Possible Cardio-protective Effect of Olive Oil in Experimentally Induced Hyperthyroidism in Rats

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Mohammed Ali Mousa ◽  
Nermine Kamal Mohamed Saleh Daoud ◽  
Abd El-Hamid A Mohamed ◽  
Manal Said Abd El Hamid ◽  
Doaa Ahmed Abou-Bakr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Maximal Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Pr Interval ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Abstract Background Hyperthyroidism is an endocrine disorder that causes both functional and structural changes in the cardiovascular system. Untreated hyperthyroidism and even persistent subclinical thyroid hyperactivity has been associated with the development of Heart failure by inducing atrial fibrillation, chronic hemodynamic overload, oxidative stress and activation of renin-angiotensin pathway. HF secondary to hyperthyroidism is a reversible cause of cardiomyopathy, which highlights the importance of its prompt diagnosis and treatment. Olive oil with its phenolic compounds are powerful antioxidant that may serve as potential therapeutic agents to reduce cardiovascular hazardous effect of hyperthyroidism and intake of virgin olive oil provides benefits on cardiovascular disease. Aim of the work The aim of the present study is to evaluate the possible cardio-protective effects of olive oil, as a natural antioxidant, in experimentally induced hyperthyroidism in rats. Also, to elucidate the underlying mechanism(s), if any, of its effects. Materials and Methods Animals used were 30 adult male albino rats, which were randomly allocated into three groups. Control group(n = 10): received intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of the solvent of L-thyroxine daily for 4 consecutive weeks. Hyperthyroid group (n = 10): received i.p. injection of L-thyroxine 100μg/kg daily for 4 consecutive weeks. Olive oil-treated hyperthyroid group (n = 10): received i.p. L-Thyroxine as in group II. By the beginning of the third week, 1 ml/100 g B.W extra virgin olive oil was given daily by gavage for 2 weeks. At the end of the study, the overnight fasted rats were subjected to collection of retroorbital blood samples for determination of T3, T4, TSH serum levels. Rats were then weighed and anaesthetized with thiopental sodium (EIPICO, Egypt), IP (40 mg/kg B.W). Then, ECG was recorded. The heart was then subjected to In vitro study of isolated hearts perfused in langendorff preparation. Hearts chambers were then weighed. Apex of left ventricle was used in histopathological examination. Results The induction of hyperthyroidism was confirmed by T3 and T4 levels that were significantly increased, while TSH was significantly decreased in hyperthyroid group as well as olive oil-treated hyperthyroid group compared to control group. Compared to control group, both hyperthyroid and olive oil-treated hyperthyroid groups showed significant decrease in FBW, FBMI, BW% and BMI%. The absolute weights of RV, LV, WH, as well as, their relative weights RV/BW, LV/BW and WH/BW all were significantly increased. Compared to hyperthyroid group, olive oil-treated hyperthyroid group showed significant decrease in FBW as well as FBMI. The LV/BW and WH/BW were significantly increased. As regard ECG findings, HR, QRS duration and amplitude were significantly increased in both hyperthyroid and olive oil-treated hyperthyroid groups as compared to control rats. In the hyperthyroid group the PR interval was significantly shortened compared to control group, after olive oil-treatment PR interval increased significantly compared to hyperthyroid group, and became insignificant from control group. The baseline values in isolated perfused hearts study showed, significant increase in spontaneous beating rate in both hyperthyroid and olive oil-treated hyperthyroid groups as compared to control group. Hyperthyroid group showed non-significant decrease in TG/unit time and significant decrease in HRT compared to control group Olive oil-treated hyperthyroid group TG/unit time was non-significantly increased compared to control group and significantly increased compared to hyperthyroid group. HRT was the same as hyperthyroid group while. Isoprotrenol infusion showed early toxicity in hyperthyroid group indicated by reduced TG/unit time and HRT compared to control group. Olive oil-treated hyperthyroid group TG/unit time maximal response was significantly increased compared to hyperthyroid group, being non-significant from control group. The hematoxylin and eosin study of the left ventricular cardiac muscle, the hyperthyroid group showed apparent structural changes that were partially reversed by olive oil treatment. Conclusion Olive oil was able to impose partial improvement on cardiac systolic function at baseline condition, also, in response to the beta adrenergic agonist, isoproterenol, even though this improvement did not reach control levels.

scholarly journals Biochemical Effect of Antioxidants on Lipids and Liver Function in Experimentally-Induced Liver Damage

