Pragmatics and Language Change

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas H. Jucker
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Language Change ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Communicative Practices ◽  
First Case ◽  
Media Practices

Language change is the result of innovative communicative practices that spread from innovative individuals to larger communities of language users (communities of practice) and ultimately to entire language communities. Historical pragmatics traces the pragmatic motivations of language change, and investigates the diachronic developments of pragmatic entities. This article provides an overview of the processes of grammaticalization and pragmaticalization, which account for language change from a pragmatic perspective, and gives two case studies of the development of specific pragmatic entities. The first case study concerns the diachrony of particular speech acts (greetings and compliments) and the necessary research methods, and the second concerns the diachrony of an entire domain of discourse, i.e. the dissemination of news from early newspapers to mass media practices on the Internet.

Scales and Units

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn M. de Luna
Keyword(s):  
Language Change ◽  
Historical Linguistics ◽  
Bantu Languages ◽  
The North ◽  
First Case ◽  
Linguistic Evidence ◽  
River Region ◽  
History Of ◽  
Alternative Approaches

This chapter uses two case studies to explore how historians study language movement and change through comparative historical linguistics. The first case study stands as a short chapter in the larger history of the expansion of Bantu languages across eastern, central, and southern Africa. It focuses on the expansion of proto-Kafue, ca. 950–1250, from a linguistic homeland in the middle Kafue River region to lands beyond the Lukanga swamps to the north and the Zambezi River to the south. This expansion was made possible by a dramatic reconfiguration of ties of kinship. The second case study explores linguistic evidence for ridicule along the Lozi-Botatwe frontier in the mid- to late 19th century. Significantly, the units and scales of language movement and change in precolonial periods rendered visible through comparative historical linguistics bring to our attention alternative approaches to language change and movement in contemporary Africa.

scholarly journals 50 years on: Galtung and Ruge's news value factors revisited in online audience building for independent films

First Monday ◽  
2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico Meissner
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Opinion Leaders ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Constructivist Approach ◽  
Independent Film ◽  
Independent Films ◽  
News Values ◽  
Internet Age ◽  
News Value

In 1965, Galtung and Ruge published an influential list of news values. Fifty years later, my article takes this list to demonstrate how mass media principles still apply when building audiences for an independent film in the Internet age. The article builds on the constructivist approach that news values can be actively formulated and stressed. It uses the case study of independent film project 15Malaysia, illustrating how this project, though unknowingly, actively created news value to convince opinion leaders of its worth and, ultimately, build an audience of over two million viewers.

The Places Where Audience Studies and Production Studies Meet

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 706-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicki Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Audience Studies ◽  
Media Audiences ◽  
Common Culture ◽  
Production Studies ◽  
Production Processes

Audience studies and production studies have had largely separate trajectories in research, despite their shared grounded theory agendas and research methods. Drawing on a larger ethnography of media audiences and producers, this article shows how the human subjects of audience studies and production studies might be studied together to reveal the power relations involved in mass media production processes. In this particular case study, fans and extras for the television series Treme (2010–2013) shared a discourse around the place of viewing and making which strove to articulate a common culture despite the real hierarchical barriers between audiences and production personnel.

scholarly journals Cyberspace as a Tool of Contemporary Propaganda

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-108
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Pilarski
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
The Media ◽  
Research Analysis ◽  
Internet And Social Media

The scientific deliberation presented in this article concerns the use of cyberspace in contemporary propaganda activities. The aim of the analysis is to identify propaganda activities and to state the role of cyberspace as an indispensable element for its existence. The following research methods were applied in the research: analysis, synthesis, abstracting, generalization, and a case study. The case study presented in this article, concerning the identification of propaganda activities based on the engagement of Germany in the issue of refugees from Syria, perfectly points to the significance and possibilities offered by cyberspace in the realization of the activities in question and attaining the set goals. The results obtained from the research underline the significant role of cyberspace in  contemporary society where the success of propaganda is conditioned by the use of tools which allow to appeal to a vast group of recipients through the media, the Internet, and social media. The presented deliberation indicates that cyberspace with all its elements is a prerequisite for the success of propaganda activities conducted nowadays.

