scholarly journals Promoter engineering for microbial bio-alkane gas production

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Duangthip Trisrivirat ◽  
John M X Hughes ◽  
Robin Hoeven ◽  
Matthew Faulkner ◽  
Helen Toogood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cost ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Promoter Library ◽  
Production Strategy ◽  
Inducible Systems ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Successful industrial biotechnological solutions to biofuels and other chemicals production rely on effective competition with existing lower-cost natural sources and synthetic chemistry approaches enabled by adopting low-cost bioreactors and processes. This is achievable by mobilizing Halomonas as a next generation industrial chassis, which can be cultivated under non-sterile conditions. To increase the cost effectiveness of an existing sustainable low carbon bio-propane production strategy, we designed and screened a constitutive promoter library based on the known strong porin promoter from Halomonas. Comparative studies were performed between Escherichia coli and Halomonas using the reporter gene red fluorescent protein (RFP). Later studies with a fatty acid photodecarboxylase-RFP fusion protein demonstrated tuneable propane production in Halomonas and E. coli, with an ∼8-fold improvement in yield over comparable isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside-inducible systems. This novel set of promoters is a useful addition to the synthetic biology toolbox for future engineering of Halomonas to make chemicals and fuels.

MODELING AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF AN ALGORITHM FOR THE INERTIAL SENSORS ERRORS REDUCTION AND FOR THE INCREASE OF THE STRAP-DOWN NAVIGATOR REDUNDANCY DEGREE IN A LOW COST ARCHITECTURE

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucian T. Grigorie ◽  
Ruxandra M. Botez
Keyword(s):  
Navigation System ◽  
Inertial Navigation System ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Inertial Navigation ◽  
Noise Power ◽  
Integration Algorithm ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Miniaturized Sensors

In this paper, an algorithm for the inertial sensors errors reduction in a strap-down inertial navigation system, using several miniaturized inertial sensors for each axis of the vehicle frame, is conceived. The algorithm is based on the idea of the maximum ratio-combined telecommunications method. We consider that it would be much more advantageous to set a high number of miniaturized sensors on each input axis of the strap-down inertial system instead of a single one, more accurate but expensive and with larger dimensions. Moreover, a redundant system, which would isolate any of the sensors in case of its malfunctioning, is obtained. In order to test the algorithm, Simulink code is used for algorithm and for the acceleration inertial sensors modeling. The Simulink resulted sensors models include their real errors, based on the data sheets parameters, and were conceived based on the IEEE analytical standardized accelerometers model. An integration algorithm is obtained, in which the signal noise power delivered to the navigation processor, is reduced, proportionally with the number of the integrated sensors. At the same time, the bias of the resulted signal is reduced, and provides a high redundancy degree for the strap-down inertial navigation system at a lower cost than at the cost of more accurate and expensive sensors.

scholarly journals Higher cost of finance exacerbates a climate investment trap in developing economies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Ameli ◽  
Olivier Dessens ◽  
Matthew Winning ◽  
Jennifer Cronin ◽  
Hugues Chenet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Of Capital ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
The Cost

AbstractFinance is vital for the green energy transition, but access to low cost finance is uneven as the cost of capital differs substantially between regions. This study shows how modelled decarbonisation pathways for developing economies are disproportionately impacted by different weighted average cost of capital (WACC) assumptions. For example, representing regionally-specific WACC values indicates 35% lower green electricity production in Africa for a cost-optimal 2 °C pathway than when regional considerations are ignored. Moreover, policy interventions lowering WACC values for low-carbon and high-carbon technologies by 2050 would allow Africa to reach net-zero emissions approximately 10 years earlier than when the cost of capital reduction is not considered. A climate investment trap arises for developing economies when climate-related investments remain chronically insufficient. Current finance frameworks present barriers to these finance flows and radical changes are needed so that capital is more equitably distributed.

scholarly journals Efficiency Power Plant Implementation Decision-Making Based on the Profit Function and Its Numerical Simulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiping Zhu ◽  
Yue Jin
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Output Analysis ◽  
Production Behavior ◽  
Electricity Saving ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Test Verification ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The efficiency power plant (EPP) is a kind of virtual power plant with zero emission, zero pollution, and low cost and exhibits a high-quality low-carbon production behavior in input-output analysis. In the process of implementing EPP, enterprises not only save electricity but also reduce carbon emissions, while increasing the cost of R&D and equipment. Therefore, it is very necessary to study relationships between carbon quota and EPP implementation decision. In this paper, we build the profit functions of three different types of enterprises implementing EPP and analyze the relationship of main parameters, such as the probability of implementing EPP, electricity saving, income, cost, and carbon quota, and obtain nine relative results. Then, we use ‘Maple’ software to simulate the results by drawing images of parameters, and all the above nine results passed the simulation test verification. At last, we collect the actual survey data and use VC++ programming to carry out an empirical study in China to prove the practicability of the model and the results. The results show that, under the carbon quota trading system, enterprises should tend to implement EPPs and increase investment in R&D and acquisition of EPPs and are needed to adjust the intensity of implementing EPPs according to the change of carbon quota and unit carbon quota income, to obtain higher income.

