Argentina

2021 ◽  
pp. 110-129
Author(s):  
Alejandro Ecker ◽  
Martin Soto Payva
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Institutional Characteristics ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
General Characterization ◽  
Parliamentary Debate ◽  
Individual Traits ◽  
Textual Data ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Chamber Of Deputies

This chapter explores the institutional setting and identifies the critical determinants of parliamentary speechgiving in the Argentine Chamber of Deputies between 2001 and 2016. We understand and describe access to the parliamentary floor as a complex interplay between formal and informal regulations, which govern the distribution of floor time as a scarce resource between, and its allocation within, political parties. The empirical analysis combines textual data on plenary session speeches with both individual and institutional characteristics of over 1000 Argentine MPs. The analysis results indicate that participation in parliamentary debate is driven by a combination of individual traits such as seniority and MPs’ ability to hold institutionally powerful leadership positions such as that of the parliamentary bloc. At the same time, we observe that the government–opposition divide plays no significant role in parliamentary floor access, which speaks to the Argentine Chamber of Deputies’ general characterization as a consensual institution.

The United Kingdom

2021 ◽  
pp. 775-800
Author(s):  
Jack Blumenau ◽  
Roberta Damiani
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Setting ◽  
House Of Commons ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Parliamentary Debate ◽  
The Commons ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Over Time

We describe the institutional setting of parliamentary debate in the UK House of Commons and assess the determinants of participation in Commons’ debates using data on more than two million speeches from 1979 to 2019. We show that the main determinant of participation in parliamentary debate in the UK is whether an MP holds an institutionally powerful position in either the government or opposition parties. In addition, we describe two patterns in the evolution of debate behavior in the Commons over time. First, although MPs in government and opposition leadership positions give more speeches than backbench MPs in all periods that we study, the speechmaking “bonus” these actors enjoy has decreased over time. Second, MPs have increasingly employed constituency-oriented language in their parliamentary speeches over the past forty years, a finding we link to theoretical accounts of legislative competition in personal-vote-seeking electoral systems.

scholarly journals Economic Growth, Policies and Influencing Factors: The Case of Albania

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Eleni Vangjeli ◽  
Anila Mancka
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Monetary and fiscal policies are two policies that the government could use to keep a high level of growth, with a low inflancion. Fiscal policy has its initial impact on the stock market, while monetary policy in market assets. But, given that the goods and active markets are closely interrelated, both policies, monetary as well as fiscal have impact on the economy, increasing the level of product through the reduction of interest rates. In our paper we will show how functioning monetary and fiscal policies. But also in our paper we will analyze the different factors which have affected the economic growth of the country. The focus of our study is the graphical and empirical analysis of economic growth, policies and influencing factors. For the empirical analysis we have used data on the economic growth in Albania for 1996– 2014.

scholarly journals Models of Grandparents’ Labour in the Socio-Economic Space of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-208
Author(s):  
Anna P. Bagirova ◽  
Oksana M. Shubat
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Foreign researchers consider the phenomenon of grandparents’ labour in the framework of the economy of parental labour. Since the early 2000s, Russian scientists have been actively studying this problem due to high socio-economic disparity of Russian regions, and important strategic objectives stated in the Demography National Project and the Strategy of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation for the period until 2025. We identified and described specific regional situations, namely, models of grandparents’ labour in the socio-economic space of the country. To analyse grandparents’ labour, we examined individual questions of the “Comprehensive monitoring of living conditions” survey published by the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat). The research methodology includes both hierarchical (based on Ward’s method, the square of the Euclidean distance, and other measures) and non-hierarchical cluster analysis (the k-means method). We proposed a method for studying grandparents’ labour based on research of parental labour and international demographic studies on grandparenthood. The empirical analysis revealed 6 models of grandparents’ labour in the socio-economic space of Russia. These models differ in the level and intensity of involvement of older women in the sphere of grandparents’ labour and their potential in this area. For each model of grandparents’ labour, we identified the core regions (groups of regions) involved in the clustering. We explained why the government should be interested in the activation and stimulation of grandparents’ labour in Russian regions. Further research should focus on examining the particularities of grandparents’ labour depending on the actors: men, grandparents living with their grandchildren and apart from them, living in the same city, in the same or different regions of Russia.

