Development and Organization of Autobiographical Memory Form and Function

2019 ◽  
pp. 52-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Fivush ◽  
Theodore E. A. Waters
Keyword(s):  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Memory Functions ◽  
Multiple Functions ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
The World ◽  
And Function ◽  
Over Time

Autobiographical memory defines who we are in relationship to others in the world. In addition to providing critical information to direct our behavior in adaptive ways, autobiographical memory functions to create a coherent and continuous sense of self and relationships over time, and thus autobiographical memory includes multiple temporal horizons. This chapter demonstrates that these different temporal horizons develop at different rates across childhood and are socially scaffolded in their forms through sharing memories with others. Even early in development, children recall both specific episodes and recurring scripted events in coherent, but differentiated ways, suggesting that children may be using them for different functions. Episodic representations are used to define self and regulate emotions, whereas scripted representations are used to direct behavior. By adulthood, autobiographical memory has developed into a complex interplay among episodes, recurring events, and extended events, and preliminary evidence suggests that adults may use different autobiographical forms for different functions. This approach to examining autobiographical memory as it develops along multiple temporal horizons and serves multiple functions indicates the need to expand our theoretical understanding of the organization of autobiographical memory.

CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE IMPLICATIONS OF PHILATELY IN ECOLOGICAL EDUCATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Alexandru Pop ◽  
◽  
Bogdan Cioruța ◽  
Mirela Coman ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Ecological Education ◽  
Postage Stamp ◽  
Freedom Of Movement ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
A Value ◽  
National Heritage ◽  
The World ◽  
And Function ◽  
Over Time

For more than 150 years postcards all over the world have three main roles: a value-added receipt for a postage payment in advance, a means of celebrating and promoting national heritage and a collection of pieces. But above all, the postage stamp is a true ambassador of human history, culture and civilization, because its form and function give it freedom of movement and the ability to transmit information all over the world. Through this paper, the authors want to open a series of presentations of what has given valuable, over time, the philately of civilization and human culture and which is reflected in philatelic collections. There are fractions of images - as far as a stamp can be - with people and places, with flowers and landscapes, animals and protected habitats, with what we want to remain alive in the memory of our descendants - as an essential component of environmental policy And sustainable development.

scholarly journals Litteratur og politik

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (104) ◽  
pp. 148-165
Author(s):  
Frederik Tygstrup ◽  
Isak Winkel Holm
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Symbolic Forms ◽  
Representational Practices ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Poetics ◽  
The Common ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Way

Literature and PoliticsLiterature is political by representing the world. The production of literature is a contribution to a general cultural poetics where images of reality are constructed and circulated. At the same time, the practice of literature is institutionalized in such a way that the form and function of the images of reality it produces are conceived and used in a distinctive way. In this article, we suggest distinguishing between a general cultural poetics and a specific literary poetics by using Ernst Cassirer’s neo-Kantian concept of »symbolic forms«. We argue that according to this view, the political significance of literary representational practices resides in the way they activate a common cultural repertoire of historical symbolic forms while at the same time deviating from the common ways of treating these forms.

Introduction: how language works in politics

2018 ◽  
pp. 3-32
Author(s):  
Matthew Williams
Keyword(s):  
Computer Assisted ◽  
British Politics ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
It Impacts ◽  
Legislative Language ◽  
And Function ◽  
Assisted Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

This book examines how language works in democratic politics and how it impacts the effectiveness of policy. Using evidence from the first computer-assisted analysis of all 41.5 million words of legislation enacted from 1900 to 2015, it tracks the major changes in form and function that Parliament's use of language has undergone over time and the reasons for such changes. More importantly, it explores the policy and social implications of changes in legislative language as well as the issue of legislative indeterminacy. This introductory chapter discusses the questions, arguments and aims of the book and reviews the literature on the operation of language in British politics, along with the impact of legislative language on policy effectiveness. It also explains what specifically the book contributes to the existing literature, describes the research design, and provides an overview of the chapters that follow.

Aphorisms of Jesus in John: An Illustrative Look at John 4.35

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 207-229
Author(s):  
Linda McKinnish Bridges
Keyword(s):  
Gospel Of John ◽  
Synoptic Gospels ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Full Expression ◽  
Jesus Seminar ◽  
The World ◽  
John's Gospel ◽  
And Function ◽  
Sayings Of Jesus

AbstractThis literary genre, the aphorism, finds full expression in the Gospel of John. Vestiges of the world of orality, these 'gems of illumination' invite intense reflection and response as they illuminate not only the literary landscape of the Gospel but also provide a lens for viewing the Jesus tradition in the Gospel of John. My work is indebted to the research of J.D. Crossan, author of In Fragments who has written the definitive work on the aphorisms of Jesus in the Synoptic Gospels. More explorative work, however, is needed for the aphorisms of Jesus with particular focus on John's Gospel. Although the aphorisms of Jesus in John were omitted in the database of authentic sayings of Jesus compiled by the members of the Jesus Seminar, might these lapidary gems be placed on the table once more for exploration? While I am confident that the Johannine aphorisms lead us through the narrative landscape of the Gospel and even reveal distinctive aspects of the community, is it possible that they might also provide at least a brief glimpse of Jesus? Using the agrarian aphorism of Jn 4.35 as a showcase illustration, this article proposes to identify the form and function of the Johannine aphorism; to investigate the authenticity of the saying in Jn 4.34-35 using established criteria of authenticity; and to suggest the often-overlooked criterion of orality is a most useful tool for continued exploration.

