Modern Qur’anic Hermeneutics
Many Muslim philosophers have studied the Qur’an; many times the Qur’an has been used to support philosophical arguments. But this does not represent a ‘philosophical Qur’anology’, that is something akin to the ‘philosophical Christology’ developed over a long time in Christian Western thought. This chapter’s object is then the Qur’an as a main inspirational principle of philosophy. Many hermeneutical paths have been taken in order to fathom and disclose the secrets of a Scripture so multi-layered and complex. In the chapter, a philosophical path is proposed especially from a phenomenological point of view. The chapter is divided into two parts. The first is the pars destruens and examines a number of hermeneutical problems from the point of view of content, history, methodology, and implications, showing their values and advantages and disadvantages and the need to go further. In the second construens part, the chapter proposes a theoretical path within the Qur’an, searching to demonstrate that God’s transcendence (tanzih) can be read in phenomenological terms. Phenomenology ischosen as a useful key to open the door of the secrets of Being. Being in Islam is God and God discloses Himself in the Qur’an. Thus, phenomenology is a key to probing the Qur’an. Phenomenology offers a direct route to an investigation of the ontological reality of God and opens the door to the straight human action in history and society.