Science and Technology

Mind Shift ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 358-372
Author(s):  
John Parrington
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Discovery ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Conscious Awareness ◽  
Human Consciousness ◽  
Fundamental Nature ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Specific Theme ◽  
Common Perception

This chapter challenges the common perception of scientists as a group that think and behave in very different ways from the rest of humanity. While scientists may occupy a very specific niche in society in their role in the construction of new knowledge, they are prone to the same strengths and weaknesses in terms of their individual minds, and are affected by the same social prejudices, as the rest of humanity. Moreover, far from being an alien activity, the pursuit of scientific knowledge is something that is a key resource for humanity as a whole. Everyone with an interest in the origins and fundamental nature of human conscious awareness should have a strong interest in knowing more about the process of scientific discovery, and an input into debates about both the direction and application of scientific research. To understand why, it is worth looking at how science first developed, which this chapter does. The chapter then goes on to look at some of the key ways in which scientists develop new scientific concepts about the world, building on Lev Vygotsky’s ideas about this process and extending them to a discussion of some of the main areas of science today. It also links this process back to the specific theme of the book about human consciousness.

Turkish Cuisine

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
İsmail Hakkı Tekiner
Keyword(s):  
Food Culture ◽  
Traditional Foods ◽  
Rich Diversity ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Perception

Turkish cuisine is one of the richest in the world with its strong historical and intercultural background. Contrary to the common perception, Turkish food culture is not all meat-centric; it has an incredibly rich diversity of vegan choices. Traditional Turkish cuisine also extends to ceremonial and traditional occasions, such as weddings, burial ceremonies, some religious events, circumcisions, migrations, journeys, hosting guests, and welcoming newborns. On these occasions, Turks prepare the best and most loved traditional foods to eat and share together. The prepared foods are mostly vegetarian-friendly, and meat is consumed in very restricted amounts. This paper explores the planet- and vegan-friendly features of the Turkish food culture and its links with folklore.

The Latin American Long Peace

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolás Terradas
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
State Violence ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Perception ◽  
Academic Debate ◽  
Inter State

Latin America is often hailed as “the most peaceful region in the world.” In both academic and policy circles, this view has taken root under the common perception of the region as a “zone of peace” where war and interstate armed conflict have largely disappeared and are now unthinkable. The region, however, continues to showcase high levels of intra-state violence despite the absence of war among states. In the IR academic debate of the long peace in Latin America, as well, several areas of discord and intense disagreement among the multiple works continue to challenge any encompassing explanations for this rather paradoxical regional phenomenon. In this context, for those interested in conducting further research in this area, there still is plenty of space for making meaningful contributions to both the theoretical study of regional peace dynamics as well as the unravelling of Latin America’s paradoxical coexistence of intra-state violence amid enduring inter-state peace.

scholarly journals Illusory Facets of Sport: The Case of the Duke University Basketball Team

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
Łukasz Muniowski ◽  
Tomasz Jacheć
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Family Values ◽  
Reverse Process ◽  
Society Of The Spectacle ◽  
The World ◽  
Duke University ◽  
The Common ◽  
Basketball Team ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Common Perception

AbstractIn the society of the spectacle, illusion is an omnipresent phenomenon. It is used to distract the masses from issues crucial to their existence and to support a system of oppression. However, there is also a “lighter” side of illusion: it creates celebrities and helps sell products (films, music albums, sneakers, etc.). While the connotation is that spectacle uses illusion in order to present the ordinary or negative as extraordinary and positive (e.g., promiscuous athletes talking about family values), it is also possible for a reverse illusory process to take place, resulting in the regular being presented as irregular (e.g., a physical player presented as “aggressive”, such as Kermit Washington). Unlike the deliberate use of illusion by the architects of the spectacle, this reverse process happens spontaneously.This spontaneously generated illusion is especially evident in the world of sports. In this study, we focus on the Duke basketball team during the Mike Krzyzewski era. Since the early 1990s, Duke’s basketball team has been considered a team of unathletic, clean-cut, and well-off individuals. As these qualities are stereotypically associated with white players or “white America” in general, Duke was categorized as a white, privileged team, with its African American players being perceived as tokens or “Uncle-Toms.” We are not calling these illusions – at least not yet – as the validity of that opinion needs to be measured first. Before making our definite claim, we will analyze Duke’s history during the era of Krzyzewski in order to determine whether the common perception regarding the roster (mostly white and privileged) is true or just an illusion. Our aim is to present why both the hate and reverence of the Duke University basketball team are caused by various illusions concerning the team in particular and academic sports in general.

scholarly journals Unusual Suicide Case: Survived After Long Suffering

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Arfa Rahman ◽  
Homayra Tahseen ◽  
Quazi Tarikul Islam ◽  
HAM Nazmul Ahasan
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Case Report ◽  
General Ward ◽  
Young Lady ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Unnatural Death ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The World ◽  
Suicide Case ◽  
The Common

Hanging is one of the common forms of violent mechanical asphyxial death. When compared to other forms of unnatural death all over the world this method stands on top as death is instantaneous.Hanging is always suicidal unless otherwise proved. The aim of this study is to gain new knowledge that would enable the design of effective of measures that would help to prevent suicide by hanging. In this case report, we will discuss the unusual presentation of a young lady who attempts suicide frequently did not result in death. We present data indicating that victims can be resuscitated even after prolonged period of suspension & unconsciousness & some of the reasons why asphyxiation by hanging may be delayed when there is no damage to the spinal cord. The logical, thoughtful management options that we chose at various stages of her disease in general ward with the use of colistin which eventually led to her cure are also discussed here. Emphasis is given on how these tricky cases can be deal with prognostically good results could be achieved, if such victims are vigorously & promptly resuscitated, irrespective of her initial presentation. Bangladesh J Medicine January 2021; 32(1) : 53-57

scholarly journals Genes and speciation: is it time to abandon the biological species concept?