scholarly journals A distributional semantic approach to the periodization of change in the productivity of constructions

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 490-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Perek ◽  
Martin Hilpert
Keyword(s):  
Present Method ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Distributional Semantics ◽  
Semantic Approach ◽  
Lexical Meaning ◽  
First Case ◽  
History Of ◽  
Type Frequency ◽  
Corpus Data

Abstract This paper describes a method to automatically identify stages of language change in diachronic corpus data, combining variability-based neighbour clustering, which offers objective and reproducible criteria for periodization, and distributional semantics as a representation of lexical meaning. This method partitions the history of a grammatical construction according to qualitative stages of productivity corresponding to different semantic sets of lexical items attested in it. Two case studies are presented. The first case study on the hell-construction (“Verb the hell out of NP”) shows that the semantic development of a construction does not always match that of its quantitative aspects, like token or type frequency. The second case study on the way-construction compares the results of the present method with those of collostructional analysis. It is shown that the former measures semantic changes and their chronology with greater precision. In sum, this method offers a promising approach to exploring semantic variation in the lexical fillers of constructions and to modelling constructional change.

scholarly journals Konvergensi Sebagai Sarana Bertahan Media Massa: Case Study Tribun Sumsel

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-132
Author(s):  
Raegen Harahap ◽  
Putri Citra Hati ◽  
Kgs Abdussalam
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Convergence Theory ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Media Convergence ◽  
Technological Transformation ◽  
The World ◽  
Convergence System ◽  
The Media

Media convergence is a concrete step carried out by various mass media in the world as a result of technological transformation and internetization. The presence of the internet encourages the mass media to apply the concept of media convergence such as online media, e-papers, e-books, streaming radio and social media combined with other media. The purpose of this study was to determine how the implementation of the strategy used by the Sumsel Tribune in the era of media convergence, as well as the challenges faced and innovations made by the Sumsel Tribune in dealing with media convergence. The type of research used in this research is qualitative using the SWOT theory and media convergence theory. The research results reveal (1), the Sumsel Tribune is in the quadrant I position, is getting stronger and has a lot of potential opportunities by implementing an aggressive work strategy, (2) the media convergence system uses the concept of convergence dimensions according to Rich Gordon. Keywords: Newspapers, Media, Convergence, Tribune Sumsel Konvergensi media merupakan langkap konkrit yang dilakukan oleh berbagai media massa di dunia akibat dari transformasi teknologi dan internetisasi. Kehadiran internet mendorong media massa menerapkan konsep konvergensi media seperti media online, e-paper, e-books, radio streaming dan media sosial yang digabungkan dengan media lainnya. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan strategi yang digunakan Tribun Sumsel di era konvergensi media, serta tantangan yang dihadapi, dan inovasi yang dilakukan Tribun Sumsel dalam menghadapi konvergensi media. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan menggunakan teori SWOT dan teori konvergensi media. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan (1), Tribun Sumsel berada pada posisi kuadran I, semakin kuat dan memiliki posibilitas peluang yang banyak dengan menerapkan strategi kerja agresif, (2) sistem konvergensi media menggunakan konsep dimensi konvergensi menurut Rich Gordon. Kata Kunci: Surat Kabar, Media, Konvergensi, Tribun Sumsel  

Sex Differences in Mass Media Preferences Across Four Asian Countries

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 186-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malini Ratnasingam ◽  
Lee Ellis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
The United States ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Evolutionary Explanation ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Media Preferences

Background. Nearly all of the research on sex differences in mass media utilization has been based on samples from the United States and a few other Western countries. Aim. The present study examines sex differences in mass media utilization in four Asian countries (Japan, Malaysia, South Korea, and Singapore). Methods. College students self-reported the frequency with which they accessed the following five mass media outlets: television dramas, televised news and documentaries, music, newspapers and magazines, and the Internet. Results. Two significant sex differences were found when participants from the four countries were considered as a whole: Women watched television dramas more than did men; and in Japan, female students listened to music more than did their male counterparts. Limitations. A wider array of mass media outlets could have been explored. Conclusions. Findings were largely consistent with results from studies conducted elsewhere in the world, particularly regarding sex differences in television drama viewing. A neurohormonal evolutionary explanation is offered for the basic findings.

