Neuroticism

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Tackett ◽  
Benjamin B. Lahey
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Stability And Change ◽  
Health Care Application ◽  
Great Public Health

This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the personality domain of Neuroticism. Neuroticism is not only one of the more salient higher-order personality domains across different trait models, it also includes great public health care significance. We begin by describing the domain, including its facets. We then consider genetic and environmental influences for its development. We also consider developmental considerations, including evidence for stability and change across the lifespan. We then turn to the importance of Neuroticism for predicting consequential outcomes in several relevant domains of functioning: psychopathology, physical health, and quality of life. We then summarize and end with suggestions for future directions in research and public health care application.

scholarly journals Obesity in older adults: epidemiology and implications for disability and disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Samper-Ternent ◽  
Soham Al Snih
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Care Costs

SummaryObesity is a worldwide problem with increasing prevalence and incidence in both developed and developing countries. In older adults, excess weight is associated with a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease, metabolic disease, several important cancers, and numerous other medical conditions. Obesity has also been associated with increased functional limitations, disability, and poorer quality of life. Additionally, obesity has been independently associated with all-cause mortality. The obesity epidemic has important social and economic implications, representing an important source of increased public health care costs. The aim of this review is to report the epidemiology of obesity worldwide, and the implications of obesity on disability and chronic diseases in older adults.

IMPROVING THE ASSESSMENT OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE STATE BODIES IN CONTROL AND SUPERVISION OF HEALTHCARE

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 76-89
Author(s):  
Людмила Шубцова ◽  
Lyudmila SHubtsova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government

The work shows the importance of rational and efficient assessment of control and supervision in health care for society as a whole and for its individual members. Health care is part of the system that shapes the quality of life of the population, influences the development of human potential, economic performance, on the adoption and diffusion of innovations in Russia. Control and supervision in public administration reform received much attention. The Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation has developed a methodology for assessing and comparing the activities of Supervisory authorities. However, there is a need for not only implementation of the standardized approach in assessing but taking into account the specific features of activity of Supervisory authorities. The article presents the system of socially significant indicators for assessing the activities of Roszdravnadzor and its territorial offices in the RF entities. Currently the authority spends a lot of tests (about 10 thousand per year), however, the effectiveness of control and supervision is low. The health of the population remains low, satisfaction with public health services is reduced. Researching foreign experience of health systems development in countries with socially oriented economy allows to draw a conclusion about the necessity of building a qualitatively new assessment system of control and supervision, which should be based on the interests of society. The author proposes to depart from the principle of "check for validation" and change over to socially significant indicators for the government activities. The article highlights such indicators for healthcare and proposes their decomposition for fractional quantitative and qualitative assessment of activities. This system of indicators is aimed at improving the efficiency of public health care management and growth of the citizens’ health and their quality of life in a whole. The work is performed in as part of research of Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation by order of the Government of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Policy Effects on the Quality of Public Health Care: Evaluating Portuguese Public Hospitals’ Quality through Customers’ Views

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-131
Author(s):  
Jaime R. S. Fonseca ◽  
Rosária M. P. Ramos ◽  
Ana M. P. Santos ◽  
Ana P. S. S. Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Aged Patients ◽  
Hospital Patients

AbstractIn this paper, public health care administration issues are reviewed and public hospital patients’ views on quality of health care are empirically tested. The purpose is to support the recommendation of new public policies that lead to better performance, if necessary. Hospital patients’ views on service quality were assessed through a questionnaire to estimate a global customer satisfaction measure. We argue that customer satisfaction should be measured through multiple indicators, as a latent variable. Thus, we considered the latent segment models (LSM) approach to assess customer service satisfaction. We found a twosegment latent structure: segment 1, the satisfied, with 48 percent of patients, mostly male and middle-aged patients; and segment 2, the unsatisfied, with 52 percent of patients, mostly female and youngest/oldest patients.

scholarly journals Palliative care services: Issues and public health challenges

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
Riawati Jahja
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Review Articles ◽  
Palliative Care Services

