Rough Diamonds

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Whyman
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Mass Culture ◽  
Alternative Model ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Mainstream Society ◽  
Provincial Society

Hutton was one of many rough diamonds—‘men of great talent but no polish’—who offer an alternative model to ‘politeness’. These self-educated entrepreneurs add a new layer to our knowledge of provincial society. Chapter 2 defines their characteristics, roles, strategies, and impacts. Case studies give life to Hutton’s collaborators and competitors including the printer John Baskerville, the industrialist Samuel Garbett, and the papermaker Robert Bage. They reveal how outsiders fit (or not) into the social structure and how mainstream society responded. Their lack of education and refusal to give deference caused problems, resentment, and grudges that are revealed in Hutton’s ‘Memorandums’. The result is a picture of suppressed conflict that allows us to address questions about social change and mobility. Yet because rough diamonds had confidence to experiment with new ideas, they became driving forces for the spread of mass culture on a less refined but more widespread plane.

Community, dialect and urbanization in the Arabic-speaking Middle East

1995 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive Holes
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Linguistic Change ◽  
The Social ◽  
Arabic Speaking ◽  
Everyday Communication

The purpose of this paper is to explain how changes in the social structure of the countries of the Arabic-speaking Middle East are being reflected in new patterns of dialect use. The last 30 years have seen an enormously increased interest in Arabic as a living mode of everyday communication, reflected in many dialectological, typological and sociolinguistic studies. As a result, we now have a much clearer overall picture of the dialect geography of the eastern Arab world, and the beginnings of an understanding of the dynamics of language change. Inevitably, the focus of many studies has been geographically specific, so that the area-wide nexus between social change and linguistic change has not always been seen in a sufficiently broad context. By examining three case studies documented in the literature, I aim to point up similarities in the dynamics of change which are often obscured by distracting local particularities.

Models, Methods, and Metrics to Measure Socioeconomic Resilience

2018 ◽  
pp. 346-367
Author(s):  
Carlos Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Economic Base ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Regional Context ◽  
The Social ◽  
Indicator Matrix ◽  
Selection Of

This chapter aims to discuss concepts and methods to measure the landscape resilience of urban systems and test the indicators framework in the Portuguese regional context. The objective is to measure the performance and the direction of the urban changes in different phenomena, as well as to evaluate the level of urban systems preparation for a desired and undesired change adaptability. The approach to these issues is analyzed in the literature, dividing the aforementioned analysis into the resilience of the economic base, of the social structure, and of the urban form. In brief, the chapter meets three objectives: firstly, defining the framework of principles more commonly associated with urban resilience; secondly, providing a selection of indicators that embodies the different proposals of measurement; and thirdly, applying the indicator matrix to two Portuguese case studies (Caldas da Rainha and Évora urban systems).

scholarly journals Elegant Economy in Elizabeth Gaskells Cranford: A Socialist Feminist Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Megha Ramteke
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Elizabeth Gaskell ◽  
Feminist Perspective ◽  
Class System ◽  
Feminist Study ◽  
Patriarchal Society ◽  
The Social

Elizabeth Gaskell (1810-1865) was a Victorian writer who had to undergo various kinds of condescension for her writings. After bearing the stigma of being conformist, conventional, and meek as ascribed to her by the contemporary feminist critics, Gaskell’s writings are being revisited with a new feminist perspective in recent years. The present paper is also a humble attempt to rediscover the feminist dimension of her writings by exploring one of her novels, Cranford (1853), through a socialist feminist lens. Cranford presents such a social structure that is devoid of a Class system and constructed by women in a matrilineal society as against the capitalist patriarchal society of Drumble. This Matriarchal socialist social structure is based on the values of cooperation, humanity, and motherly care characteristic to the differently developed gendered subjectivity of women. The social change through the agency of woman foreshadows Gaskell’s far-sighted feminist views of the 1970s.

Teachers’ Narratives of Life Satisfaction, Social Mobility, and Practical Sense of Inequalities in Chile

2021 ◽  
pp. 136078042110061
Author(s):  
Andrea Lizama-Loyola
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Fluid Model ◽  
Differential Forms ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
The Social

The academic literature argues that understandings of the subjective experience of social mobility differ from objective measure of social mobility – based on occupational patterns of movement – because people tend to conflate changes of the social structure (social change) and changes within the social structure (social mobility), resulting in a limited sense of social inequalities. This article explores subjective understandings of social mobility through the lens of Chilean school-teachers’ narratives of their life trajectories. Methodologically, data were collected through in-depth interviews with 41 teachers who live in Santiago. They were also asked to draw a timeline with the main transitions in their lives. The findings of this article show that teachers’ evaluations of their trajectories are first expressed as narratives relating to their life satisfaction. Differential forms of social comparison that emerge from teachers’ evaluations of their trajectories reveal how people position themselves within a broader structure of social inequalities. In consequence, teachers’ evaluations of their trajectories contain implicit or explicit narratives of social mobility which are often bound up with a subjective sense of social change and life-course change. This article demonstrates that lay understandings of social mobility potentially illuminate academic understandings, by addressing a multidimensional and fluid model of social mobility as well as the practical experiences of inequalities that frame people’s everyday lives.

