Epigraphy

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommaso Begio
Keyword(s):  
Roman Law ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Roman Society ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Essential Contribution ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter deals with the role of legal epigraphy within the study of Roman law and Roman society. After an introductory definition of this discipline, in which some of its peculiarities are stressed, it follows a brief description of the different types of epigraphic legal documents, to finish then with a florilegium of this kind of documents. The aim of the work is to stress, through the analysis of a few sources (but not only through well-known sources), the essential contribution, that inscriptions offer us to gain a more complete and more nuanced view of the system of Roman law in all its complexity.

Performance Evaluation Methods for Microgrippers

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Ruggeri ◽  
Gianmauro Fontana ◽  
Irene Fassi ◽  
Giovanni Legnani
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Preliminary Survey ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Performance Indices ◽  
Task Requirements ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Definition Of

In precise manipulation and assembly of components with sub-millimetric dimensions, the role of the gripping tools is fundamental. In the literature, many different types of the so-called microgrippers have been presented, based on different working principles, to cope with the issues related to the gripping, the handling and the release of different micro-components. Depending on the component properties, the task requirements and the system constraints, a microgripper could be more suitable than another and allow the achievement of higher performance. However, the performance assessment of the microgrippers lacks of a standardized and quantitative methodology. Many authors declare the good capabilities of their tools in a qualitative way or according to the results obtained executing specific and different tasks. For this reason, it is often difficult to compare different microgrippers and estimate the actual results that can be obtained e.g. in the gripping or the release of a component. In this context, after a preliminary survey of the adopted approaches in literature and of their meaning, this paper investigates the conception and formalization of methods and procedures to evaluate the performance of a generic microgripper and the definition of standard performance indices to support the presentation of the microgripper characteristics.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the European Union’s Policy of Cryptocurrencies‘ Regulation

2021 ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Ieva Turskytė ◽  
Alfreda Šapkauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Regional Institutions ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Regulatory Guidelines ◽  
Digital Money ◽  
Definition Of

In 2008, a global financial crisis happened. It led to strong currency price volatility. Because of that, discussions on the need for an alternative, institution-independent currency occurred. Due to this reason the first decentralized cryptocurrency Bitcoin was created. The new and not yet explored concept of cryptocurrency changed the previously strictly defined role of money. Currently, with the growth of the cryptocurrency market, the most important regional institutions (e.g. FED, EBA) provide regulatory guidelines of a recommendatory nature. The regulations of these institutions remain significant, reflecting the dominant approach to digital money. Because of this reason, the aim of the study is to identify the factors that determine the difficulties in the legalization process of cryptocurrencies and to investigate the features of the European Union's cryptocurrency regulatory policy. Methods used: analysis of scientific literature and legal documents, systematization, comparison, interpretation and generalization of information. The results of the study show that the European Union has taken active regulatory action with the growing importance of cryptocurrencies in the world. To date, a document regulating the definition of cryptocurrencies has not yet been adopted at Union level, but the adoption of the cryptocurrency regulation proposal presented in 2020 would mean greater clarity and security for cryptocurrency issuers, intermediaries and users.

PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF SOCIAL MEDIA USERS’ ACTIVITY

2019 ◽  
pp. 160-181
Author(s):  
O. P. Sosniuk ◽  
I. V. Оstapenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Active Participant ◽  
Media Impact ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Psychological Features ◽  
Civic Competence

