Legal Ethnology and Legal Anthropology in Hungary

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balázs Fekete
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Legal Anthropology ◽  
Sociocultural Context ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Further Development

In this chapter, the history of legal ethnology and of legal anthropology in Hungary are viewed within a common frame. Contemporary Hungarian legal anthropologists see earlier legal ethnologists as important precursors; however, they also recognize that legal ethnology cannot be directly revitalized in the post-transitional period. Four phases of the history of these approaches to law in sociocultural context are discussed: (1) the birth of ethnographic interest in law around 1900; (2) the legislative programme focusing on the in-depth study of folk law at the end of the interwar period; (3) the decline and rehabilitation of legal ethnology in the socialist era; and (4) the emergence of ‘Western-style’ legal anthropology beginning in the 1990s. The chapter concludes with the observation that the conditions for the further development of legal anthropology in Hungary seem to be unfavourable.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Architectural Stylistics and Functional Spatial Structure of Interwar Lithuanian Schools in the Global Context

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Grėtė Brukštutė
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
General Education ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
Regional Context ◽  
Global Context ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Further Development

Abstract The article analyses and compares general education and specialised schools built in Lithuania, Europe and the USA during inter-war years. The main problem analysed in the article is the correspondence between the architectural stylistics and functional spatial structure of interwar Lithuanian school buildings with the same typology buildings in the regional context. The aim of the article is to assess the essence of changes of architectural stylistics and functional spatial structure, what caused these changes. Interwar architecture in Lithuania has many of the main trends of the global architecture of that time, so undoubtedly interwar period is considered to be one of the most significant periods in the history of Lithuanian architecture, which has laid the foundations for the further development of Lithuanian architecture.

scholarly journals Study of Dagestan through the 9th-13th centuries Arabic sources in historiography of Russian and overseas scholars

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-411
Author(s):  
Magomed A. Gizbulaev
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Historical Geography ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Source Study ◽  
Further Development

The article reviews main works of Russian and foreign authors devoted to the study of the history of medieval Dagestan based on Arabic sources of the 9th-13th centuries on a chronological basis. The Dagestan society political and social life, historical geography, islamization of the region were these and other questions under the focus of these scholars who had developed them on the basis of the in-depth study and knowledge of Arabic historical and geographical sources. The scientific novelty of the paper is determined by the fact that in this work a comparative study of the literature throughout the 19th and early 21st centuries, belonging to the Russian and foreign historiography on Dagestan according to the Arab authors of the 9th-13th centuries, is carried out. The material presented in the article makes it possible to see the source-study outcomes of scholars in studying the history of medieval Dagestan from early Arabic sources, and shows different aspects of the problem which need further development.

scholarly journals Models of Egypt’s self-identifi cation in the interwar period (1919-1939)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-370
Author(s):  
Ibragim Eminovich Ibragimov ◽  
Andrey Aleksandrovich Kudelin
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Muslim Country ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Arab Muslim ◽  
History Of ◽  
Further Development

In the article, the authors consider the models of self-identification typical for the public thought of Egypt of the interwar period. In the fi rst half of XX century Egypt entered an important period of its history. As one of the fi rst formally independent Arab States, Egypt continued to struggle for full sovereignty from the United Kingdom while seeking to establish itself as a regional leader. In this regard, the leading thinkers of Egypt tried to determine the place of their country in the world and fi nd the most acceptable ideology for it, which could also rally other Arab, Muslim, Asian and African countries around Egypt. The article touched upon four concepts that were developed during the interwar period and infl uenced the further development of public thought in Egypt. Some thinkers have tried to develop a model of secular pan-Arabism based on the ideas of al-Kawakibi and al-Husri. For these authors, Egypt was an integral part of the Arab world and the core of its possible unifi cation. The second concept was related to pan-Islamism: developing the ideas of al-Afghani, the ideologues of this direction interpreted Egypt primarily as a Muslim country and part of the Dar al-Islam . For example, “Muslim Brotherhood” belonged to this group. The third concept is associated with the comprehension of the identity of Egypt through the idea of “pharaonism” and “ tamsir ” modern Egyptians declared heirs of the ancient Egyptian civilization. The fourth concept, conventionally named Eastern Idea or Easternism , was founded on the opposition of all the countries of the East to Western countries. Each of the areas of identity of Egypt - pan-Arab, pan-Islamic, Egyptian (“pharaonism”) and Easternism - made a contribution to the development of the identity of Egyptian society in the interwar period, and somehow infl uenced on the history of Egypt in the second half of the XX century.