The Shaping of Popular Satisfaction with Government and Regime Performance in Germany

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 641-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS R. CUSACK
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Political System ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Government Performance ◽  
The West ◽  
The Government ◽  
Economic Developments ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

The article focuses on citizens’ satisfaction with the German democratic political system. The empirical analysis reported supports the argument that the performance of the economy and the government affect popular satisfaction with the regime. In the East, satisfaction with the regime remains very low and dissatisfaction has spread into West Germany. In the West, the sources of this dissatisfaction are both economic developments and government performance; citizens modify their views on the system as a consequence of the government’s and the economy’s successes and failures. The dynamic is similar in the East. Economic strains, and the perception that the federal government is not making sufficient efforts to equalize living standards, have kept the Eastern population from committing themselves to the new unified political system.

Financial analysts' reaction to voluntary integrated reporting: cross-sectional variation in institutional enforcement contexts

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Rossignoli ◽  
Riccardo Stacchezzini ◽  
Alessandro Lai
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Institutional Characteristics ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Integrated Reporting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
Sustainability Disclosure ◽  
Moderating Role

PurposeEuropean countries are likely to increasingly adopt integrated reporting (IR) voluntarily, after the 2014/95/EU Directive is revised and other initiatives are implemented. Therefore, the present study provides insights on the relevance of IR in voluntary contexts by exploring analysts' reactions to the release of integrated reports in diverse institutional settings.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on voluntary disclosure theory, a quantitative empirical research method is used to explore the moderating role of country-level institutional characteristics on the associations between voluntary IR release and analyst forecast accuracy and dispersion.FindingsIR informativeness is not uniform in the voluntary context and institutional settings play a moderating role. IR release is associated with increased consensus among analyst forecasts. However, in countries with weak institutional enforcement, a reverse association is detected, indicating that analysts rely largely on IR where the institutional setting strongly protects investors. Although a strong institutional setting boosts the IR release usefulness in terms of accuracy, it creates noise in analyst consensus.Research limitations/implicationsAcademics can appreciate the usefulness of voluntary IR across the institutional enforcement contexts.Practical implicationsManagers can use these findings to understand opportunities offered by IR voluntary release. The study recommends that policymakers, standard setters and regulators strengthen the institutional enforcement of sustainability disclosure.Originality/valueThis study is a unique contribution to recent calls for research on the effects of nonfinancial disclosure regulation and on IR “impacts”. It shows on the international scale that IR usefulness for analysts is moderated by institutional patterns, not country-level institutional characteristics.

Women at Leadership Positions in Bangladesh Civil Service

2021 ◽  
pp. 2031-2041
Author(s):  
Fardaus Ara
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Women In Leadership ◽  
Leadership Position ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
Gender Parity ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government ◽  
Status Of Women

This paper discusses the status of women in leadership position in the Bangladesh Civil Service (BCS) following content analysis. This study argues that although the number of women in the class I position in the civil service has increased, their position in terms of power and influence on decision-making is still insignificant. In particular, the number of women in the leadership position in the civil service does not reflect gender parity that the government of Bangladesh is committed to achieve.

Gender and Urban Local Government in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 933-948
Author(s):  
Fardaus Ara
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
Gender Parity ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
The Government ◽  
Urban Local Government ◽  
Women In Decision Making

Empowerment of women is a universal slogan. Worldwide, several strategies are carried on by international organizations to ensure active participation of women in decision-making. Active participation at all level of politics is necessary in this regard. Likewise, the government of Bangladesh has adopted various programs and policies to ensure gender equality in all sectors of life. Relevant laws and ordinances are revised, and new provisions are incorporated in the laws where necessary. One-third seats are kept reserved for women to be elected at the urban local government. However, gender disparity is evident at this level. Women are mostly seen as reserved seat councilors. They are almost absent in the leadership positions. In Bangladesh, women's participation in local government politics is hampered due to multi-faceted factors ranging from socio-cultural to political. The male-dominating political parties can play a major role to bring gender parity in politics by nominating and supporting more women in the local government election.