The article deals with the analysis of psychological features of social media users’ activity. The authors discuss the main approaches to the classification of social media, clarify the definition of this concept. The article presents the analysis of the typologies of social media users. According to the results of the qualitative study, the authors identified eight types of social media users, (considering the specifics of their activity: 1) generator of creolized content; 2) initiator of the discussion; 3) active participant in the discussion; 4) spreader of the creolized content; 5) imitator; 6) conformist; 7) observer; 8) inactive user. The psychological characteristics of the activity of these types of users of social media are identified. It has been proved that there are some differences in the ratio of different types of users for the most popular social networks (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter) and messengers (Telegram, Viber). It is determined that the leading types of users are: for the Facebook – discussion initiator, active discussion participant, conformist; for the Instagram – generator of creolized content, spreader of the creolized content, and a follower; for the Twitter – generator of creolized content, spreader of the creolized content and a discussion initiator; for Telegram – discussion initiator, active discussion participant, spreader of the creolized content; for Viber messenger – initiator of discussions, active participant of discussions, conformist. The prospects for further research are outlined: verification of the typology of social media users in an expanded sample, specification of the psychological profile of different types of social media users, creation of technologies for development of personality’s media competence, identification of preconditions for constructive social media impact on users, exploration of the role of social media in the process of building a personality’s civic competence.

scholarly journals Role of earth-abundant selenium in different types of solar cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-139
Author(s):  
Tania Dey
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Electrolyte Additive ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Earth Abundant ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract This mini review covers a brief overview of three generations of solar cells, definition of major photovoltaic (PV) parameters, mechanisms, advantages and limitations of different types of solar cells such as multijunction, thin film, quantum dot, dye sensitized and perovskite solar cells, and what role the earth abundant selenium can play in each type of solar cells, followed by a comparative study of the benefits and challenges that selenium can o er in terms of PV properties, as well as the major players and cost analysis in this arena. As far as PV properties are concerned, BaZr(S0.6Se0.4)3 distorted chalcogenide perovskite solar cell can possibly lead the future, the next best ones being AlGaInP multijunction solar cell with Se emitter dopant and Se electrolyte additive in Zn-Cu-In-Se QD-sensitized solar cell. Cost-wise perovskite cell holds a lot of promise, but the e cacy of selenium needs to be explored further.

scholarly journals G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs)-Mediated Calcium Signaling in Ovarian Cancer: Focus on GPCRs activated by Neurotransmitters and Inflammation-Associated Molecules

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 5568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Predescu ◽  
Crețoiu ◽  
Crețoiu ◽  
Pavelescu ◽  
Suciu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Chemokine Receptors ◽  
Ovarian Cell Lines ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Protein Receptors ◽  
Essential Contribution ◽  
Molecular Signals ◽  
G Protein Coupled

G-coupled protein receptors (GCPR) involve several signaling pathways, some of them being coupled with intracellular calcium (Ca2+) mobilization. GPCRs were involved in migration, invasion and metastasis of different types of cancers, including ovarian cancer. Many studies have discussed the essential contribution of GPCRs activated by steroid hormones in ovarian cancer. However, ovarian cancer is also associated with altered signals coming from the nervous system, the immune system or the inflammatory environment, in which GPCRs are ‘sensing’ these molecular signals. Many studies have been oriented so far on ovarian cell lines (most of them being of human cell lines), and only few studies based on animal models or clinical studies have been devoted to the expression changes or functional role of GPCRs in ovarian cancer. In this paper, we review the alterations of GPCRs activated by neurotransmitters (muscarinic receptors, serotonin receptors, dopamine receptors, adrenoceptors) or inflammation-associated molecules (bradykinin receptors, histamine receptors, chemokine receptors) in ovarian cancer and we discuss their potential as histological biomarkers.

scholarly journals Analysis: Role of Sahabiyat in Different Profession During Risalat period

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-34
Author(s):  
Ubaid Ahmed Khan ◽  
Hayat Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Health Facilities ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Female Children ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Definition Of