Trials have demonstrated improvement in patients’ quality of life through palliative care services (PCS). However, many of these trials are limited by their research methodologies. PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) were searched to conduct a systematic review of review articles related to PCS from January 2001 to December 2011. The paper examined evidence from studies on PCS that aimed to improve elderly patients’ end-of-life outcomes by i) systematically reviewing literature on models of palliative care (PC) delivery patients received; ii) exploring methodological issues surrounding recruitment of the patients, implementation of the studies and comparison of health care services; and iii) addressing the costs of care with/without a palliative program. Seventeen trials and three observational studies were selected from nine systematic review articles. Overall, early introduction of PC to patients following identification of their life-limiting conditions and needs re-quires an organized and coordinated care approach to ensure accessibility of these services. The ideal system that offers the potential of improving patients’ quality of life is one that is integrated, interdisciplinary and holistic. Dying is commonly institutionalized; however, providing outreach programs that allow patients to die at their place of wish, such as domiciliary care, offers the potential of addressing the issue of ever-increasing health-care expenditure for the aged. However, further investigation is needed to evaluate the cost effectiveness of these programs. Methodological problems and ethical issues surrounding the study of terminally-ill patients necessitate that researchers use a combination of observational studies and surveillance system over time. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v2i2.15937 South East Asia J Public Health | Jul-Dec 2012 | Vol 2 Issue 2 | 5-15

scholarly journals Charity vs. government health care

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Gilbert Berdine
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Marginal Utility ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Government Health ◽  
Relief Of Suffering ◽  
Sustainable Health ◽  
Over Time

Part 3 of this series on sustainable health care discusses charity as a market phenomenon. Charity is explained as a result of the Law of Marginal Utility and the limitation of scare resources. Charity is contrasted with government health care or public health care. Charity and government health care are driven by different incentives. Charities compete for limited donations leading to improved relief of suffering at lower cost over time. Government health care acts like all monopolies and delivers a declining quality of output at ever increasing cost.

KUALITAS HIDUP PENDERITA KUSTA BERBASIS TEORI HEALTH BELIEF MODELS (HBM)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Nur Maziyya ◽  
Nursalam Nursalam ◽  
Herdina Mariyanti
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Susceptibility ◽  
Public Health Center ◽  
Belief Models

Introduction: Leprosy was a chronic infectious disease that affects the quality of life of patients. Many factors could affect the quality of life of people with leprosy, but there was no specific research that analyzed factors related to quality of life of people with leprosy based on Health Belief Models theory (HBM). This study aimed to analyze factors that related to quality of life of people with leprosy based on Health Belief Model theory (HBM) in Public Health Center in North Surabaya. Methode: This study used descriptive analytic correlational with cross-sectional approach. Sample in this study were 30 patients with leprosy at public health center in North Surabaya. The independent variabels were individual perceived depend on HBM theory and dependent variabel was Quality of Life of Leprosy patients. Data were collected by interviews and using questionnaire. The instrument for collecting Quality of life using WHOQOL BREF and for collecting individual perception using a questionnaire derived from HBM theory. Data were analyzed used statistical Logistic Regression test (p<0,05). Result and Analysis: People with leprosy in public health care in region of North Surabaya 83.3% had good quality of life. There was correlation between quality of life with perceived susceptibility (p = 0.013) and perceived of seriousness (p = 0.004). There is was no correlation that found between quality of life with perceived benefit (p = 0.638) and perceived barriers (p = 0.334). Perceived susceptibility and perceived seriousness could be factors that affect quality of life of people with leprosy. Discussion: It needs to do a research about quality of life of patients with leprosy based on HBM theory using questionnaire that has been tested for validation to determine factors that affect quality of life of patient with leprosy.Keywords: Leprosy, quality of life, HBM, individual perceptions

scholarly journals Willingness to pay for improved public health care services in Saudi Arabia: a contingent valuation study among heads of Saudi households

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed K. Al-Hanawi ◽  
Omar Alsharqi ◽  
Kirit Vaidya
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Quality Improvements ◽  
The Public ◽  
Care Services

AbstractThe bulk of health care service provision in Saudi Arabia is undertaken by the public health care sector through the Ministry of Health, which is funded annually by the total government budget, which, in turn, is derived primarily from oil revenue. Public health care services in Saudi Arabia are characterised by an overload, overuse, and shortage of medical personnel, which can result in dissatisfaction with the quality of the current public health care services. This study uses a contingent valuation method to investigate the willingness of Saudi people to pay for improvements to the quality of public health care services. This study also determines the association between the willingness to pay for quality improvements and respondents’ demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. A pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 1187 heads of household in Jeddah Province over a five-month period. Multi-stage sampling was employed to recruit participants. Partial Tobit regression and corresponding marginal effects analyses were used to analyse the data. These empirical analyses show that the majority of the sample was willing to pay for quality improvements in the public health care services. The results of this study might be of use to policymakers to help with both priority setting and fund allocation.

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