Normativity in reasoning

2021 ◽  
pp. 143-155
Author(s):  
John Broome
Keyword(s):  
Normative Belief

Reasoning is a process through which premise-attitudes give rise to a conclusion-attitude. When you reason actively you operate on the propositions that are the contents of your premise-attitudes, following a rule, to derive a new proposition that is the content of your conclusion-attitude. It may seem that, when you follow a rule, you must, at least implicitly, have the normative belief that you ought to comply with the rule, which guides you to comply. But I argue that to follow a rule is to manifest a particular sort of disposition, which can be interpreted as an intention. An intention is itself a guiding disposition. It can guide you to comply with a rule, and no normative belief is required.

scholarly journals KRISIS DISIPLIN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM: ANTI PLURALISME

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-86
Author(s):  
Zainal Lutfi
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
National Curriculum ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Normative Belief ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Education Curriculum ◽  
Curriculum Model ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World

This article discusses the problem of Islamic education from a theological and sociological point of view. The emergence of normative and verbalist Islamic education curriculum distorts the universality of Islam. Islam that is contextual in space and time, always in contact with sociological aspects, should be understood as something that can change its partiality dynamics continuously, even though there is a universal thing that is maintained as a normative belief. On the other hand, the failure of education to produce educational output that is dignified and virtuous has caused some people to distrust the world of education in developing the character and ethics of children. The vote of disbelief is getting stronger with the emergence of the National curriculum model which gives a greater portion of general subjects than religious subjects. This paper is a criticism of the development of the world of education in Indonesia, with the hope that education stakeholders make changes to the education system and the applicable curriculum.

The exceptional and the ordinary

2018 ◽  
pp. 73-106
Author(s):  
Thomas Docherty
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Normative Belief ◽  
University Education ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Mass Higher Education ◽  
The People ◽  
The University

The contemporary institution fails to understand the real meaning of ‘mass higher education’. A mass higher education should address the concerns of those masses of ‘ordinary people’ who, for whatever reasons, do not attend a university. Instead, the contemporary sector simply admits more individuals from lower social and economic classes. Behind this is a deep suspicion of the intellectual whose knowledge marks them out as intrinsically elitist and not ‘of the people’. An intellectual concerned about everyday life is now seen as suspicious, given the normative belief that a university education is about individual competitive self-advancement. This intellectual is now an enemy of ‘the people’, and incipiently one who might even be regarded as criminal in dissenting from conformity with social norms of neoliberalism. There is a history to this, dating from 1945; and it sets up a contest between two version of the university: one sees it as a centre of humane and liberal values, the other as the site for the production of individuals who conform to and individually benefit from neoliberal greed. The genuine exception is the intellectual who dissents; but dissent itself is now seen as potentially criminal.

scholarly journals PENDEKATAN THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR DALAM MENGKAJI PERILAKU KONSUMEN ROKOK DI SIMPANG EMPAT PASCA KELUARNYA FATWA MAJLIS ULAMA INDONESIA TENTANG HARAM MEROKOK

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-60
Author(s):  
Asraf Asraf
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Normative Belief ◽  
Behavior Control ◽  
Perceived Behavior Control ◽  
Perceived Behavior

Meski merokok dianggap lebih besar keburukannya dibanding manfaatnya namun kegiatan merokok sudah mengurat mengakar pada sebagian masyarakat dunia. Majlis Ulama Indonesia telah mengeluarkan fatwa haram merokok bagi ummat islam. Bagaimana perilaku konsumen rokok setelah keluarnya fatwa ini dianalisis dengan mengambil objek penelitian pada konsumen rokok di Simpang Empat, Pasaman Barat dengan mengaplikasikan theory of planned behavior dengan sedikit modifikasi.Dari pengamatan dan data primer yang diperoleh menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan yang jauh antara normative belief dengan motivation to comply.Inilah dasar bagi peneliti untuk menempatkan kedua faktor ini sebagai variabel yang terpisah dan masing-masing diuji pengaruhnya terhadap niat dan perilaku. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hanya hanya motivation to comply dan perceived behavior control yang berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap niat maupun perilaku. Variabel sikap dan normative belieftidak signifikan pengaruhnya terhadap niat dan perilaku. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan implikasi bahwa meski sikap produsen rokok dan referents atau orang-orang terdekat mereka berpendapat merokok adalah tidak baik, tapi mereka tetap saja merokok.Niat dan perilaku merokok atau tidak merokok hanya dapat dipengaruhi oleh perubahan pada motivasi mengikuti referents dan perceived behavior control. Kata kunci : Perilaku, niat, sikap, normative belief, motivation to comply, perceived behavior control.

scholarly journals The Influence of Normative Beliefs on Tax-Payers Attitude and Voluntary Tax Compliance Intention

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
Ang Leng Soon ◽  
Chek Derashid ◽  
Zainol Bidin
Keyword(s):  
Reasoned Action ◽  
Tax Compliance ◽  
Subjective Norm ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Normative Belief ◽  
Perceived Ease Of Use ◽  
Normative Beliefs ◽  
Tax Payers ◽  
Tax Filing

