Restoration and re-creation in the Eastern Han

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Cullen
Keyword(s):  
Han Dynasty ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Technical Innovation ◽  
Astronomical Observation ◽  
Fundamental Innovation ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Zhang Heng ◽  
Eastern Han ◽  
New System

We look first at the situation in the early years of the restored Han dynasty. Liu Xin’s system continued in use for more than half a century. Then, in 85 CE, Liu Xin’s system was replaced. We have records of the practical and theoretical grounds on which the old system was rejected, and of the creation and implementation of a new system. Next we follow the story of how c. 92 CE Jia Kui advocated a fundamental innovation in both theory and practice: he insisted on the ecliptic as being central to astronomical observation and calculation. The richness of records from this period makes it easy to tell a detailed story of technical innovation in its fullest context, leading up to the work of Zhang Heng (78–139 CE), for whom astronomical calculation was just one of several fields in which he gained a reputation for exceptional originality.

scholarly journals The Judicial and Legislative System in the Society of Prof. Momchil Dobrev’s and by Prof. Mariola Garibova-Dobrev’s Theory of Socio- Humanism - Against the Judiciary of the Global Mafia Masonic Elite and its Deep Rule

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lord Prof. PhD PhD Momtchil Dobrev-Halachev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Environmental System ◽  
System A ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
New System

Lord Prof. PhD PhD Momtchil Dobrev-Halachev and Prof. Mariola Garibova-DObreva developed 2006 Theory of socio-humanism by developing the creation of a new human society with a new political, economic, social, health, educational, environmental system, a new system of control of political and other decisions - direct democracy, creating a system of direct democracy in the judiciary, in the legislative system, Prof. Momchil Dobrev and Prof. Mariola Garibova created in 2006. "Theory of degree of justice / injustice /" as well as "Theory of the degree of democracy" based on their practice in court, prosecution, state and especially the practice of Prof. Mariola Garibova-Dobreva as a judge with decades of experience as such as a civil and a criminal judge. Prof. Momchil Dobrev co-founded 2003 Theory of Corruption and Theory of the Mafia and Theory and Practice of Mafia, which contribute to clearing the Theory of the Degree of Justice / Injustice.

Two Han tombs at Tushantun Cemetery in Qingdao, Shandong

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-121
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Han Dynasty ◽  
Heritage Conservation ◽  
Vertical Shaft ◽  
Cultural Heritage Conservation ◽  
Qingdao City ◽  
Eastern Han ◽  
Physical Materials ◽  
Grave Goods

Abstract In April and May 2011, Qingdao Municipal Institute of Cultural Heritage Conservation and Archaeology and Huangdao District Museum excavated the Tushantun Cemetery located in Huangdao District, Qingdao City. The excavation cleared three mounds and recovered seven tombs beneath them. Of these seven tombs, M6 and M8 are vertical shaft stone pit tombs with brick-timber coffin chambers and ramp passages, the burial receptacles of which are nested double-coffin and double-coffin chamber, and the grave goods unearthed from which include bronzes, jades, lacquered wares, pottery and porcelain wares and implements made of bone and horn (turtle scute). The types and styles of the tombs and grave goods all show that the dates of these two tombs are the late Western Han to the early Eastern Han Dynasty. The excavation of these tombs provided important physical materials for the studies on the burial system, geography and material culture in the coastal area of southeastern Shandong during the Han Dynasty.

Something old, something new: Enabled theory building in qualitative marketing research

2021 ◽  
pp. 147059312110322
Author(s):  
Pierre-Yann Dolbec ◽  
Eileen Fischer ◽  
Robin Canniford
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Research ◽  
Review Process ◽  
Marketing Research ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Theory Building ◽  
Marketing Theory ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Novel Theory ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Analytical Tools

“Enabled theorizing” is a common practice in marketing scholarship. Nevertheless, this practice has recently been criticized for constraining the creation of novel theory. To advance this conversation, we conduct a grounded analysis of papers that feature enabled theorizing with the aim of describing and analyzing how enabled theorizing is practiced. Our analysis suggests that enabled theorizing marries data with analytical tools and ontological perspectives in ways that advance ongoing conversations in marketing theory and practice, as well as informing policy and methods. Based on interviews with marketing and consumer research scholars who practice enabled theorizing, we explain how researchers use enabling theories to shape research projects, how researchers select enabling lenses, and how they negotiate the review process. We discuss the implications of our analyses for theory-building in our field, and we question the notion of originality in relation to theory more generally.

