Psychodynamic and Interpersonal Psychotherapies

The Oxford Handbook of Mood Disorders ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199973965.013.38 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 446-458

Author(s):

Jacques P. Barber ◽

Sigal Zilcha-Mano ◽

Michael J. Constantino

Keyword(s):

Interpersonal Relationships ◽

Therapeutic Change ◽

Interpersonal Therapy ◽

Treatment Orientation ◽

Depressed Patients ◽

Dynamic Therapy ◽

Interpersonal Schemas ◽

Theoretical Conceptualization

This chapter focuses on two widely used treatments for depression: dynamic therapy (DT) and interpersonal therapy (IPT). Although each has its unique theoretical conceptualization of depression and offers relatively distinct techniques to facilitate change within depressed patients, both center on adverse and disruptive interpersonal relationships with underlying maladaptive repetitive patterns and interpersonal schemas as main contributors to depression. In this chapter, we describe how each orientation conceptualizes depression, elaborate on specific techniques each treatment orientation offers, and summarize the available research on the efficacy of each paradigm for bringing about therapeutic change in depressed patients. We also review the literature on moderators of, and candidate mechanisms underlying, these documented effects. Finally, we discuss what is known and what is yet to be learned about DT and IPT for depression.

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Benevolent interpersonal schemas facilitate therapeutic change: Further analysis of the menninger psychotherapy research project

Psychotherapy Research ◽

10.1080/10503300500091488 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 345-349 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Golan Shahar ◽

Sidney J. Blatt

Keyword(s):

Psychotherapy Research ◽

Therapeutic Change ◽

Research Project ◽

Interpersonal Schemas

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Session 6: Introducing the Tween Tips and “Use Good Timing”

Family-based Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Depressed Preadolescents ◽

10.1093/med-psych/9780190640033.003.0010 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 151-166

Author(s):

Laura J. Dietz

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Interpersonal Relationships ◽

Communication Skills ◽

Communication Strategies ◽

Role Play ◽

Interpersonal Psychotherapy ◽

Problem Area ◽

Middle Phase ◽

Interpersonal Therapy ◽

Family Based

Chapter 10 of Family-based Interpersonal Psychotherapy (FB-IPT) for Depressed Preadolescents introduces the middle phase of family-based interpersonal therapy (FB-IPT), in which the therapist uses identified the problem area to further explore ways disruptions in interpersonal relationships have contributed to or currently maintain the preadolescent’s depressive symptoms. In session six, the therapist provides the structure for the middle phase sessions and begins to address aspects of the problem area. Using an example of a recent interaction with a family member or friend, the therapist introduces a focus on communication skills and demonstrates the effects of communication on the preadolescent’s mood through construction of a depression circle. Tween Tips (communication strategies) are introduced using role-play to rehearse new communication skills in sessions. Therapist initiates dyadic practice with the “Use Good Timing” Tween Tip and assigns home practice.

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Spiritual Life and Relational Functioning: A Model and a Dialogue

Archive for the Psychology of Religion ◽

10.1163/15736121-12341353 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (2-3) ◽

pp. 326-346

Author(s):

Peter J. Verhagen ◽

Agneta Schreurs

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Mental Health Care ◽

Interpersonal Relationships ◽

Therapeutic Change ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Dsm 5 ◽

Relational Functioning ◽

Interdisciplinary Dialogue ◽

The Relationship

The purpose of this article is to contribute to the dialogue on spirituality in mental health care (psychiatry and psychotherapy). Spirituality is still an uncomfortable theme in mental health care despite a burgeoning literature and research. We will introduce a conceptual model on spiritual and interpersonal relationships based on love in relatedness. The model will enable the (psycho)therapist to assess the interconnectedness of spiritual and interpersonal relationships, to analyse positive or negative effects of spirituality on interpersonal functioning and vice versa, and to look for possibilities for spiritual and therapeutic change. Based on the model, the next step is to reflect on the relationship between psychiatry and spirituality with a view to dialogue instead of unfruitful discussion and controversy. We will propose a dialogue about the alternative DSM-5™ model for personality disorders. Although preliminary, we will show the usefulness of such an interdisciplinary dialogue.

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FC16-06 - Understanding pathways to therapeutic change through changes in self-representation in the treatment of adolescents and young adults

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73613-6 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (S2) ◽

pp. 1909-1909

Author(s):

I. Harpaz-Rotem ◽

S.J. Blatt

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Interpersonal Relationships ◽

Therapeutic Relationship ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Well Being ◽

Therapeutic Change ◽

The Self ◽

Adolescents And Young Adults ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Significant Other

IntroductionProcesses that lead to normal development of the representations of self and others are also central to understanding processes of therapeutic change. These processes primarily manifest themselves through the dialectical interpersonal exchanges of gratification and frustration, of disruptions and repair that are central to the development of the self.ObjectivesTo evaluate the contribution of different attributes of interpersonal relationships to the development of the self and patients’ well-being during the course of psychotherapy of adolescents and young adults.AimsTo map the different paths to positive therapeutic gains in psychotherapy.Methods36 adolescents and young adults were evaluated during the course of 12-month intensive psychodynamic psychotherapy. Main outcome measures were changes in the Differentiation-Relatedness scores of mother, father, significant other, self and therapist and GAF scores.ResultsWe found that changes in the level of differentiation-relatedness in patients’ self-representation were primarily associated with changes in the level of differentiation-relatedness of their description of their therapist. A best-fit model indicated that beyond change in the patient's description of the therapist and of a self-designated significant other outside the family added significantly to the explained variance predicting change in self-representation. Exploratory structural equation modeling also suggested that patients’ growing recognition of the therapeutic relationship (measured by a more matured representation of the therapist) is associated with the patients’ overall level of clinical functioning.ConclusionsThese results add further support to the importance of the therapeutic relationship in building more differentiated and integrated representations of self and of significant others.