3.8 The standard layout of a treaty A treaty, like English legislation, has a standard format. At the beginning of the treaty is a preamble setting out the main goals of the treaty and the aspirations of the parties. It is divided into clusters of items dealing with similar matters. Each cluster is called a title (which roughly equates with the division of an English statute into parts). Titles contain numbered items called Articles, each one setting out a basic rule or principle. Articles can be divided into paragraphs and subparagraphs. The numbering system is Arabic and it not as dense and complex as that used by English statutes. Figure 5.3: standard layout of a treaty 5.3.9 How do obligations entered into through treaties become part of English law? If the UK government wishes all, or part of a treaty, to become part of English law it must specifically incorporate the treaty, or part of it, into the English legal system via legislation. This legislation goes through the same procedures as any other piece of legislation. If the government expects the treaty to give rise to a range of other measures over time it will usually place sections in this legislation delegating the authority to make later legal changes to others (such as the minister of appropriate government departments). This saves time as there is no need for the full legislative process in Parliament. Whilst it is still the subject of parliamentary debate, it does have a fast track procedure. In relation to treaties becoming part of English law in this way, there is always the possibility that Parliament may refuse to enact the legislation, which would leave the government in an extremely difficult situation. However, the UK Parliament is usually controlled by the political party forming the government and the government would not risk the embarrassment of failure but would guage its position in Parliament prior to signature of a relevant treaty.

2012 ◽  
pp. 132-133
Keyword(s):  
Basic Rule ◽  
The Political ◽  
Legislative Process ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Standard Format ◽  
Parliamentary Debate ◽  
The Subject ◽  
English Law ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals Analysis on the Effect of Chinese Medical Reform Policy on Medical Listed Companies -- Empirical Analysis on Listed Companies’ Stocks Returns

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Xiaoqian Fu
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Study Finding ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Systemic Reform ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Medical Reform ◽  
Stock Market Reaction ◽  
Industrial Planning ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

This paper studies the stock market reaction of medical reform policies to examine policies’ effect on the listed companies which invested in hospital. This paper applies the method of Event Study, finding out that the announcement of the new round of medical and health systemic reform in 2009, the key work for medical and health systemic reform and its detailed rules of implementation in 2010, and the setting of several specific goals to develop the private hospitals run by civilians in 2012, have taken increases of listed companies’ stocks returns (rate of return) by 2.95%, 4.64% and 4.92% separately. That means the whole market value rose by almost 55 billion, 128 billion, and 131 billion of RMB respectively. The empirical analysis results show that share price’s return rate of the listed companies which invested in hospital are significantly associated with industrial planning and supporting policies launched by the government. That is to say, Chinese government’s policy which began to encourage and guide civilian capital to develop the medical industry stimulated the medical and health industry effectively and significantly.

Causes of China's Low Consumption from the Perspective of Local Governmental Competition

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-31
Author(s):  
Yaling Zhu ◽  
Huifang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
General Equilibrium ◽  
Public Goods ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Taking into account the three-sector general equilibrium perspective of the government, business, and household sectors and taking government public goods investment as intermediary; this article builds mathematical models of local governmental competition and three-sector consumption. It also theoretically analyzes the impacting path of local governmental competition, causing increased investment in public goods, thereby reducing consumption. At the same time, based on the model of China's provincial panel data from 1993 to 2015, the empirical analysis shows that a 1% increase in the level of competition among local governments will result in a corresponding decrease of 0.757% in total consumption, 0.348% in governmental competition, 0.340% in business consumption and 0.366% in household consumption. Local governmental competition leads to the government's tendency to invest in public goods and reduces the regional consumption, which especially damages the consumption capacity of the household sector.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document