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 656-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel-Baset Halim ◽  
Omar El-Ahmady ◽  
Fathy Abdel-Galil ◽  
Amr Darwish ◽  
Samar Hassab-Allah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Biochemical Effect ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Recent studies demonstrated the role of antioxidants in preventing organ damage caused by free radicals. The present study was conducted to find out the modulatory effect of some antioxidants on lipid patterns in experimentally-induced liver damage. Rats chronically intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride (CC14) were used as a model of liver injury terminating with fibrosis or cirrhosis. One hundred and sixty six albino rats were classified into five groups: one served as a control group; the second was subjected to oral administration of CC14 (200 μL/100 g body weight) twice a week; the other three groups, in addition to CC14, received oral doses of silymarin (30mg/kg), vitamin E (200 IU/kg) and vitamin C (50mg/kg) respectively. At the end of the experiment, the animals were killed, blood was collected and liver was taken for histopathological examination. Liver function tests, disturbed by CC14 were significantly modulated by antioxidants, and histopathological examination showed that antioxidants ameliorated the necrotic and fibrotic changes caused by CC14. Treatment with antioxidants was also shown to modulate the toxic effect of CC14 on the lipid profile and malondialdehyde content. Administration of antioxidants could play an important role in prophylaxis against lipid peroxidation and consequently liver fibrosis caused by free radicals.

EVALUATION OF LEFT VENTRICULAR MASS IN THE PREHYPERTENSIVES BY ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY AND ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY

2011 ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
Thi Thuy Hang Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular Mass ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Concentric Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Lv Mass ◽  
Left Ventricular Morphology

Objective: Prehypertensive individuals are at increased risk for developing hypertension and their complication. Many studies show that 2/3 prehypertensive individuals develop hypertension after 4 years. ECG and echocardiography are the routine tests used to assess LV mass. The objective of the research to determine the percentage of change in left ventricular morphology in the ECG, echocardiography, which explore the characteristics of left ventricular structural changes by echocardiography in pre-hypertensive subjects. Materials and method: We studied a total of 50 prehypertensive, 30 males (60%) and 20 females (40%), mean age 48.20±8.47years. 50 normotensive volunteers as control participants. These subjects were examined for ECG and echocardiography. Results: In prehypertensive group, with 18% of left ventricular hypertrophy on electrocardiogram, 12% of left ventricular hypertrophy on echocardiography; in the control group, we did not find any subjects with left ventricular hypertrophy. In the group with left ventricular hypertrophy, mostly eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy (83.33%), concentric left ventricular hypertrophy is 16.67%. Restructuring of left ventricular concentric for 15.9% of subjects without left ventricular hypertrophy on echocardiography. Conclusion: There have been changed in left ventricular morphology even in prehypertensive

scholarly journals The Antioxidant Effect of Curcumin and Rutin on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Experimentally Induced Periodontitis in Hyperglycemic Wistar Rats

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1332
Author(s):  
Gilda M. Iova ◽  
Horia Calniceanu ◽  
Adelina Popa ◽  
Camelia A. Szuhanek ◽  
Olivia Marcu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Background: There is a growing interest in the correlation between antioxidants and periodontal disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of oxidative stress and the impact of two antioxidants, curcumin and rutin, respectively, in the etiopathology of experimentally induced periodontitis in diabetic rats. Methods: Fifty Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups and were induced with diabetes mellitus and periodontitis: (1) (CONTROL)—control group, (2) (DPP)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis, (3) (DPC)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with curcumin (C), (4) (DPR)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with rutin (R) and (5) (DPCR)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with C and R. We evaluated malondialdehyde (MDA) as a biomarker of oxidative stress and reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), GSH/GSSG and catalase (CAT) as biomarkers of the antioxidant capacity in blood harvested from the animals we tested. The MDA levels and CAT activities were also evaluated in the gingival tissue. Results: The control group effect was statistically significantly different from any other groups, regardless of whether or not the treatment was applied. There was also a significant difference between the untreated group and the three treatment groups for variables MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT. There was no significant difference in the mean effect for the MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT variables in the treated groups of rats with curcumin, rutin and the combination of curcumin and rutin. Conclusions: The oral administration of curcumin and rutin, single or combined, could reduce the oxidative stress and enhance the antioxidant status in hyperglycemic periodontitis rats.

scholarly journals Remodeling of the heart and main vessels in patients with marfanoid habitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Eugene V. Timofeev ◽  
Eduard G. Malev ◽  
Nina N. Parfenova ◽  
Eduard V. Zemtsovsky
Keyword(s):  
Marfan Syndrome ◽  
Aortic Root ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium

For many hereditary connective tissue disorders (HCTD), especially Marfan syndrome, remodeling of the heart and main vessels is described, which is manifested by a decrease in the systolic function of the left ventricle and expansion of the thoracic aorta. Evaluation of morphometric characteristics of the heart and main vessels in patients with other HCTD, in particular marfanoid habitus (MH) has not been previously carried out. Materials and methods. Weexamined 90 young men and 74 young women between the ages of 18 to 25 years, 111 patients older age groups with stable over coronary heart disease (mean age 64.66.2 years) and 9 patients with verified Marfan syndrome (mean age 27.99.3years). All survey phenotypic and performed anthropometric survey identifying bone signs of dysembryogenesis as well as Echocardiography study on standard protocol. The results.Patients with MH as compared with control group revealed a relatively larger diameter of aortic root (30.44.7 vs 28.03.6 mm,p= 0.03) and the ascending aorta (26.64.9 vs 24.63.2 mm,p= 0.05). Also young with MH turned out to be significantly thicker myocardium of left ventricular posterior wall (8.30.8 vs 7.71.1 mm,p= 0.02) and interventricular septum (8.81.2vs 8.21.1mm,p= 0.04). When performing correlation analysis identified reliable positive correlation between such highly specialized bone signs as high palate (r= 0.31), infundibular deformation of the chest (r= 0.43), arachnodactyly (r= 0.45) andZ-test (p 0.05 for all). Expansion of the aorta (Z-criterion 2.0) have found 24% of older patients with MH. Conclusion.Inpatients with MH revealed significant structural changes of heart and main vessels which are progredient character thickening of the left ventricular myocardium and expansion of the aortic root.

scholarly journals Acute/Subacute and Sub-Chronic Oral Toxicity of a Hidroxytyrosol-Rich Virgin Olive Oil Extract

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodríguez-Lara ◽  
Mesa ◽  
Aragón-Vela ◽  
Casuso ◽  
Vázquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Additional Group ◽  
Chronic Study ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Different Doses

The objective of this study was to determine the acute (one single dose), subacute (14 days), and sub-chronic (90 days) toxicity of an aqueous virgin olive oil (VOO) extract rich in hydroxytyrosol in rats. For acute/subacute toxicity, rats were divided into three groups. The control group received distilled water (n = 9), another experimental group received a single dose of 300 mg/kg (n = 3), and a third group received one dose of 2000 mg/kg (n = 4) during 14 days. The sub-chronic study included 60rats distributed in three groups (n = 20: 10 males and 10 females) receiving daily different three doses of the VOO extract in the drinking water during 90 days: (1) 100 mg/kg, (2) 300 mg/kg, and (3) 1000 mg/kg. In parallel, a fourth additional group (n = 20: 10 males and 10 females) did not receive any extract (control group). Clinical signs, body weight, functional observations of sensory and motor reactivity, hematological and biochemical analyses, and macroscopic and microscopic histopathology were evaluated. No adverse effects were observed after the administration of the different doses of the hydroxytyrosol-rich VOO extract, which suggests that the enrichment of VOO in its phenolic compound is safe, and can be used as functional foods for the treatment of chronic degenerative diseases.

Protective role of melatonin in myocardial oxidative damage induced by mercury in murine model

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1489-1500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitali Jindal ◽  
Gobind Rai Garg ◽  
Pramod Kumari Mediratta ◽  
Mohammad Fahim
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Mercury Intoxication ◽  
Cardiovascular Functions

This study was designed to investigate the electrophysiological, hemodynamic and biochemical parameters of mercuric chloride and methylmercury exposure on cardiovascular functions and its modulation by melatonin in vivo. Wistar albino rats were divided into six group containing 10 animals each. Mercuric chloride (3.75 µM/L) in drinking water and methylmercury (0.5 mg/kg/day) through gavage, given for 1 month, induced a statistically significant increase ( p < 0.001) in left ventricular end diastolic pressure, blood and cardiac tissue mercury content and myocardial lipid peroxides compared to control. Significant attenuation ( p < 0.05) of baroreflex sensitivity and depletion of myocardial endogenous antioxidants ( p < 0.001) viz. Reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were also found in the mercury-exposed groups as compared to control group. Mercury exposure followed by subacute treatment with melatonin (4 µg/mL/day) in drinking water for 1 month significantly lowered ( p < 0.01) left ventricular end diastolic pressure and lipid peroxide levels and increased baroreceptor sensitivity ( p < 0.001) and also levels of GSH and SOD ( p < 0.001) as compared to mercury-exposed rats. The results of our study provide clear evidence that elevated oxidative stress and altered baroreflex mechanisms caused by mercury intoxication may be the contributing factors responsible for impairment of cardiovascular functions and melatonin may exhibit cardioprotective property against subacute heavy metal intoxication and enhance the antioxidant defense against mercury-induced oxidative myocardial injury in rats.

scholarly journals The Potential Role of Hemopexin and Heme Oxygenase-1 Inducer in a Model of Sepsis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Passainte S. Hassaan ◽  
Radwa A. Mehanna ◽  
Abeer E. Dief
Keyword(s):  
Severe Sepsis ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Sepsis Induction