Modular Solar Systems for 24/7 Scalable, Flexible, Affordable Electricity

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce N. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Capacity Factor ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Water Steam ◽  
Solar Systems ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Feasibility ◽  
Solar Resource ◽  
Utility Scale

A successful transition to a low carbon future requires that power be generated all of the time, 24/7, not just when the sun is shining. But few clean emissions power technologies can operate 24/7. Concentrated solar power (CSP) can because it can store thermal energy at 10–20% of the cost of batteries1 and can then burn fuel when its solar resource is exhausted. However, many see first generation CSP as too costly, complex, risky, and economical only at utility scale. Alternatively, by mimicking the all-factory, standardized, modular approach of wind and PV, next generation CSP with low-cost dry thermal storage (e.g., firebrick, not molten salts), and using no water/steam (just hot air) may give CSP the potential to fulfill on its promise of baseload affordability. This technical paper summarizes an Engineering and Cost Feasibility Study2 funded by the US Department of Energy as well as presents a new breakthrough power generation product based on the Brayton power tower system called 247Solar Plants™. Design, construction, and operation are all simplified with greatly reduced costs and increased deployment speeds. Such modular CSP systems can be installed as single units or 100s of modules at utility scale. The microturbines used by the system stabilize grids by responding nearly instantly, similar to battery response time, to changing power demands and voltage fluctuations, while offering dispatchable, reliable electricity. The redundancy of multiple modules in a single project increases capacity factor, operational flexibility, and project reliability. The DOE Study shows that such a system may be able to achieve the two key DOE targets included: 1) a capacity factor of at least 75%, of which >85% would be solar with <15% from fuels; and LCOE3s <9ȼ/kWh. Indeed, LCOEs under 6ȼ/kWh may be possible with further development and widespread deployment.

PROSPECTS OF STRENGTHENING OF SHREDDERS KNIVES OF INDUSTRIAL INSTALLATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (144) ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav F. Aulov ◽  
◽  
Yuriy N. Rozhkov ◽  
Valentin P. Lyalyakin
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Frequency Heating

The main goal of agriculture is to obtain products, but its processing is no less important. At processing enterprises, grinding and cutting are the most important technological process. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in analyzing the market of knives of processing machines, their pricing, resource and describing the economic efficiency of applying strengthening coatings. (Materials and methods) Authors used a digital method of searching through the Internet for enterprises that produce knives for processing machines, types of knives and their characteristics. (Results and discussion) Specialized knives are used for grinding products in the industrial plants. Since knives are a consumable item, the technology of their replacement is subject to requirements for the simplicity of the process, low cost and low labor cost. These requirements, together with the specific ones determined by the technology, form the design of the knives. The efficiency of the processing machine directly depends on the state of its working organs. Replacement of worn-out elements is accompanied by large labor costs, which leads to a decrease in labor productivity and to downtime of equipment in repair, and ultimately − to a decrease in the profit of the enterprise. (Conclusions) The hardening of knives by the borating method using high-frequency heating will increase the productivity of agricultural machinery and will give an economic effect up to 0.32 billion rubles due to an increase in the resource and a lower cost of manufacturing hardened knives compared to imported ones. By reducing the cost of domestic knives, you can get savings on one knife of 1960 rubles, provided that you refuse to purchase imported knives.

scholarly journals Fast and Low-cost Search for Efficient Cloud Configurations for HPC Workloads

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanderson M. do Rosario ◽  
Thais A. Silva Camacho ◽  
Otávio O. Napoli ◽  
Edson Borin
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Bayesian Optimization ◽  
Hard Problem ◽  
Early Stopping ◽  
Search Cost ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Optimal Configurations

The wide variety of virtual machine types, network configurations, number of instances, among others configuration tweaks, in cloud computing, makes the finding of the best configuration a hard problem. Trying to reduce costs and resource underutilization while achieving acceptable performance can be a hard task even for specialists. Thus, many approaches to find these optimal or almost optimal configurations for a given program were proposed in the literature. Observing the performance of an application in the cloud takes time and money. Therefore, most of the approaches aim not only to find good solutions but also to reduce the search cost. One of those approaches relies on Bayesian Optimization, which analyzes fewer configurations, reducing the search cost while still finding good solutions. Another approach found in the literature is the use of a technique named Paramount Iteration, which enables users to reason about cloud configurations' cost and performance without executing the application to its completion (early-stopping) this approach reduces the cost of each observation. In this work, we show that both techniques can be used together to do fewer and lower-cost observations. We demonstrate that such an approach can recommend solutions that are 1.68x better on average than Random Searching and with a 6x cheaper search.