scholarly journals The education during the announcement period of republic within the construction and trnsformation period

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Mehmet Bozaslan ◽  
Emel Çokoğullar
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Education System ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Change Transformation

Every society is bound to struggle to create the conditions and mechanisms in convenient with the own life experience within the historical perspective. This struggle aims to provide the social order or change the existing social structure. The institution of education becomes the primary actor of changing in line with shaping the individual targets. After the establishment of the Republic in 1923, the education system has been reorganized and determined its own principles in order to enhance the mission of social change, transformation and construction. Therefore, the education system has transformed into a mixed, compulsory, rationalist and secular character and hence the interruption has been witnessed with the creating of new social structure by liberating from the traditional forms.Keywords: the announcement of republic, transformation, education, construction, social structure

scholarly journals Individual Differences in the Resistance to Social Change and Acceptance of Inequality Predict System Legitimacy Differently Depending on the Social Structure

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Brandt ◽  
Christine Reyna
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
European Association ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Total N ◽  
The Social

We propose that individual differences in the resistance to social change and the acceptance of inequality can have divergent effects on legitimacy depending on the context. This possibility was tested in a sample of 27 European countries ( N = 144 367) and across four experiments (total N = 475). Individual differences in the resistance to social change were related to higher levels of perceived legitimacy no matter the level of inequality of the society. Conversely, individual differences in the acceptance of inequality were related to higher levels of perceived legitimacy in unequal societies, but either a relationship near zero or the opposite relationship was found in more equal societies. These studies highlight the importance of distinguishing between individual differences that make up political ideology, especially when making predictions in diverse settings. © 2017 The Authors. European Journal of Personality published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Association of Personality Psychology

Iceland: how social mechanisms drove the financial collapse and why it’s a wicked problem

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Maree Duffy ◽  
Gavin Northey ◽  
Patrick van Esch
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Marketing ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Wicked Problems ◽  
Wicked Problem ◽  
Social Mechanism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mechanism Theory

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to extend the macro-social marketing approach by detailing a framework to better understand the driving forces of wicked problems. Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper that uses the financial crisis in Iceland as a demonstrative example to show how social mechanism theory can help social marketers and policy makers overcome complexity and strive for the social transformation they seek. FindingsThis paper suggests the utility of social mechanism theory for understanding wicked problems, how they came to be and how social marketing practices can be applied to resolve market complexities. Research limitations/implicationsSocial marketers need to identify what is driving what, to plan and implement interventions that will lead to the social change desired. This paper presents a framework that guides the analyst through this social change process. Originality/valueThis work provides social marketers with the means to understand the “moving parts” of a wicked problem to identify where an intervention is required to achieve the social change sought.

scholarly journals Fikih Sosial (Pendekatan Teori Hubungan Otoritas dan Konflik Sosial Ralf Dahrendolf dan Kajian Kasus Konflik Otoritas Sunni-Syi’ah di Sampang Madura)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Miftahul Ulum
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Complete Picture ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Social Authority ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Tensions

Ralf Dahrendorf's conflict theory states that the structural changes can be classified on the basis of their extremities and based on their abrupt or unexpected levels. In this case Ralf Dahrendorf admits that his theory of emphasis on conflict and social change is a one-sided perspective of social reality. This is because although the theory of structural functionalism and conflict theory is perceived by Ralf Dahrendorf as a valid perspective in approaching social reality, it includes only a part of the social reality that should be. Both theories are incomplete when used separately, and therefore should be used together, in order to obtain a complete picture of social reality. As an example of case studies, the intra-religious authoritative conflict occurring in Sampang between the Sunni and Shiite schools is a flow rush that has reduced social harmonization among the Sampang and Madurese communities in general, causing intense social tensions. Sociologically, the existence of ulema among the Madurese is not only regarded as a religious elite, but also as a non-formal leader by the Madurese people who are considered to have social authority to determine life and community life.

scholarly journals Re-adjustment in the home country – The effects of return migration and transnationalism

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-61
Author(s):  
Bresena Kopliku
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Return Migration ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Social And Cultural Capital ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Migration Experience ◽  
The Social ◽  
Transnational Migrants ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Research Questions

Abstract This paper analyses how returned and transnational migrants can affect development and social change in the home country. It focuses on the Shkodra Region in Albania. Returnees and transnational migrants use the financial and social capital acquired during migration as mechanisms to readjust in their home country, while at the same time affecting development and social change. The paper deals with a specific returnees’ group, entrepreneur-returnees, and raises some main research questions: How is the social and cultural capital gained during migration used while setting up new enterprises? In what scale does this capital determine the success of the undertaking? Acting as agents of development, these migrants have taken advantage of their migration experience, especially in the opening of new enterprises. This process has also involved the non-migrant population through the introduction of new employment possibilities and the transmission of new ideas and knowledge.

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