The present research article elaborates the following two points:(1) The first part of the article briefly discuses the following topics: definition of livelihood, sourcesand intention of livelihood.(2) The second part of this article describes details about (sahabiyat), the female companions of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) who were attached to different types of trade and occupations. For example, some (sahabiyat) female companions of Holy Prophet (Peace be upon him) were attached with the occupation of trade like Hazrat Khadija and Hazrat Qeela Anmaria,(May Allah be pleased with them) some adopted the profession of adornment and beautification like Ume Zufar and Ume Sulaim, (May Allah be pleased with them) and others adopted the profession of midwifery like, Hazrat Salma Ume Arfa, some were performing the circumcision of female children (according to the culture of Arabs) like, Hazrat Ume Atia Ansaria, some were attached with the profession of feeding children like ,Hazrat Haleema Sadia, some adopted the trade of perfumes like Hazrat Asma bint Makhrama, some were maid servants like, Hazrat Barera, some were sewing clothes like Hazrat Fatima Bint sheiba,some were physicians and were providing health facilities, like Hazrat Ayesha. The article further elaborates another point that these female companions of prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) were not involved in these professions for the purpose of wealth, it further proves that they were doing and were experts in these professions to facilitate the Society.

scholarly journals Definición jurídica de la familia en el derecho romano : legal definition of the family in roman law

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mª Eva Fernández Baquero
Keyword(s):  
Family Law ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
The Political ◽  
Legal Institution ◽  
Roman Society ◽  
Cultural Transformations ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Family ◽  
Legal Texts ◽  
Definition Of

A diferencia de las declaraciones genéricas de la actual legislación internacional que evita definir a la familia, en las fuentes jurídicas romanas contamos con definiciones de familia en los textos jurídicos. Ello otorgó a la sociedad romana dar la suficiente seguridad para consolidar los pilares fundamentales del Derecho de Familia en el Derecho Romano. Y es que, en Roma como en la actualidad, la familia –como institución jurídica– no fue inmutable, sufrió cambios importantes a lo largo de los siglos en función de las transformaciones políticas, sociales y culturales. Sin embargo, y a diferencia del Derecho actual, dichos cambios tuvieron siempre presente el contenido sustancial y jurídico de lo que implica la idea primordial de la familia pues, dichas definiciones jurídicas, sirvieron como punto de partida para encontrar nuevas soluciones.Unlike generic statements of current international legislation that avoid defining family, in Roman legal sources there are definitions of family in legal texts. This granted Roman society sufficient certainty to consolidate the fundamental pillars of family law in Roman law. And in Rome, as at the present, the family – as a legal institution – was not immutable, it suffered major changes over the centuries on the basis of the political, social and cultural transformations. However, and contrary to current law, changes always had present substantial and legal content of what the primary idea of family was because such legal definitions served as a starting point to finding new solutions.

14. Political Parties

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Morlino
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Democratic Consolidation ◽  
Transition To Democracy ◽  
Party Competition ◽  
Actual Role ◽  
Transitions To Democracy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter examines the role of political parties in the processes of democratization, that is, during transition, installation, and consolidation, and the possible phases of democratic crisis. It first considers the definition of a political party within the processes of democratization before discussing how parties can be indispensable for the actual working of democracy. It then explores the actual role of political parties during transitions to democracy and during democratic consolidation, and in different types of crises. It also describes basic patterns of transition to democracy as well as key elements of democratic consolidation, including electoral stabilization and emergence of recurring patterns of party competition. The chapter shows that parties are dominant in the process of transition, even if not always hegemonic.

14. Political Parties

2018 ◽  
pp. 212-227
Author(s):  
Leonardo Morlino
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Democratic Consolidation ◽  
Transition To Democracy ◽  
Party Competition ◽  
Actual Role ◽  
Transitions To Democracy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter examines the role of political parties in the processes of democratization, that is, during transition, installation, and consolidation, and the possible phases of democratic crisis. It first considers the definition of a political party within the processes of democratization before discussing how parties can be indispensable for the actual working of democracy. It then explores the actual role of political parties during transitions to democracy and during democratic consolidation, and in different types of crises. It also describes basic patterns of transition to democracy as well as key elements of democratic consolidation, including electoral stabilization and emergence of recurring patterns of party competition. The chapter shows that parties are dominant in the process of transition, even if not always hegemonic.

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