Logistics Activities in Vietnamese Retail Enterprises: Problems and Solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dang Thi Huong ◽  
Vu Thi Minh Hien
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Qualitative Research Methods ◽  
Problems And Solutions

Logistics is one of the important factors to ensure the availability of goods, promote retail businesses to deliver and consume goods quickly. However, logistics in Vietnamese retail businesses is identified to be limited, reducing the efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises. Using qualitative research methods (observation, document synthesis, interview, case study), the paper pointed out some problems in logistics activities of Vietnamese retail businesses; at the same time, analyzed experience in logistic activities of Vinmart store chain. Based on these results, the paper proposed some useful solutions to improve the logistics activities and enhance the competitiveness of Vietnamese retail businesses in the context of integration.

Im Archiv der Öffentlichkeit

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Maresch
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Oder Eine ◽  
The Public ◽  
Postal Services ◽  
The Public Sphere

Durch den digitalen Medienwandel ist der Begriff der Öffentlichkeit problematisch geworden. Die Debatte fokussiert sich zumeist auf die Frage, ob die sogenannte bürgerliche Öffentlichkeit durch das Internet im Niedergang begriffen ist oder eine Intensivierung und Pluralisierung erfährt. Rudolf Maresch zeichnet die berühmte Untersuchung der Kategorie durch Jürgen Habermas nach und zieht den von ihm konstatierten Strukturwandel der Öffentlichkeit in Zweifel. Dagegen verweist er auf die gouvernementalen und medialen Prozesse, die jede Form von Kommunikation immer schon gesteuert haben. Öffentlichkeit sei daher ein Epiphänomen nicht allein des Zeitungswesens, sondern der bereits vorgängig ergangenen postalischen Herstellung einer allgemeinen Adressierbarkeit von Subjekten. Heute sei Öffentlichkeit innerhalb der auf Novitäts- und Erregungskriterien abstellenden Massenmedien ein mit anderen Angeboten konkurrierendes Konzept. Mercedes Bunz konstatiert ebenfalls eine Ausweitung und Pluralisierung von Öffentlichkeit durch den digitalen Medienwandel, sieht aber die entscheidenden Fragen in der Konzeption und Verteilung von Evaluationswissen und Evaluationsmacht. Nicht mehr die sogenannten Menschen, sondern Algorithmen entscheiden über die Verbreitung und Bewertung von Nachrichten. Diese sind in der Öffentlichkeit – die sie allererst erzeugen – weitgehend verborgen. Einig sind sich die Autoren darin, dass es zu einer Pluralisierung von Öffentlichkeiten gekommen ist, während der Öffentlichkeitsbegriff von Habermas auf eine singuläre Öffentlichkeit abstellt. </br></br>Due to the transformation of digital media, the notion of “publicity” has become problematic. In most cases, the debate is focused on the question whether the internet causes a decline of so-called civic publicity or rather intensifies and pluralizes it. Rudolf Maresch outlines Jürgen Habermas's famous study of this category and challenges his claim concerning its “structural transformation,” referring to the governmental and medial processes which have always already controlled every form of communication. Publicity, he claims, is an epiphenomenon not only of print media, but of a general addressability of subjects, that has been produced previously by postal services. Today, he concludes, publicity is a concept that competes with other offers of mass media, which are all based on criteria of novelty and excitement. Mercedes Bunz also notes the expansion and pluralization of the public sphere due to the change of digital media, but sees the crucial issues in the design and distribution of knowledge and power by evaluation. So-called human beings no longer decide on the dissemination and evaluation of information, but algorithms, which are for the most part concealed from the public sphere that they produce in the first place. Both authors agree that a pluralization of public sphere(s) has taken place, while Habermas's notion of publicity refers to a single public sphere.

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