Miss Exotic World

Author(s):  
Kaitlyn Regehr

Neo-burlesque has been praised by dance scholarship as a body positive, feminist, safe space that has celebrated difference and argued for a broader spectrum of beauty, gender representation, and orientation. Since the inception of the movement, performers have made the pilgrimage to the Burlesque Hall of Fame pageant, and now claim titles such as Best Troupe, the King of Boylesque, and Miss Exotic World. Utilizing an ethnographic methodology, by way of participant observation and interview data, this chapter examines the author’s experience of serving as a judge at this pageant. It analyzes performers’ efforts to “authentically” recreate this mid-twentieth-century form of exotic dance and argues that such attempts can perpetuate historic prejudices with regard to body size, sexual orientation, and race. Additionally, it suggests that the process of competition often normalizes and regulates this inclusive performance practice, and is fundamentally at odds with the supposed philosophies of the neo-burlesque community.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 4061
Author(s):  
David Gallar-Hernández

Bolstering the political formation of agrarian organizations has become a priority for La Vía Campesina and the Food Sovereignty Movement. This paper addresses the Spanish case study of the Escuela de Acción Campesina (EAC)—(Peasant Action School), which is a tool for political formation in the Global North in which the philosophical and pedagogical principles of the “peasant pedagogies” of the Training Schools proposed by La Vía Campesina are put into practice within an agrarian organization in Spain and in alliance with the rest of the Spanish Food Sovereignty Movement. The study was carried out over the course of the 10 years of activist research, spanning the entire process for the construction and development of the EAC. Employing an ethnographic methodology, information was collected through participant observation, ethnographic interviews, a participatory workshop, and reviews of internal documents. The paper presents the context in which the EAC arose, its pedagogical dynamics, the structure and the ideological contents implemented for the training of new cadres, and how there are three key areas in the training process: (1) the strengthening of collective union and peasant identity, (2) training in the “peasant” ideological proposal, and (3) the integration of students as new cadres into the organizations’ structures. It is concluded that the EAC is a useful tool in the ideological re-peasantization process of these organizations.


Author(s):  
Rupert S Tipples

This paper des cribes and analyses how a labour and skills shortage in agriculture (used in the generic and inclusive sense) emerged here in New Zealand towards the end of the twentieth century and how it has been responded to by the industry and government. It delineates a collaborative response to a type of problem affecting many sectors of the New Zealand economy at the present time. A serendipitous conjunction of improved industry economics, productive policy provision, and ministerial and industry will facilitated the creation of a new pan primary industry organisation with the somewhat unwieldy title Human Capability in Agriculture and Horticulture. A picture of what happened has been built up using a range of methodologies (historical- both documentary and oral; case studies; participant observation: and action research) to explain what led to its formation and sub sequent progress. Prospects for the future are reviewed with a view to isolating critical features which may be of benefit to other industries experiencing similar labour and skills shortages.


Author(s):  
Antonio Palomino Martín ◽  
Rosa Marchena Gómez ◽  
Eduardo Ramos Verde