As technology advances, individuals will utilise the gadgets in their daily processes. However, individuals may still require views from their peers and other people surrounding in making decisions. The views formed would affect the individual’s attitude towards their actions. This study was administered to understand the influence of normative belief on taxpayers’ attitude towards voluntary tax compliance intention using the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA). A total of 311 responses were obtained from the survey conducted remotely online, which was analysed using Smart PLS 3.0 software. The attitude (ATT) construct was decomposed into several dimensions of general tax filing knowledge, compatibility, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and subjective norm. Interestingly, the study found that normative belief, which was measured using the dimension of the subjective norm, has a significant influence on attitude. Similarly, it was found that general tax filing knowledge does significantly influence attitude. However, the dimensions of compatibility, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness were found to be insignificant. In conclusion, the study recognises that technologies play an essential role in individuals’ attitude on tax compliance. Nevertheless, the views of peers and tax knowledge do have an impact on taxpayers regardless of the compatibility and usefulness of the systems when it comes to the voluntary tax compliance intention.

scholarly journals Using field notes to evaluate competencies in family medicine training: a study of predictors of intention

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e16-e25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Lacasse ◽  
Frédéric Douville ◽  
Émilie Desrosiers ◽  
Luc Côté ◽  
Stéphane Turcotte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Medicine ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Normative Belief ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
Perceived Behavioural Control ◽  
Evaluation Strategy ◽  
Intention To Adopt ◽  
Salient Beliefs ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Field Notes

Background: Documenting feedback during clinical supervision using field notes (FN) is a recommended competency-based evaluation strategy that will require changes in the culture of medical education. This study identified factors influencing the intention to adopt FN in family medicine training, using the theory of planned behaviour.Methods: This mixed-methods study involved clinical teachers (CT) and residents from two family medicine units. Main outcomes were: 1) intention (and its predictors: attitude, perceived behavioural control (PBC) and normative belief) to use FN, assessed using a 7-item Likert scale questionnaire (1: strongly disagree to 7: strongly agree) and 2) related salient beliefs, explored in focus groups three and six months after FN implementation. Results: 27 CT and 28 residents participated. Intention to use FN was 6.20±1.20 and 5.74±1.03 in CT and residents respectively. Predictors of this intention were attitude and PBC (mutually influential: p = 0.04), and normative belief (p = 0.007). Focus groups identified underlying beliefs regarding their use (perceived advantages/disadvantages and facilitators/barriers). Conclusion: Intention to adopt field notes to document competency is influenced by attitude, perceived behavioural control and normative belief. Implementation of field notes should be preceded by interventions that target the identified salient beliefs to improve this competency-based evaluation strategy.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN BEBERAPA VARIABEL PEMBENTUK MINAT BERPERILAKU MENGGUNAKAN FORECAST REPORTING UNTUK KEPUTUSAN INVESTASI PADA SEKURITAS ( Studi Pada Akuntan Pendidik PTN di Pulau Jawa )

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Parwoto Wignjohartojo
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Subjective Norm ◽  
Normative Belief ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Classical Path ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

This study was conducted to measure the causal relationship among components building the intention of accounting lectures to use forecast reporting as additional information on financial statements to make Investment decision on securities.Survey research was applied. Questionares were used to measure and collect data. The classical path analysis was employed. The result of the study show that belief has positive effect toward the attitude, and the attitude has positive effect toward intention of accounting lectures using forecast reporting. But normative belief has positive effect toward subjective norm and subjective norm has negative effect toward intention of accounting lectures using forecast reporting.

scholarly journals The Queerness of the Man-Child

Barnboken ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lance Weldy
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Normative Belief ◽  
Specific Kind ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Child Character ◽  
Child Reader ◽  
Alternate Possibilities

The literary man-child character can function as a subversive agent within the text to expose traditional ideologies and suggest alternate possibilities. Much beloved in Sweden, Karlson from Astrid Lindgren’s Karlson on the Roof trilogy (1955–1968) represents this kind of man-child character in texts for children, particularly through his queerness. The trilogy illuminates Karlson’s queerness by contrasting him with the normative reality of 20th-century Stockholm through his trademark narcissism, primal desires, and illogical or fallacious rhetoric that often invokes silence from children and adults within the story. Through the lens of Jack Halberstam’s queer subcultures, Karlson can be appreciated as a specific kind of literary man-child character that necessitates a legitimated queer visibility. This visibility is cultivated by his non-normative belief system and buttressed by his resistance to being silenced or kept secret from this normative world. Furthermore, Karlson’s queerness fuels his charisma, making him popular because of his behaviour, not despite it. Ultimately, his queerness as a man-child character disrupts traditional boundaries and delineations of the child/adult binary and allows the child reader to witness the vulnerabilities of normative institutions while also appreciating diversity in non-normative family structures.

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