scholarly journals An Assessment of Architectural Stylistics and Functional Spatial Structure of Interwar Lithuanian Schools in the Global Context

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Grėtė Brukštutė
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
General Education ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
Regional Context ◽  
Global Context ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Further Development

Abstract The article analyses and compares general education and specialised schools built in Lithuania, Europe and the USA during inter-war years. The main problem analysed in the article is the correspondence between the architectural stylistics and functional spatial structure of interwar Lithuanian school buildings with the same typology buildings in the regional context. The aim of the article is to assess the essence of changes of architectural stylistics and functional spatial structure, what caused these changes. Interwar architecture in Lithuania has many of the main trends of the global architecture of that time, so undoubtedly interwar period is considered to be one of the most significant periods in the history of Lithuanian architecture, which has laid the foundations for the further development of Lithuanian architecture.

scholarly journals CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE UNIFICATION OF LITHUANIAN ANTI-SOVIET PARTISANS DURING 1946-1949

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
D. Juodis
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
State Building ◽  
World War ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Armed Struggle ◽  
The People ◽  
Freedom Fighters ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Unified Command

In 2019 comes the 70th anniversary of the founding of LLKS – the Union of Lithuanian Freedom Fighters (Lietuvos Laisvės Kovos Sąjūdi). This underground organization had been founded in February of 1949. It united the people, who had been fighting against the Soviet power in Lithuania. Heads of the LLKS were active partisans and they called themselves freedom fighters. In the same time, other people called partisans ‘forest men’, ‘greens’ etc. The main purpose of this article – to consider the process of unification of the forces of Lithuanian partisans under unified command and to highlight the main circumstances of this process. The article is based on the archival materials and modern research writings. So far, very few research papers about Lithuanian anti-Soviet struggle have been published outside Lithuania. That’s why one of the goals of the author – to provide the information about this episode of the modern history of Lithuania to Ukrainian readers. Perhaps, the similarity with Ukrainian national insurgent movement during the 2nd World War will be found. The final ambition of the armed struggle of Lithuanian partisans was the creation of free democratic Lithuania. Partisans considered the mistakes of Lithuanian state-building during the interwar period, such as authoritarian regime and weak social politics. Freedom fighters hoped to get help from the West countries – Great Britain of the USA – through the mediation of Lithuanian emigrants. The unification of partisans was difficult because of the activity of infiltrated Soviet security agents. The chronological framework of the article covers the period of 1946-1949, when where held the main events of the unification of partisans. Active partisan struggle against the Soviet in Lithuania power lasted to 1953.

scholarly journals Tokidoki, Cute and Sexy Fantasies between East and West: Contemporary Aesthetics for the Global Market

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emiko Okayama ◽  
Francesco Ricatti
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Global Context ◽  
European Culture ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Art And Culture ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Italian Art ◽  
Asian Consumers

Italian art has long been identified with its nation, in spite of the complex history of Italian migration and exile, which many of its prominent artists have also experienced. This may be because Italian art has enjoyed a privileged position as a leading and somewhat self-contained centre of art and culture for many centuries. Yet, in the present globalising world, it is becoming increasingly difficult for any nation to maintain cultural identity, Italy included. This paper is both a recognition and an exploration of a significant connection between Italian art and a non-European culture. It focuses on the work of a young Italian artist, Simone Legno, who works through his US-based label Tokidoki, with Japan as his artistic inspiration. We avoid considering Legno’s work as a unilateral projection of Western fantasies of the Orient, focusing instead on a complex and reciprocal set of cultural and economic influences between Japan, Italy and the USA. Japanese anime and manga are relevant to Legno's work not only for their impact on his design, but also for the emotional attachment that references to Japan can produce in consumers in Italy and other countries, consumers who grew up with Japanese anime and manga. We also challenge the centre-periphery conception of Europe-Asia relations, particularly when commenting on the recent phenomena of globalisation. Legno’s mixture of Italianess and exotic Orientalism has built bridges in the global market between Western companies and Asian consumers, as well as between Asian companies and Western consumers. We conclude that Tokidoki’s success lies in its hybridisation in a global context: the creation of new cultures of feminity by an Italian designer arising out of Japanese artistic forms of production and distribution within an economy dominated by US and multinational enterprises.