Resumen:El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la interacción comunicativa profesorado- alumnado en Educación Física, esto es, el modo en que el profesorado en sus clases valora a sus alumnos, personaliza, es flexible, mantiene humor, feedback o, por el contrario, establece tensiones, antagonismos, favoritismos, imprime velocidad a su enseñanza o desacredita al alumnado. El análisis se realizó a partir de diversas clases de Primaria y Secundaria, lo que permitió crear un punto de comparación entre ambas etapas. La metodología aplicada fue etnográfica, acogiéndonos a un estudio de casos múltiples y siguiendo un paradigma ecológico de investigación en el aula. La observación participante fue el instrumento utilizado para recoger la información. Mediante un muestreo intencional, los casos seleccionados alcanzaron sesenta y siete sesiones de clase, veintinueve de Primaria y treinta y ocho de Secundaria, con una ratio media de alumnos por etapa de 24.7 y 28,3 respectivamente. En todos los grupos se observaron, al menos, cinco sesiones, excepto en sexto de Primaria que fueron cuatro. Se aplicó un sistema de análisis categorial y una triangulación de investigadores, cuantificándose las unidades de información surgidas, hallándose, posteriormente, las correspondientes frecuencias y porcentajes. Los resultados reflejaron, entre otras cuestiones, que en ambas etapas había tendencias similares en la aparición de situaciones de antagonismo, tensiones, favoritismo, ausencias de feedback y descréditos. No coincidieron, por el contrario, las veces que la relación se personalizaba y había humor y ánimos, siendo mayores estas situaciones en Secundaria que en Primaria. En esta etapa, por el contrario, tienden a realizar más feed-back de corrección. En conclusión, la interacción profesorado-alumnado descubrió a un profesorado de Secundaria de Educación Física con más cercanía comunicativa que los de Primaria, aunque globalmente se estaba produciendo una relación más cercana en ambas etapas si lo comparamos con otras áreas curriculares.Abstract:The aim of this research is to analyze the communicative interaction teacher-student in Physical Education, this is, the way in which teachers appreciate students in their lessons, personalize, are flexible, maintains mood, feedback or, on the other hand, establishes tension, antagonism, favoritisms, gives speed its teaching or discredits students. Analysis was made from different Primary and Secondary lessons, which helped to create a base line between both stages. Ethnographic methodology was applied, taking into account a multiple choice study and following an ecologic research paradigm in the classroom. Participant observation was the instrument used to collect information. Using a purposive sampling, study case were sixty seven lessons, twenty nine from Primary and thirty eight from Secondary, with a student average ratio per stage of 24.7 and 28.3 respectively. All groups were observed at least, five sessions, except in sixth grade that was four. A system of categorical analysis and triangulation of investigators was applied, and quantified information units arising, being subsequently the frequencies and percentages. The results showed, among other things, that both stages had similar trends in the occurrence of situations of antagonism, tension, favoritism, lack of feedback and discrediting. They did not agree, however, the relationship was personalized and had humor and encouragement, these situations were higher in Secondary than in Primary education. At this stage, however, they tend to perform more feedback correction. In conclusion, the teacher - student interaction, discovered a Secondary teacher of physical education more communicative proximity to the Primary, but overall was taking a closer relationship in both stages when compared with other curricular areas.


2020 ◽  
pp. 19-40
Author(s):  
Ю.Б. Абдоков

В статье впервые в отечественном искусствознании рассматривается феномен творческого взаимодействия одного из крупнейших оркестровых композиторов ХХ столетия Бориса Александровича Чайковского (1925–1996) и выдающегося российского дирижера, профессора Санкт-Петербургской консерватории Эдуарда Афанасьевича Серова (1937–2016). Основным предметом анализа является интерпретация, запечатленная в премьерной студийной записи Первой симфонии Б. Чайковского, осуществленной Серовым в июне 2006 года. Масштабный оркестровый опус, сочиненный Б. Чайковским, когда он был студентом в консерваторском классе Д. Д. Шостаковича, никогда прежде не исследовался в российском музыкознании. Тембровая поэтика и архитектоника самой ранней циклической партитуры Б. Чайковского осмыслены в контексте изучения авторского оркестрового стиля и его слагаемых, включая те, которые обозначены самим композитором («тембровая оптика», «перспективные планы», «атмосферная среда» и т. д.). Принципиально важным в оценке дирижерской трактовки Серова является анализ стилевой адекватности, проявляющейся в исполнительской расшифровке того, что Б. Чайковский, анализируя музыку других авторов, называл «темброво-поэтическим кодом» оркестровой партитуры. В статье впервые публикуется уникальный эпистолярный документ — послание Шостаковича своему ученику (после показа симфонии на композиторской кафедре Московской консерватории); также приводятся суждения самого Б. Чайковского, в которых он оценивает профессиональные качества Серова-дирижера и делится личными представлениями о стилевом аутентизме в дирижерском и шире — исполнительском искусстве. The article represents the first attempt in the Russian art criticism to deal with the phenomenon of creative interaction between one of the greatest orchestral composers of the twentieth century — Boris A. Tchaikovsky (1925–1996) and an outstanding Russian conductor — professor of Saint Petersburg Conservatoire Eduard A. Serov (1937–2016). The main subject of the analysis is the interpretation of B. Tchaikovsky’s First Symphony performed by Serov in June 2006, provided in the premiere studio record. This large-scale orchestral opus composed by B. Tchaikovsky while being a student in the Conservatory class of Dmitri D. Shostakovich has never been studied in Russian musicology before. Timbre poetics and architectonics of the earliest cyclic score by B. Tchaikovsky are conceptualized in the context of the author’s orchestral style and its components, including those designated by the composer himself (“timbre optics”, “perspective plans”, “atmospheric environment”, etc.). The analysis of stylistic adequacy, which B. Tchaikovsky called the “timbral-poetic code”, is fundamentally important in the conductor’s interpretation of the score by Serov. B. Tchaikovsky himself used this term while analyzing the music of other authors. This article is the first to publish a unique epistolary document — Shostakovich’s letter to his pupil (written after the performance of the Symphony at the Moscow Conservatory’s composition department), as well as the previously unpublished judgements of B. Tchaikovsky himself concerning Serov’s professional qualities as a conductor, and style authenticity in conducting and — more widely — in the performance practice.


