1930s
This chapter provides a generational account of the wider intellectual and political French climate of the 1930s and the Great Depression, led by the non-conformistes and such figures as Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir, and Maurice Merleau-Ponty, by drawing on significant studies of the 1930s by Jean-Louis Loubet del Bayle and others, to enable us to appreciate the nouvelle théologie as a particular unit of this generation. Â First, the sense of absolute crisis, revolution, and mission of the wider generation is examined, along with its articulation by young intellectuals. The chapter also highlights three aspects of their generational programmes, namely, deeper historical thinking, concrete philosophical construction, and active engagement with the world, showing how Left Catholic thought, political initiatives, and projects of ecclesial renewal followed along comparable lines and drew inspiration from their secular peers.