scholarly journals From «School Buildings» to «School Architecture» – School Technicians, Grand School Buildings and Educational Architecture in Prussia and the USA in the Nineteenth Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
Daniel Töpper ◽  
Fanny Isensee
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Standard ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
School Construction ◽  
School Architecture ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Architecture

The history of school buildings is commonly written as a history of architecture, focusing on outstanding architects and buildings. However, the connection between pedagogical-administrative prescriptions and educational architecture has been studied less, particularly in the nineteenth century. This article highlights the often-overlooked agency of school technicians and proposes to interpret the nineteenth-century history of building schools as a history of implementing pedagogical-administrative objectives. The design of schools followed the inner differentiation of school curricula, at the same time being affected by the growth of school sizes prompted by school management structures and their efficiency aims. We will show how in larger cities the initial one-classroom schools developed into multiple-classroom buildings, taking on their final form in “grand school buildings”. The organizational developments tried and tested here would later become the national standard, with rural schools following with a certain delay. In order to grasp the emergence of the phenomena of these “grand school buildings” we combine the Prussian and US-American cases in their transatlantic connection  in order to comprehend the transnational dimension of school building norms. Being closely connected through mutual observation, the US and Prussian contexts established two decisive aspects: in the Prussian case, the division into separate classrooms as functional units of school construction was implemented, while in the United States additional school rooms such as the assembly hall and specific subject-related rooms were introduced. “Grand school buildings” initiated the interest of the architectural profession, leading to negotiations between school technicians and architects.

scholarly journals Nicholas Belfield Dennys as a pioneer in the comparative study of Chinese folklore

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-211
Author(s):  
Aglaya B. Starostina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
The West ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Folklore Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Access To The Field ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Further Development

The scholarly study of Chinese folklore began in the middle of the 19th century. Pioneering research had been conducted by Europeans, who were familiar with current works in this area and gained access to the field, archival and book sources in different regions of China. Among the first people who embarked on the study of Chinese folklore was a British journalist and diplomat Nicholas Belfield Dennys. In 1876, he published the monography of Chinese folklore studies: “The folk-lore of China, and its affinities with that of the Aryan and Semitic races”. His goal was to view Chinese folklore in a global context; for its implementation, he compiled the first elementary index of plots and motifs of Chinese folklore. The Chinese themselves commenced the academic study of the folklore of China several decades later, relying largely on the developments of their European predecessors. In the 1920s, the book by Dennys became known in China, however, it had little impact on Chinese folklore studies for the reasons as follows. The data the book comprised was for the most part not new to researchers in China, the method used to compile the index was known to them earlier, and comparative studies in the region were in their cradle at this time. In the West, up to the middle of the 20th century, Dennys’ book was often consulted in search of comparative Chinese material. Nevertheless, some of the author’s finds have never received further developed. The place of this work in the history of the comparative study of Chinese folklore also remained rather uncertain. This article describes the context in which “The Folk-Lore of China” appeared, examines the author’s methodological premises, as well as the role of his findings in the further development of folklore studies.

Legal Ethnology and Legal Anthropology in Hungary

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balázs Fekete
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Legal Anthropology ◽  
Sociocultural Context ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Further Development

In this chapter, the history of legal ethnology and of legal anthropology in Hungary are viewed within a common frame. Contemporary Hungarian legal anthropologists see earlier legal ethnologists as important precursors; however, they also recognize that legal ethnology cannot be directly revitalized in the post-transitional period. Four phases of the history of these approaches to law in sociocultural context are discussed: (1) the birth of ethnographic interest in law around 1900; (2) the legislative programme focusing on the in-depth study of folk law at the end of the interwar period; (3) the decline and rehabilitation of legal ethnology in the socialist era; and (4) the emergence of ‘Western-style’ legal anthropology beginning in the 1990s. The chapter concludes with the observation that the conditions for the further development of legal anthropology in Hungary seem to be unfavourable.

scholarly journals Models of Egypt’s self-identifi cation in the interwar period (1919-1939)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-370
Author(s):  
Ibragim Eminovich Ibragimov ◽  
Andrey Aleksandrovich Kudelin
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Muslim Country ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Arab Muslim ◽  
History Of ◽  
Further Development

