A Smoked Pig, Monsters, and Sheep

Author(s):  
Natalia Nowakowska

How did the clerical leadership of the church in Poland and Prussia respond to the early Reformation? This chapter shows that paradoxical but ultimately ‘lax’ policy towards Lutheranism was not just a feature of royal government in this monarchy, but one also shared by the local church. Polish bishops issued fierce statutes against heresy, and their clergy wrote anti-Lutheran polemics, but the reality behind this rhetoric was rather different. Of the sixty or so individuals tried by church courts for Lutheranism, 90 per cent went unpunished. Being ‘of the Lutheran sect’ was treated as a minor misdemeanour; by contrast, fornicating clergy went to jail. Polish bishops preferred to convert Lutherans in private, and much local polemic was irenic. A minority of clergy found such ‘toleration’ reprehensible, but the Polish church leadership joined with Sigismund I in seeing Lutherans as people in theological error, but not an Other requiring urgent persecution.

Author(s):  
Wendy Sepmady Hutahaean

Abstract: As the times grew, leadership began to decline and crisis. This leadership crisis is also inseparable from the church environment. Speaking of leadership in the church is seen from the point of view of the Bible, inseparable from the Great person of Jesus Christ. This paper discusses Jesus' leadership model focusing on the Gospel of John. The author formulates the following problem: : What is the model of Jesus' leadership in the Gospel of John and its implementation in the local church? The purpose of writing this scientific paper is to know and explain the model of Jesus' leadership in the Gospel of John and its implementation in the local church. This study uses qualitative research method with descriptive approach which this method considers that the data collected to be the key to what is studied. The data the author observes is the Gospel of John, literature such as books and journal articles on leadership. The model of Jesus' leadership in the Gospel of John is Jesus as the Leader of the sheep, Jesus as the Ministering Leader, and Jesus discipleship and send. An example for the local church leadership model is to put self-integrity first, lead holistically, and implement a discipleship model. The local church leadership model reflecting Jesus' leadership model in the Gospel of John is expected to be a learning experience for leaders in the local church. Keyword: model, the leadership of Jesus, the local church, the example.   Abstrak: Semakin berkembangnya zaman, kepemimpinan mulai merosot dan mengalami krisis. Krisis kepemimpinan ini pun juga tidak terlepas dari lingkungan gereja. Berbicara mengenai kepemimpinan dalam gereja dilihat dari sudut pandang Alkitab, tidak terlepas dari pribadi yang Agung yaitu Yesus Kristus. Penulisan ini membahas tentang model kepemimpinan Yesus yang berfokus pada Injil Yohanes. Penulis merumuskan masalah sebagai berikut: : Bagaimana model kepemimpinan Yesus dalam Injil Yohanes dan implementasinya dalam gereja lokal? Adapun tujuan penulisan dari karya ilmiah ini ialah untuk mengetahui dan memaparkan model kepemimpinan Yesus dalam Injil Yohanes dan implementasinya dalam gereja lokal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif yang mana metode ini memandang bahwa data yang dikumpulkan menjadi kunci terhadap apa yang diteliti. Data yang penulis amati ialah kitab Injil Yohanes, literatur-literatur seperti buku dan artikel jurnal tentang kepemimpinan. Adapun model kepemimpinan Yesus dalam Injil Yohanes ialah Yesus sebagai Pemimpin domba-domba, Yesus sebagai Pemimpin yang melayani, dan Yesus memuridkan dan mengutus. Teladan bagi model kepemimpinan gereja lokal yaitu mengutamakan integritas diri, memimpin secara holistik, dan menerapkan model discipleship. Model kepemimpinan gereja lokal yang bercermin dari model kepemimpinan Yesus dalam Injil Yohanes diharapkan dapat menjadi pembelajaran bagi para pemimpin di gereja lokal. Kata kunci: model, kepemimpinan Yesus, gereja lokal, teladan.


2021 ◽  
pp. 193979092199260
Author(s):  
Steven L. Porter ◽  
Kelly M. Kapic ◽  
Ruth Haley Barton ◽  
Richard Peace ◽  
Diane J. Chandler ◽  
...  

In an attempt to learn from COVID-19, this essay features six responses to the question: what did COVID-19 teach us, expose in us, or purge out of us when it comes to spiritual formation in Christ? Each response was written independently of the others by one of the coauthors. Diane J. Chandler focuses in on how COVID-19 exposed grievous inequities for ethnic groups in the American church and broader society. Kelly M. Kapic reminds us of the goodness of human finitude and how COVID restrictions have forced many of us to embrace our limitations. Siang-Yang Tan reflects on eight lessons he has learned during this pandemic year in his role shepherding a local church. James C. Wilhoit calls us to consider the structures that are needed for local church leadership to make wise and godly decisions in times of crisis. Richard Peace draws our attention to what might be learned from the forced monasticism brought about by COVID-19 quarantines. Finally, Ruth Haley Barton pauses to consider the interdependence of human life that has been dramatically illustrated by this pandemic. While these six responses certainly do not exhaust all there is for the church to learn from COVID, we present them in the spirit of “O Lord, teach us what we do not see” and hope they will inspire your own reflections.