Progress and perspectives in total body PET systems instrumentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefaan Vandenberghe
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cost ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Axial Field ◽  
Cost System ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Total Body ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Total body positron emission tomography (PET) systems are being developed by different groups worldwide. These systems have potential to change the number of applications in which molecular imaging is used. The change from a short axial field of view (FOV) to a longer one is however associated with a linear increase in the cost of these systems. This may limit their application to a small number of centers (capable of obtaining sufficient research funding). Therefore it remains interesting to see if lower cost systems can be developed and bring total body PET to the clinic for an acceptable budget. The wider availability of this low cost system can also enable more researchers to further optimize and explore the full potential of total body PET.

scholarly journals A Low-cost RFID/GPS Location Sensing Algorithm for Urban Infrastructure

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changfeng Jing ◽  
Mingyi Du ◽  
Likun Shang
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Rfid Reader ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Location Sensing

Low-cost Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) location sensing algorithm is practical and crucial for urban infrastructure location. Current RFID location algorithms are based on fixed multiple RFID reader or reference points (reader or tag) with known position, which is cost and difficult to deployment in urban environment. The objective of this study is to develop a low-cost location sensing algorithm using RFID technique to locate urban infrastructure. This paper presents an algorithm based on multilateration with the integration of mobile RFID and Global Position System (GPS). The mobility of RFID reader can measure many distances between different RFID reader positions and target tag which represent multilateration. The GPS provides coordination of RFID reader. The location of tag is calculated based on triangle geometric property. The redundant observation is adopted to get the optimum location. In practice, the only one RFID reader is necessary, thus the cost is reduced hardly. The performance and accuracy assessment are conducted in field experiment. The experiment proves that the proposed low-cost location sensing algorithm is able to location the urban infrastructure with smaller position error. The lower cost makes it even more economically feasible than other algorithm.

Advance Protection for Three Phase Induction Motor using Microcontroller Atmega32

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Karan S Belsare ◽  
Gajanan D Patil
Keyword(s):  
Induction Motor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Cost Factor ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
The Cost

A low cost and reliable protection scheme has been designed for a three phase induction motor against unbalance voltages, under voltage, over voltage, short circuit and overheating protection. Taking the cost factor into consideration the design has been proposed using microcontroller Atmega32, MOSFETs, relays, small CTs and PTs. However the sensitivity of the protection scheme has been not compromised. The design has been tested online in the laboratory for small motors and the same can be implemented for larger motors by replacing the i-v converters and relays of suitable ratings.

Janus – A New Approach to Air Combat Pilot Training

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
Georges Bridel ◽  
Zdobyslaw Goraj ◽  
Lukasz Kiszkowiak ◽  
Jean-Georges Brévot ◽  
Jean-Pierre Devaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Training System ◽  
Embedded Sensors ◽  
Pilot Training ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Combat Aircraft ◽  
Air Combat ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Advanced jet training still relies on old concepts and solutions that are no longer efficient when considering the current and forthcoming changes in air combat. The cost of those old solutions to develop and maintain combat pilot skills are important, adding even more constraints to the training limitations. The requirement of having a trainer aircraft able to perform also light combat aircraft operational mission is adding unnecessary complexity and cost without any real operational advantages to air combat mission training. Thanks to emerging technologies, the JANUS project will study the feasibility of a brand-new concept of agile manoeuvrable training aircraft and an integrated training system, able to provide a live, virtual and constructive environment. The JANUS concept is based on a lightweight, low-cost, high energy aircraft associated to a ground based Integrated Training System providing simulated and emulated signals, simulated and real opponents, combined with real-time feedback on pilot’s physiological characteristics: traditionally embedded sensors are replaced with emulated signals, simulated opponents are proposed to the pilot, enabling out of sight engagement. JANUS is also providing new cost effective and more realistic solutions for “Red air aircraft” missions, organised in so-called “Aggressor Squadrons”.

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