Towards the digital land reclamation

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Sergey Vasil'ev ◽  
Vyacheslav Schedrin ◽  
Aleksandra Slabunova ◽  
Vladimir Slabunov
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Scientific Potential ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Full Cooperation

The aim of the research is a retrospective analysis of the history and stages of development of digital land reclamation in Russia, the definition of «Digital land reclamation» and trends in its further development. In the framework of the retrospective analysis the main stages of melioration formation are determined. To achieve the maximum effect of the «digital reclamation» requires full cooperation of practical experience and scientific potential accumulated throughout the history of the reclamation complex, and the latest achievements of science and technology, which is currently possible only through the full digitalization of reclamation activities. The introduction of «digital reclamation» will achieve greater potential and effect in the modernization of the reclamation industry in the «hightech industry», through the use of innovative developments and optimal management decisions.

The Challenges in Dealing with Organized Crime and its Consequences in Modern Societies in Albania, Kosovo and Macedonia – the Balkan Peninsula

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Bashkim Selmani ◽  
Bekim Maksuti
Keyword(s):  
Organized Crime ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Organized Crime Groups ◽  
Further Development

The profound changes within the Albanian society, including Albania, Kosovo and Macedonia, before and after they proclaimed independence (in exception of Albania), with the establishment of the parliamentary system resulted in mass spread social negative consequences such as crime, drugs, prostitution, child beggars on the street etc. As a result of these occurred circumstances emerged a substantial need for changes within the legal system in order to meet and achieve the European standards or behaviors and the need for adoption of many laws imported from abroad, but without actually reading the factual situation of the psycho-economic position of the citizens and the consequences of the peoples’ occupations without proper compensation, as a remedy for the victims of war or peace in these countries. The sad truth is that the perpetrators not only weren’t sanctioned, but these regions remained an untouched haven for further development of criminal activities, be it from the public state officials through property privatization or in the private field. The organized crime groups, almost in all cases, are perceived by the human mind as “Mafia” and it is a fact that this cannot be denied easily. The widely spread term “Mafia” is mostly known around the world to define criminal organizations.The Balkan Peninsula is highly involved in these illegal groups of organized crime whose practice of criminal activities is largely extended through the Balkan countries such as Kosovo, Albania, Macedonia, Serbia, Bosnia, Croatia, Montenegro, etc. Many factors contributed to these strategic countries to be part of these types of activities. In general, some of the countries have been affected more specifically, but in all of the abovementioned countries organized crime has affected all areas of life, leaving a black mark in the history of these states.

Cyriel Verschaeve aan zuster Gabriël. Zeven brieven, op het nippertje gered van de vernietiging...

2006 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-325
Author(s):  
Luc Vandeweyer
Keyword(s):  
Women Students ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
Emotional Life ◽  
Religious Worldview ◽  
History Of

Deze publicatie door Luc Vandeweyer van de briefwisseling van de Alveringemse kapelaan en Vlaams voorman Cyriel Verschaeve met de uitgesproken Vlaamsgezinde zuster Gabriëlle Van Caeneghem, medegrondlegster van de katholieke Vlaamse Meisjesbeweging en van de vrouwelijke studentenbeweging, bezorgt ons een inzicht in de gevoelswereld van Verschaeve en zijn literaire en mystieke opvattingen. Tegelijk zijn de brieven illustratief voor de sfeer van het mystiek-spirituele wereldbeeld waarin een (kwantitatief en kwalitatief) belangrijk deel van de Vlaamse beweging tijdens het interbellum baadde. Daarenboven blijkt er de verbondenheid uit van beide respondenten met de religieus-socialistisch bewogen geschriften van de Nederlandse dichteres en communiste Henriette Roland Holst-Van der Schalck. Tenslotte wordt in de bijdrage de geschiedenis van deze archiefdocumenten verhaald, als frappante casus hoe archivarissen en/of historiografen soms een ware klopjacht moeten organiseren om belangrijke historische documenten van vernietiging te redden. ________Cyriel Verschaeve to sister Gabriël. Seven letters, saved from destruction at the eleventh hour…Luc Vandeweyer's publication of the correspondence of Cyriel Verschaeve, curate of Alveringem and Flemish-nationalist leader, with the outspoken pro-Flemish sister Gabriël van Caeneghem, co-founder of the Catholic Flemish girls' movement and the movement of women students, provides us with an understanding of the emotional life of Verschaeve and his literary and mystical beliefs. The letters also illustrate the atmosphere of the mystico-religious worldview indulged in by a (quantitatively and qualitatively) large part of the Flemish movement during the Interwar period. It also demonstrates the solidarity of both correspondents with the religio-socialist inspired writings of the Dutch poet and communist Henriette Roland Holst-Van der Schalck. Finally the contribution also describes the history of these archival records, as a striking example of how archivists and/or historiographers sometimes are obliged to organise an actual round up in order to save important historical documents from destruction.