Unfulfilled Promise: Palestinian Family Reunification and the Right of Return

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-39
Author(s):  
Nabila El-Ahmed ◽  
Nadia Abu-Zahra
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Family Reunification ◽  
The State ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Successor State ◽  
Palestinian Refugees ◽  
Right Of Return ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Right

This article argues that Israel substituted the Palestinian refugees' internationally recognized right of return with a family reunification program during its maneuvering over admission at the United Nations following the creation of the state in May 1948. Israel was granted UN membership in 1949 on the understanding that it would have to comply with legal international requirements to ensure the return of a substantial number of the 750,000 Palestinians dispossessed in the process of establishing the Zionist state, as well as citizenship there as a successor state. However, once the coveted UN membership had been obtained, and armistice agreements signed with neighboring countries, Israel parlayed this commitment into the much vaguer family reunification program, which it proceeded to apply with Kafkaesque absurdity over the next fifty years. As a result, Palestinians made refugees first in 1948, and later in 1967, continue to be deprived of their legally recognized right to return to their homes and their homeland, and the family reunification program remains the unfulfilled promise of the early years of Israeli statehood.

Success and Survival of Skill-Based Pay Plans

2005 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason D. Shaw ◽  
Nina Gupta ◽  
Atul Mitra ◽  
Gerald E. Ledford
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Human Resources Management ◽  
Supervisor Support ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Technical Innovation ◽  
Innovation Strategy ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Compensation Systems ◽  
Workforce Flexibility

Factors related to the success and survival of skill-based pay (SBP) plans are addressed in a longitudinal study of 97 facilities. Results indicate that certain design features and support variables relate to increased workforce flexibility and to SBP survival, and supervisor support also relates strongly to SBP survival. The results also show that SBP plans are more successful and sustainable in manufacturing facilities than in service facilities, and SBP survival is less likely in facilities pursuing a technical innovation strategy. Implications of the research for theory and practice regarding SBP plans, compensation systems, and human resources management innovations are addressed.

Assessing the capacity for public value creation within leadership theories: Raising the argument

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandru V. Roman ◽  
Thomas McWeeney
Keyword(s):  
Public Choice ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Trust In Government ◽  
Leadership Theories ◽  
Public Value ◽  
Leadership Perspectives ◽  
The Creation

AbstractIn recent years, public administration has been targeted by multiple reform efforts. In multiple instances, such initiatives have been ideologically couched in public-choice perspectives and entrenched beliefs that government is the problem. One unavoidable consequence of this continued bout of criticism is the fact that government currently has a noticeably decreased capacity of boosting creation of public value. Within this context, there certainly is an important need for approaches that would counterbalance the loss of public value induced by market fundamentalism. This article suggests that leadership, as a concept of theory and practice, due to its partial immunity to the private-public dichotomy, can provide a pragmatic avenue for nurturing public interest and public value within the devolution of governance, a declining trust in government and a diminished governmental capacity to propagate the creation of public value. While this article critically examines and assesses the capacity of different leadership perspectives in terms of creating and maximizing public value, its primary scope is not the provision of definite answers but rather the instigation of a much necessary discussion.

scholarly journals Quality improvement in higher education: a critical review, with reference to South Africa

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 104-113
Author(s):  
R. W. Pretorius
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
And Control ◽  
Measurement And Control ◽  
New System

In view of the controversy which characterises systems for quality assurance in higher education worldwide, this article provides a critical review of the theory and practice of quality in the higher education sector.  The state of affairs in South Africa is also reviewed, with the focus on the new system for quality assurance which is currently being implemented.  Despite good intentions, however, the new system in South Africa tends to be over-burocratic, with limited potential for deepseated change and quality improvement as a result of the focus on accountability rather than on continuous improvement. Real improvement is an internally driven process, which cannot be achieved through burocratic measurement and control.  In line with what has been experienced internationally, this article argues that a more flexible approach to the meaning of quality in the context of higher educaction is required in South Africa.  Apart from defining and assuring quality, this approach should also be directed at its improvement.  However, the point of departure has to be quality improvement, and not quality assurance and control.

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