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1387-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinfeng Wang ◽  
Ziwen He ◽  
Suhua Shi ◽  
Chung-I Wu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Species Concept ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Biological Species Concept ◽  
Geographical Isolation ◽  
Fundamental Nature ◽  
Genomic Analyses ◽  
Number Of Genes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Perception

Abstract The biological species concept (BSC) is the cornerstone of neo-Darwinian thinking. In BSC, species do not exchange genes either during or after speciation. However, as gene flow during speciation is increasingly being reported in a substantial literature, it seems time to reassess the revered, but often doubted, BSC. Contrary to the common perception, BSC should expect substantial gene flow at the onset of speciation, not least because geographical isolation develops gradually. Although BSC does not stipulate how speciation begins, it does require a sustained period of isolation for speciation to complete its course. Evidence against BSC must demonstrate that the observed gene flow does not merely occur at the onset of speciation but continues until its completion. Importantly, recent genomic analyses cannot reject this more realistic version of BSC, although future analyses may still prove it wrong. The ultimate acceptance or rejection of BSC is not merely about a historical debate; rather, it is about the fundamental nature of species – are species (and, hence, divergent adaptations) driven by a relatively small number of genes, or by thousands of them? Many levels of biology, ranging from taxonomy to biodiversity, depend on this resolution.

The Big Bad Wolf

2017 ◽  
pp. 85-100
Author(s):  
James Gracey
Keyword(s):  
Human Consciousness ◽  
Hollywood Cinema ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Perception

This chapter discusses the stories and myths regarding humans turning into wolves that have fascinated and terrified people for millennia and continue to speak of an elementary aspect of the collective human consciousness. It talks about the common perception of the werewolf that derives from its myriad representations in folklore, literature, and cinema. It also mentions The Book of Were-Wolves by Sabine Baring-Gould and Werwolves by Elliott O'Donnell in reference to the occurrence of lycanthropy that is invoked as the result of a curse, or through the practice of diabolical occult rituals. This chapter mentions the most widespread ideas of lycanthropy that and originate from Hollywood cinema. It mentions historical anthropologist and witchcraft scholar Willem de Blécourt from Werewolf Histories, who references antiquated tales from Estonia and Russia concerning women who unwittingly marry werewolves.

Wisdom

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Sternberg ◽  
Judith Glück
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Good Education ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
The World ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
The Common ◽  
Complete Account

The world is simultaneously facing many crises that humanity is failing to solve. Yet, at the same time, humans are smarter (with IQs on average thirty points higher than a century ago) and more knowledgeable (with the world's knowledge base at our fingertips), and scientific advances are accelerating. However, intelligence and knowledge are not enough: wisdom harnesses these strengths to serve the common good. Education is focused on acquiring knowledge, but schools would do better also to teach and test for the development of wisdom. To a lot of people, wisdom is an abstraction, but there is a growing body of scientific research into what wisdom is and how it works. This introduction sets out why wisdom is so important. Drawing on insights from psychology, philosophy, science, and common sense, this book provides a complete account of wisdom and how we can develop it throughout our lives.

Between High Culture and Low Culture; and also The Difference Between Popular Culture and Folk Culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Kunal Debnath
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Folk Culture ◽  
Common People ◽  
High Culture ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Low Culture

High culture is a collection of ideologies, beliefs, thoughts, trends, practices and works-- intellectual or creative-- that is intended for refined, cultured and educated elite people. Low culture is the culture of the common people and the mass. Popular culture is something that is always, most importantly, related to everyday average people and their experiences of the world; it is urban, changing and consumeristic in nature. Folk culture is the culture of preindustrial (premarket, precommodity) communities.

The Dialogical concept of consciousness in L.S. Vygotsky and G.H. Mead and its relevance for contemporary discussions on consciousness

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leszek Koczanowicz
Keyword(s):  
Activity Theory ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Human Consciousness ◽  
Cultural Activity ◽  
Contemporary Philosophy ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
The World

The Dialogical concept of consciousness in L.S. Vygotsky and G.H. Mead and its relevance for contemporary discussions on consciousness In my paper I show the relevance of cultural-activity theory for solving the puzzles of the concept of consciousness which encounter contemporary philosophy. I reconstruct the main categories of cultural-activity theory as developed by M.M. Bakhtin, L.S. Vygotsky, G.H. Mead, and J. Dewey. For the concept of consciousness the most important thing is that the phenomenon of human consciousness is consider to be an effect of intersection of language, social relations, and activity. Therefore consciousness cannot be reduced to merely sensual experience but it has to be treated as a complex process in which experience is converted into language expressions which in turn are used for establishing interpersonal relationships. Consciousness thus can be accounted for by its reference to objectivity of social relationships rather than to the world of physical or biological phenomena.

Current updates on COVID-19 - A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ghotekar D S ◽  
Vishal N Kushare ◽  
Sagar V Ghotekar
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Hubei Province ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Coronaviruses are a family of viruses that cause illness such as respiratory diseases or gastrointestinal diseases. Respiratory diseases can range from the common cold to more severe diseases. A novel coronavirus outbreak was first documented in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in December 2019. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic. A global coordinated effort is needed to stop the further spread of the virus. A novel coronavirus (nCoV) is a new strain that has not been identified in humans previously. Once scientists determine exactly what coronavirus it is, they give it a name (as in the case of COVID-19, the virus causing it is SARS-CoV-2).

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