English as a Lingua Franca: form follows function

English Today ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Cogo
Keyword(s):  
Research Field ◽  
World Englishes ◽  
Lingua Franca ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
The World ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTIn this paper I wish to respond to the article published in ET94 by Saraceni while at the same time providing some clarifications concerning the concept of English as a Lingua Franca (henceforth ELF). In his article Saraceni raises three main questions (and a number of related debatable comments which I will quickly deal with in my final remarks) regarding: 1) the nature of ELF and its speakers, 2) the relationship between ELF and the World Englishes (henceforth WE) paradigm, and 3) the distinction between form and function. I will address each of these questions, and in so doing consider a number of notions concerning the ELF research field.

scholarly journals Stereotypes in female images of the Siberian epos

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-35
Author(s):  
E. N. Kuzmina ◽  
◽  
L. N. Arbachakova ◽  
N. V. Shulbaeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Female Character ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Genetic Origin ◽  
Imaging Device ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
And Function ◽  
Normative Status ◽  
Over Time

In the heroic legends of the peoples of Siberia, a special role is played by typical descriptions (stereotypes) that carry plot-forming and compositional functions. They reflect the syncretism of aesthetic and moral popular views in their content and the semantic guidelines that epic heroes are endowed with. As ethno-poetic constants, these stereotypes embodied the people’s value attitude to the world around them and, being transmitted for a long time, became ethnically differentiated cultural universals acquiring a normative status over time. In this study, an axiological approach has been applied to consider traditional portrait descriptions of warlike heroes and virgins, based on the comparative material from the epic of Buryats, Khakasses, and Shors. This approach allowed us to conclude that the similarity in imaging the characters of these peoples’ epic has a natural and genetic origin and that the descriptions show the syncretism of aesthetic and moral assessments. The descriptions used in the depiction of female characters are intertextual stereotypes taken from the general epic fund. The structure of these stereotypes comprises supporting phrases that tend to become epic formulas and function independently in the epic. Of the poetic and visual means, stereotypes steadily involve the comparisons and epithets easily correlated with the phenomena and objects of Nature and Space. The generally accepted statement that hyperbole is the main imaging device in the heroic epos is also confirmed in the female character description stereotypes.

Dementia, Selves, and Stories

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars-Christer Hydén
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Physical World ◽  
First Century ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Self And Identity ◽  
Over Time

This chapter provides information on the social and cultural background of dementia from the early twentieth century into the early twenty-first century. The chapter presents an overview of the discussions about dementia, self, and identity, with a particular emphasis on research on narrative and dementia. The ideas around identity in dementia, from Kitwood to Sabat and Kontos, are discussed, together with research on storytelling in dementia. A general conclusion from this chapter is that although persons with dementia over time will become increasingly challenged as storytellers, they are still active meaning-makers. They are obviously still engaged in the never-ending activity of making sense of their social as well as physical world—events in the world, as well as what people are saying and doing. Telling stories is central to this endeavor, which entails “world-making” as well as “self-making” through constructing, presenting, and negotiating a sense of self and identity.

Platform Work and Participation

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Zachary Kilhoffer
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Court Cases ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
And Function ◽  
Policy Proposals ◽  
Core Issues

Platforms like Uber, Deliveroo, and Upwork have disrupted labor markets around the world. These platforms vary enormously in form and function, but generally contain three parts: digital platforms, which set the rules and intermediate communication and transactions between the other two parts, consumers and platform workers. Platform work is a diverse type of labor that developed around these platforms, and it has great potential to increase citizen participation. However, it is under intense scrutiny in light of widely publicized protests and court cases. This report attempts to disentangle the rhetoric surrounding platform work by discussing its emergence and conceptualization, key challenges, and how it may increase participation in the socio-economic sphere. The conclusion discusses how most policy proposals to regulate platform work fail to address the core issues, while potentially stifling innovative practices. Instead, the author suggests more tailored and proportionate regulatory responses.

Abstract versus Folk Legal Pluralism

2021 ◽  
pp. 169-208
Author(s):  
Brian Z. Tamanaha
Keyword(s):  
Legal Pluralism ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Abstract Concepts ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Community Law ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
And Function ◽  
Rule Systems ◽  
Over Time

This chapter differentiates between abstract legal pluralism and folk legal pluralism. Abstract concepts of law within legal pluralist literature can be placed in one of two broad categories based on form and function: the inner ordering of associations or institutionalized rule systems. However, both types of concepts of law inevitably result in over-inclusiveness by encompassing social phenomena that are usually not considered to be law, creating irresolvable problems. Folk legal pluralism identifies coexisting forms of law in terms of what people collectively view as law, examined through a social-historical lens that pays attention to how forms of law vary across social contexts and change over time. It also articulates three categories of law applied throughout this book: community law, regime law, and cross-polity law. This approach offers a commonsensical account of law and legal pluralism useful for scholars, development practitioners, social scientists, and legal theorists.

Wallace Stevens: The Life of the Imagination

PMLA ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-582
Author(s):  
Roy Harvey Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Wallace Stevens ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
The Real ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
The World ◽  
And Function

One thing we can now surely say of the achievement of Wallace Stevens: He has written, over some thirty years, a whole and continuing poetry whose subject is the life, the form and function, of the imagination. In the recently published Transport to Summer that subject receives its broadest, most complex treatment, yet remains essentially as it was in his first volume, Harmonium: in his language, a problem in the relation of the imagined to the real; in more general language, of the world as known to the world as outside knowing. From beginning to end what has been basic is the predicament of the man who would know. If, read in and of themselves, the poems in Transport to Summer contrast vividly with those in Harmonium, the contrast is as much an aspect of continuity as of difference and opposition. It is a continuity that represents the growth and achievement which, for good and for bad, make the total of Stevens' work greater than the sum of its parts. Viewed thus, the poems in Transport to Summer are inevitable precisely as they show Stevens trying to finish what he began in Harmonium.

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