o futuro do campo. Apesar do foco deste trabalho ser os Estados Unidos, muito dos conceitos e teorias discutidas podem ser aplicados para outros países.

Having Their Say, Leaving Their Mark

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-153
Author(s):  
Adolphus G. Belk ◽  
Robert C. Smith ◽  
Sherri L. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Black People ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Independent Organization

In general, the founders of the National Conference of Black Political Scientists were “movement people.” Powerful agents of socialization such as the uprisings of the 1960s molded them into scholars with tremendous resolve to tackle systemic inequalities in the political science discipline. In forming NCOBPS as an independent organization, many sought to develop a Black perspective in political science to push the boundaries of knowledge and to use that scholarship to ameliorate the adverse conditions confronting Black people in the United States and around the globe. This paper utilizes historical documents, speeches, interviews, and other scholarly works to detail the lasting contributions of the founders and Black political scientists to the discipline, paying particular attention to their scholarship, teaching, mentoring, and civic engagement. It finds that while political science is much improved as a result of their efforts, there is still work to do if their goals are to be achieved.

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