In the article, the authors consider the models of self-identification typical for the public thought of Egypt of the interwar period. In the fi rst half of XX century Egypt entered an important period of its history. As one of the fi rst formally independent Arab States, Egypt continued to struggle for full sovereignty from the United Kingdom while seeking to establish itself as a regional leader. In this regard, the leading thinkers of Egypt tried to determine the place of their country in the world and fi nd the most acceptable ideology for it, which could also rally other Arab, Muslim, Asian and African countries around Egypt. The article touched upon four concepts that were developed during the interwar period and infl uenced the further development of public thought in Egypt. Some thinkers have tried to develop a model of secular pan-Arabism based on the ideas of al-Kawakibi and al-Husri. For these authors, Egypt was an integral part of the Arab world and the core of its possible unifi cation. The second concept was related to pan-Islamism: developing the ideas of al-Afghani, the ideologues of this direction interpreted Egypt primarily as a Muslim country and part of the Dar al-Islam . For example, “Muslim Brotherhood” belonged to this group. The third concept is associated with the comprehension of the identity of Egypt through the idea of “pharaonism” and “ tamsir ” modern Egyptians declared heirs of the ancient Egyptian civilization. The fourth concept, conventionally named Eastern Idea or Easternism , was founded on the opposition of all the countries of the East to Western countries. Each of the areas of identity of Egypt - pan-Arab, pan-Islamic, Egyptian (“pharaonism”) and Easternism - made a contribution to the development of the identity of Egyptian society in the interwar period, and somehow infl uenced on the history of Egypt in the second half of the XX century.

To the Question of Evolution and Current State of Teaching History of Regions in the Context of History of Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
О. Кишенкова ◽  
O. Kishenkova
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Teaching History ◽  
Educational Standard ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Education ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Educational ◽  
Further Development

The article considers the question of formation and development of teaching regional history. The main development stages of regional educational and methodical sets (EMS) have been allocated, which are caused by adoption of the normative documents defi ning the purposes and the maintenance of school education:The mandatory minimum content of basic general and complete secondary education in 1998/1999; State Education Standard 2004, Federal State Educational Standard of Basic General Education (it is put into operation with 9/1/2013); Federal state educational standard of secondary general education (it is put into operation with 9/1/2014); Historical and Cultural Standard of 2013. The article describes the characteristics of regionalEMS, the problems of their further development.

Absence and the advertising historian

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Smulyan
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Advertising Agencies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Subject Positions ◽  
Global Context ◽  
National Advertising ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cultural Historian

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the commonly held idea that American advertising agencies closely supervised their Australian counterparts during the globalization of advertising. Design/methodology/approach The author, a cultural historian based in the USA, searched American archives without finding evidence of the kind of oversight often associated with the Americanization of advertising. Findings The paper concludes that American advertisers paid less attention to Australian advertising than the other way around. In addition, Australian and American advertising industries agreed on the importance of advertising as part of transnational capitalism and did not need to outline, or follow instructions, on how advertising worked. Originality/value Reviewing the history of advertising in a global context reminds scholars that the national advertising industries have different subject positions and yet agree on advertising’s practice and efficacy.

CONTENT OF TEACHING THE ELEMENTS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN A SCHOOL INFORMATICS COURSE

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
I. V. Levchenko
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
General Education ◽  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
9Th Grade ◽  
Modern Information ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Form Variant ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The article considers the feasibility of integrating artificial intelligence technologies into school education and identifies a problem in identifying didactic elements in the field of artificial intelligence, which must be mastered in a school informatics course. The purpose of the article is to propose variant of the content of teaching the elements of artificial intelligence for the general education of schoolchildren as part of the curricular and extracurricular activities in informatics. An analysis of the psychological, pedagogical and scientific-methodical literature in the field of artificial intelligence made it possible to identify the appropriateness of teaching schoolchildren the elements of artificial intelligence in the framework of a comprehensive informatics course, as the theoretical foundations of modern information technologies. Summarizing and systematizing the learning experience of schoolchildren in the field of artificial intelligence made it possible to form variant of the content of teaching the elements of artificial intelligence, which can be implemented in a compulsory informatics course for 9th grade, as well as in elective classes. The results of the study are the theoretical basis for the further development of the components of the methodological system of teaching the elements of artificial intelligence in a school informatics course. The research materials may be useful to specialists in the field of teaching informatics and to informatics teachers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document