Cartographic production in Russia: main stages and trends

2020 ◽  
Vol 963 (9) ◽  
pp. 30-43
Author(s):  
M.Yu. Orlov
Keyword(s):  
Chronological Order ◽  
Xviii Century ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Current State ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Enterprises ◽  
Further Development

Studying the current state of cartography and ways of further developing the industry, the role of the map in the future of the society, new methods of promoting cartographic products is impossible without a deep scientific analyzing all the paths, events and factors influencing its formation and development throughout all the historic steps of cartographic production in Russia. In the article, the history of cartographic production in Russia is considered together with the development of private, state and military cartography, since, despite some differences, they have a common technical, technological and production basis. The author describes the stages of originating, formation and growth of industrial cartographic production from the beginning of the XVIII century until now. The connection between the change of political formations and technological structures with the mentioned stages of maps and atlases production is considered. Each stage is studied in detail, a step-by-step analysis was carried out, and the characteristics of each stage are described. All the events and facts are given in chronological order, highlighting especially significant moments influencing the evolution of cartographic production. The data on the volumes of printing and sales of atlases and maps by commercial and state enterprises are presented. The main trends and lines of further development of cartographic production in Russia are studied.

scholarly journals Knotting the MECO Network

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Reinhard Folk
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Physics ◽  
Condensed Matter ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Iron Curtain ◽  
Solid State Physics ◽  
Scientific Exchange ◽  
History Of ◽  
Traditional Fields ◽  
Historical Resources ◽  
Further Development

The Conferences of the Middle European Cooperation in Statistical Physics (MECO) were created as an attempt to establish and maintain an exchange between scientists in the fields of statistical and condensed matter physics from Western and Eastern countries, overcoming the hurdles of the Iron Curtain. Based on personal remembrance and historical resources, the genesis and further development of MECO meetings is described. The annual meetings were interrupted in 1991 by the Yugoslav War but were re-established in 1993 and continue today. Although the fall of the Iron Curtain and the European Research programs changed the situation for the meetings considerably, the ties created by MECO still are useful to help scientific exchange. The history of European (and not only) statistical physics and the history of the MECO are tightly intertwined. It started in a time where an essential breakthrough has been achieved in statistical physics describing the features near phase transitions. In addition to the merging of solid-state physics and field theory concepts, the application of numerical methods (Monte Carlo methods) added a new pillar besides exact solutions and experiments to check theoretical models. In the following, the scientific emphasis (in general) has changed from the traditional fields of the first MECO to complexity and interdisciplinary themes as well.

Typology and diachrony of converbs in Indo-Aryan

Diachronica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Stroński ◽  
Leonid Kulikov
Keyword(s):  
Recent Discussion ◽  
Verbal System ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Differential Object Marking ◽  
Role And Reference Grammar ◽  
Reference Grammar ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Object Marking ◽  
The One

Abstract Non-finite forms constitute an important component of the verbal system of Indo-Aryan (IA) languages. On the one hand, some of them, such as e.g., converbs, have already received proper attention in historical linguistics and typological literature, with regard to Old Indo-Aryan (OIA), Middle Indo-Aryan (MIA) and New Indo-Aryan (NIA) (cf. Tikkanen 1987; Peterson 1998; Subbarao 2012 among others). Other forms, such as participles, have usually been analysed in the wider context of reorganisation of a finite verbal system which led to alignment change (for recent discussion see Dahl and Stroński 2016). On the other hand, adverbial participles or infinitives have so far been under-studied (cf. Sigorski 2005), particularly within early NIA. This period in the history of IA languages witnessed several important morphosyntactic developments and still requires in-depth study, particularly due to the lack of well-edited corpora. The aim of the present paper is to partly fill this gap by highlighting major trends in the development of constructions based on various non-finite forms in early NIA. We focus on main argument marking in converbal chain constructions and its interplay with the animacy hierarchy. We demonstrate a relative stability of differential case marking (DCM), focusing mainly on conditions on differential subject marking (DSM) and differential object marking (DOM). In addition, we compare converbal chain constructions with participial absolute constructions (AC). Finally, in order to give a holistic view of converbal constructions, we verify the type of linking instantiated by them, focusing on three scopal parameters in converbal constructions (Tense, Illocutionary Force and Negation) and using the apparatus of Role and Reference Grammar and Multivariate Analysis.

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