Background and Aims. Sepsis can evoke disseminated intravascular coagulation, resulting in multiple organ failure and death. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and hemopexin (HPx) can mediate cytoprotective mechanisms against these deleterious effects. This study aims to determine a role for HO-1 and HPx in coagulopathy induced by septic inflammation and define whether they can enhance the production of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Materials and Methods. 48 healthy male albino rats were divided equally into 4 groups: control group: animals subjected to laparotomy and bowel manipulation; CLP group: severe sepsis induced by cecal ligation puncture (CLP); CLP + hemin group: animals received single intraperitoneal injection of hemin (50 µmol/kg) 12 h before sepsis induction; CLP + HPx group: animals received single HPx dose (150 µg/rat, i.v.) 30 min before sepsis induction. Survival rates were calculated. Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and activated protein C (APC), liver HO-1, serum, and liver IL-10 levels were measured, 48 hrs after sepsis induction. Liver and lung were excised for histopathological examination. Results. Hemin and HPx administration upregulated liver HO-1 and IL-10. They prolonged PT, PTT and increased APC. They reduced the inflammatory infiltrate and thrombosis in liver and lung parenchyma. However, hemin was superior in controlling coagulopathy and HO-1 production, while HPx was more potent stimulant of IL-10 expression. Conclusions. Hemin and HPx have a potential beneficial effect in severe sepsis regarding coagulopathy and inflammation.

scholarly journals Early cardiac electrical and structural changes in patients with non-obese non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Kardiologiia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Ekrem Aksu ◽  
Abdullah Sokmen ◽  
Murat Ispiroglu ◽  
Kadir Gisi ◽  
Enes Celik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Background    Obese non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was found to increase the risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AF) regardless of the metabolic syndrome subgroups that may accompany it. In this study, the effect of NAFLD on the structural and electrical functions of the heart was investigated using tissue Doppler echocardiography (TDE) in non-obese NAFLD patients without any known risk factors for AF.Material and methods    The study included 43 female patients (31.3±3.8 years), who had stage 2–3 hepatosteatosis detected by liver ultrasonography and diagnosed as non-obese NAFLD (patient group), and 31 healthy women (control group, 32.5±3.6 years). In addition to standard echocardiographic parameters, inter- and intra-atrial electromechanical delay (EMD) were evaluated by TDE.Results    Interatrial EMD (PA lateral – PA tricuspid) and intraatrial EMD (PA septum – PA tricuspid) were significantly longer in patient group (16.1±3.4 vs. 12.5±2.3 ms, p<0.001, and 8.4±1.6 vs. 6.6±1.6 ms, p<0.001, respectively). At the subclinical level. atrial size, left ventricular diastolic function, and left ventricular wall thickness measurements were greater in the patient group.Conclusion    Inter-atrial and intra-atrial EMD were detected in young women with non-obese NAFLD. In addition, at the subclinical level, structural and functional impairment was detected However, large-volume prospective studies are required to cobfirm these findings regarding the development of AF in non-obese NAFLD patients. 

scholarly journals Effects of Water-Based Contrast Media on Experimentally Induced Established Atherosclerotic Plaques in Rabbits

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaur M. ◽  
Rahman T ◽  
Mohd Kornain NK ◽  
Ahmad R ◽  
Awang Jalil R ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Foam Cell Formation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Atheromatous Plaque ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Experimentally Induced

INTRODUCTION: Imaging techniques involving optical coherence tomography, computed tomography (CT) and high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used as tools to identify atherosclerotic plaques. However, the effects of water-based contrast media used in Post Mortem Computed Tomography Angiography (PMCTA) on the histopathology of atherosclerotic plaques have not been widely explored. The objective of this study is to determine the effects of water-based contrast media used in PMCTA on the histopathology of atherosclerotic plaques and biomarkers of atherosclerosis in experimentally induced established atherosclerotic rabbits. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 2 groups. One group was given a high cholesterol diet (HCD) for 12 weeks to establish atherosclerosis and the control group normal diet (ND). Five rabbits from each group were then given intravenous water-based contrast media before being sacrificed. The entire length of aorta was dissected and submitted for histopathological examination and determination of tissue biomarkers α-SMA and MMP-9. RESULTS: Histopathological examination of the aorta including percentage of area covered by plaque and foam cell formation showed no significant difference in atheromatous plaque formation in both groups of HCD rabbits with or without intravenous contrast media injection (plaque: 55±41 vs. 63±15, p=0.731; foam cells: 124±83 vs. 171±55, p=0.325). Similarly, α-SMA and MMP-9 protein expression also showed no significant difference in both groups (α-SMA: 70±20 vs. 67±26, p=0.807; MMP-9: 60±12 vs. 57±17, p=0.785). CONCLUSION: Water-based contrast media used in PMCTA does not affect the morphology or the immunohistochemistry staining of SMA and MMP-9 in atherosclerotic plaques.

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