1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Wunderli

The apparitor, usually known by his popular name, the summoner, is a minor character in ecclesiastical administration. Most of what we know about summoners has come from literature, notably from Chaucer's scathing portrait in The Canterbury Tales where the summoner is not given any of the saving graces allowed to other scoundrel-pilgrims. Chaucer's summoner, although an officer of the church courts of moral correction, practised bribery and extortion, and in his illicit sex life ‘was as hot…and lecherous as a sparrow’ his lechery was written on his scabby, syphilitic face. It is not my purpose here to dispel literary illusion, but rather to take a hard look at the world of actual summoners – those with names and careers – in pre-Reformation London. I will then single out one summoner, Charles Joseph, and examine his role in that early sixteenth-century cause célèbre: the affair of Richard Hunne. Joseph, after all, confessed to the murder of Hunne in 1514 and even implicated the vicar-general of London in the crime. With new evidence about summoners, I hope to offer a plausible solution to this baffling case.


Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Madalena Meyer Resende ◽  
Anja Hennig

The alliance of the Polish Catholic Church with the Law and Justice (PiS) government has been widely reported and resulted in significant benefits for the Church. However, beginning in mid-2016, the top church leadership, including the Episcopal Conference, has distanced itself from the government and condemned its use of National Catholicism as legitimation rhetoric for the government’s malpractices in the fields of human rights and democracy. How to account for this behavior? The article proposes two explanations. The first is that the alliance of the PiS with the nationalist wing of the Church, while legitimating its illiberal refugee policy and attacks on democratic institutions of the government, further radicalized the National Catholic faction of the Polish Church and motivated a reaction of the liberal and mainstream conservative prelates. The leaders of the Episcopate, facing an empowered and radical National Catholic faction, pushed back with a doctrinal clarification of Catholic orthodoxy. The second explanatory path considers the transnational influence of Catholicism, in particular of Pope Francis’ intervention in favor of refugee rights as prompting the mainstream bishops to reestablish the Catholic orthodoxy. The article starts by tracing the opposition of the Bishops Conference and liberal prelates to the government’s refugee and autocratizing policies. Second, it describes the dynamics of the Church’s internal polarization during the PiS government. Third, it traces and contextualizes the intervention of Pope Francis during the asylum political crisis (2015–2016). Fourth, it portrays their respective impact: while the Pope’s intervention triggered the bishops’ response, the deepening rifts between liberal and nationalist factions of Polish Catholicism are the ground cause for the reaction.


2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-463
Author(s):  
David W. Priddy

In this essay, I pose the question, “How might local congregations participate in food reform and agricultural renewal?” Given the problems of industrial agriculture and the wider ecological concern, this question is pressing. Instead of advocating a specific program, I focus on how the Church might address this question while keeping its commitment to being a repentant Church. First, I discuss the significance of attention and particularly the habit of attending to the Word and Sacrament. This posture, I argue, maintains the Church’s integrity, preventing it from merely branding itself or relying on its own resources. Second, I briefly explore the association of eating with the mission of the Church in the New Testament, highlighting the repeated theme of judgment and call to humility in the context of eating. Third, I draw out the importance of continual remorse over sin. This attitude is essential to the Church’s vocation and rightly appears in many historic liturgies. I argue that this posture should extend to the question of eating responsibly. Penitence demonstrates the Church’s relationship to the wider world and testifies to the source of the Church’s own life, the Holy Spirit, who does the work of renewal.


2004 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 95-105
Author(s):  
Margaret Harvey

It is often forgotten that the medieval Church imposed public penance and reconciliation by law. The discipline was administered by the church courts, among which one of the most important, because it acted at local level, was that of the archdeacon. In the later Middle Ages and certainly by 1435, the priors of Durham were archdeacons in all the churches appropriated to the monastery. The priors had established their rights in Durham County by the early fourteenth century and in Northumberland slightly later. Although the origins of this peculiar jurisdiction were long ago unravelled by Barlow, there is no full account of how it worked in practice. Yet it is not difficult from the Durham archives to elicit a coherent account, with examples, of the way penance and ecclesiastical justice were administered from day to day in the Durham area in this period. The picture that emerges from these documents, though not in itself unusual, is nevertheless valuable and affords an extraordinary degree of detail which is missing from other places, where the evidence no longer exists. This study should complement the recent work by Larry Poos for Lincoln and Wisbech, drawing attention to an institution which would reward further research. It is only possible here to outline what the court did and how and why it was used.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 103-115
Author(s):  
Robert McBain

This article explores the silent nature of depression in the local church and suggests that developing Jesus-style friendships can break the silence. It adapts the author’s Doctor of Ministry (DMin) research project, which explored the silent nature of depression in the local church and Christianity’s interpretive healing qualities. This article argues that the church has a rich history of helping sufferers interpret their experiences of depression, but changing worldviews, the growth of the modern medical model, and the effectiveness of pharmaceuticals monopolized health and shoved the church to the periphery of the conversation. Silence became the church’s typical response, which promoted an attitude of stigma and avoidance. The article suggests that developing Jesus-style friendships can help break the silence because social or religious barriers do not restrict such friendships. This model of friendship is crucial for giving depression sufferers a sense of identity, meaning, and purpose within the church community.


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