2020 ◽  
pp. 123-150
Author(s):  
Melanie C. Hawthorne

Throughout the course of the twentieth century and into the twenty-first, women's claims to citizenship in their own right have gradually been recognized in Europe and the US, though some exceptions still remain (as charted in a parallel chronology). Yet citizenship remains tied to broad cultural assumptions about gender and enforces gender norms. The resurgence of nationalism in the twenty-first century suggests and the success of "gay pride" movements may have shifted shame away from sexual orientation and onto national belonging, but the question remains whether the underlying structural ideological isomorphism has shifted.


Author(s):  
Sébastien Billioud

The introduction provides some background information about the Yiguandao, focusing on its historical roots, its ideology (spiritual lineages/daotong, syncretism, cosmology, millenarian eschatology), and its history across the twentieth century. The aim is to get a better understanding of what the Yiguandao has now become, that is to say, a transnational religious organization with a global footprint that currently attempts to reestablish itself in Mainland China where its expansion was strong before 1949. Mainland China, precisely, is the spiritual wilderness that the group ambitions to reclaim by promoting its Way of Heaven (Tiandao). The introduction also addresses the issue of fieldwork and more specifically participant observation and its difficulties in the context of new religions.


2020 ◽  
pp. 168-195
Author(s):  
Christopher Morton

Chapter 7 examines Evans-Pritchard’s photographic record of the Nuer rite of gorot, witnessed in 1936, and raises questions about the relationship between photography and participant-observation as a core research method in early twentieth-century anthropology. The chapter explores the question of why Evans-Pritchard’s record of this ritual is characterized by a sustained visual engagement with two distinct stages of the rite, and why other aspects of the ceremony are not recorded. In order to explore this question, the chapter proposes the model of Evans-Pritchard as ‘participant-photographer’—a model that understands his involvement with the ritual as being composed of periods of photographic engagement interposed with observation and note-taking. Placing Evans-Pritchard back into the field through a careful examination of his fieldwork records of a particular event enables us to gain a new insight into not just his fieldwork methods, but his proximity, involvement, and perspective on key elements of the ritual as they unfolded.


Author(s):  
Leonardo Cardoso

This chapter focuses on several attempts to mobilize sound-politics via a range of techniques, devices, and national and international standards. I consider how experts have managed to stabilize two central actors: ears and norms. In the early twentieth century, experts generated the “average normal ear,” which I call Ear 1.0, the first actor. The second actor is the sound level meter, the Ear 2.0, a black box responsible for emulating Ear 1.0 and conveying reliable quantified information. As other authors have already traced the fascinating history of the stabilization of Ears 1.0 and 2.0 in the early twentieth century, I simply summarize some of these debates. The second section focuses on the Brazilian Technical Standards Association (ABNT). In the 2010s, experts faced the daunting task of revising two technical standards for assessing environmental noise. As I show, drawing on participant observation, interviews, and minutes of meetings between 2011 and 2017, this task was difficult because these revisions involved the input of groups with different interests and different understandings of what a technical standard should do.


Author(s):  
Andrea Chiovenda

Crafting Masculine Selves represents a journey into the culture and psychological dynamics of a select group of Afghan Pashtun men. The book is based on eighteen months of fieldwork in a volatile area of Afghanistan, adjoining the border with Pakistan, carried out between 2009 and 2013. In addition to participant observation, the author employed a person-centered ethnographic methodology, wherein he conducted long-term, one-on-one interview sessions with four male individuals, and analyzed four additional life trajectories. The book unveils and chronicles how the creation and use of multiple subjectivities, and the unconscious, dissociative interplay that the individual maintains between them, is one of the “stratagems” with which individuals manage to make sense of what happens to them in real life, and to pragmatically inhabit personal circumstances that are often marred by conflict and violence, both at the interpersonal and at the political level. The main cultural thread the book investigates is that of masculinity, a crucial idiom in a very androcentric Pashtun society. Virtually all the interlocutors the book presents have to navigate deep private conflicts and contradictions related to how society expects them to be appropriate, proper men, against the backdrop of a sociopolitical Afghan context heavily impacted by almost forty years of uninterrupted war. Feeling constrained by the strict norms about a severe and honor-bound masculinity in a quickly changing Afghanistan, but equally striving to be culturally validated by their own peers, these men struggle to create and publicly legitimize their own, idiosyncratic way of being appropriate men. While they suffer at times the stern rebuke of their social environment, all the same they represent the seeds for a change of those very cultural norms.


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