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Tools & Resources: Impairment and Disability Web Sites

Guides Newsletter ◽

10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.1999.novdec03 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 5-6

Keyword(s):

Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Disorders ◽

Interpersonal Relationships ◽

Web Sites ◽

Outpatient Psychotherapy ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Not Otherwise Specified ◽

Cluster B Personality Disorders ◽

Clinically Significant ◽

And Behavior

Abstract Personality disorders are enduring patterns of inner experience and behavior that deviate markedly from those expected by the individual's culture; these inflexible and pervasive patterns reflect issues with cognition, affectivity, interpersonal functioning and impulse control, and lead to clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, Fourth Edition, defines two specific personality disorders, in addition to an eleventh condition, Personality Disorder Not Otherwise Specified. Cluster A personality disorders include paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personalities; of these, Paranoid Personality Disorder probably is most common in the legal arena. Cluster B personality disorders include antisocial, borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic personality. Such people may suffer from frantic efforts to avoid perceived abandonment, patterns of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships, an identity disturbance, and impulsivity. Legal issues that involve individuals with cluster B personality disorders often involve determination of causation of the person's problems, assessment of claims of harassment, and assessment of the person's fitness for employment. Cluster C personality disorders include avoidant, dependent, and obsessive-compulsive personality. Two case histories illustrate some of the complexities of assessing impairment in workers with personality disorders, including drug abuse, hospitalizations, and inpatient and outpatient psychotherapy.

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Attachment Organization in Suicide Prevention Research

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000231 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 60-66 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Amanda Venta ◽

Carla Sharp

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Suicide Attempt ◽

Interpersonal Relationships ◽

Suicide Ideation ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Critical Role ◽

Self Report ◽

Future Research ◽

Self Harm

Background: Identifying risk factors for suicide-related thoughts and behaviors (SRTB) is essential among adolescents in whom SRTB remain a leading cause of death. Although many risk factors have already been identified, influential theories now suggest that the domain of interpersonal relationships may play a critical role in the emergence of SRTB. Because attachment has long been seen as the foundation of interpersonal functioning, we suggest that attachment insecurity warrants attention as a risk factor for SRTB. Aims: This study sought to explore relations between attachment organization and suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and self-harm in an inpatient adolescent sample, controlling for demographic and psychopathological covariates. Method: We recruited 194 adolescents from an inpatient unit and assigned them to one of four attachment groups (secure, preoccupied, dismissing, or disorganized attachment). Interview and self-report measures were used to create four variables reflecting the presence or absence of suicidal ideation in the last year, single lifetime suicide attempt, multiple lifetime suicide attempts, and lifetime self-harm. Results: Chi-square and regression analyses did not reveal significant relations between attachment organization and SRTB, although findings did confirm previously established relations between psychopathology and SRTB, such that internalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm, suicide ideation, and suicide attempt and externalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm. Conclusion: The severity of this sample and methodological differences from previous studies may explain the nonsignificant findings. Nonsignificant findings may indicate that the relation between attachment organization and SRTB is moderated by other factors that should be explored in future research.

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The Relationship Between Personality and Self-Report Abilities

Journal of Individual Differences ◽

10.1027/1614-0001/a000035 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 47-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Julie Aitken Schermer ◽

Andrew M. Johnson ◽

Philip A. Vernon ◽

Kerry L. Jang

Keyword(s):

Interpersonal Relationships ◽

Self Report ◽

Personality Factors ◽

Personality Factor ◽

Factor Scores ◽

Environmental Correlations ◽

Ability Factor ◽

Genetic Level ◽

The Relationship ◽

Common Environmental Factor

The relationship between self-report abilities and personality was examined at both the phenotypic (zero-order) level as well as at the genetic and environmental levels. Twins and siblings (N = 516) completed self-report ability and personality questionnaires. A factor analysis of the ability questions revealed 10 factors, including politics, interpersonal relationships, practical tasks, intellectual pursuits, academic skills, entrepreneur/business, domestic skills, vocal abilities, and creativity. Five personality factors were examined, including extraversion, conscientiousness, dependence, aggression, and openness. At the phenotypic level, the correlations between the ability factor scores and personality factor scores ranged from 0 to .60 (between political abilities and extraversion). The relationship between the two areas at the genetic level was found to range between –.01 and .60; the environmental correlations ranged from –.01 to .48. The results suggest that some of the self-report ability scores are related to self-report personality, and that some of these observed relationships may have a common genetic basis while others are from a common environmental factor.

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