scholarly journals From the Cover: Zinc Deficiency Worsens and Supplementation Prevents High-Fat Diet Induced Vascular Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Pathological Remodeling

2016 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Chen ◽  
Shudong Wang ◽  
Manyu Luo ◽  
Zhiguo Zhang ◽  
Xiaozhen Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Vascular Inflammation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Pathological Remodeling

scholarly journals CD40L controls obesity-associated vascular inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction in high fat diet-treated and db/db mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Steven ◽  
Mobin Dib ◽  
Michael Hausding ◽  
Fatemeh Kashani ◽  
Matthias Oelze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Vascular Inflammation ◽  
Human Study ◽  
Isometric Tension ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Aorta Ascendens

Abstract Aims CD40 ligand (CD40L) signaling controls vascular oxidative stress and related dysfunction in angiotensin-II-induced arterial hypertension by regulating vascular immune cell recruitment and platelet activation. Here we investigated the role of CD40L in experimental hyperlipidemia. Methods and results Male wild type and CD40L−/− mice (C57BL/6 background) were subjected to high fat diet for sixteen weeks. Weight, cholesterol, HDL, and LDL levels, endothelial function (isometric tension recording), oxidative stress (NADPH oxidase expression, dihydroethidium fluorescence) and inflammatory parameters (inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin-6 expression) were assessed. CD40L expression, weight, leptin and lipids were increased, and endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation were more pronounced in wild type mice on a high fat diet, all of which was almost normalized by CD40L deficiency. Similar results were obtained in diabetic db/db mice with CD40/TRAF6 inhibitor (6877002) therapy. In a small human study higher serum sCD40L levels and an inflammatory phenotype were detected in the blood and Aorta ascendens of obese patients (body mass index > 35) that underwent by-pass surgery. Conclusion CD40L controls obesity-associated vascular inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in mice and potentially humans. Thus, CD40L represents a therapeutic target in lipid metabolic disorders which is a leading cause in cardiovascular disease.

Hesperetin ameliorates hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation via the PI3K/AKT-Nrf2-ARE pathway in oleic acid-induced HepG2 cells and a rat model of high-fat diet-induced NAFLD

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingda Li ◽  
Tianqi Wang ◽  
Panpan Liu ◽  
Fuyuan Yang ◽  
Xudong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hepatic Oxidative Stress

Hesperetin as a major bioflavonoid in citrus fruits improves NAFLD by suppressing hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation.

scholarly journals High-fat diet-induced obesity and impairment of brain neurotransmitter pool

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
Ranyah Shaker M. Labban ◽  
Hanan Alfawaz ◽  
Ahmed T. Almnaizel ◽  
Wail M. Hassan ◽  
Ramesa Shafi Bhat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Brain Neurotransmitter ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Lean Group

AbstractObesity and the brain are linked since the brain can control the weight of the body through its neurotransmitters. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity on brain functioning through the measurement of brain glutamate, dopamine, and serotonin metabolic pools. In the present study, two groups of rats served as subjects. Group 1 was fed a normal diet and named as the lean group. Group 2 was fed an HFD for 4 weeks and named as the obese group. Markers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, glutathione, glutathione-s-transferase, and vitamin C), inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6 and IL-12), and leptin along with a lipid profile (cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein levels) were measured in the serum. Neurotransmitters dopamine, serotonin, and glutamate were measured in brain tissue. Fecal samples were collected for observing changes in gut flora. In brain tissue, significantly high levels of dopamine and glutamate as well as significantly low levels of serotonin were found in the obese group compared to those in the lean group (P > 0.001) and were discussed in relation to the biochemical profile in the serum. It was also noted that the HFD affected bacterial gut composition in comparison to the control group with gram-positive cocci dominance in the control group compared to obese. The results of the present study confirm that obesity is linked to inflammation, oxidative stress, dyslipidemic processes, and altered brain neurotransmitter levels that can cause obesity-related neuropsychiatric complications.

scholarly journals Neurodegeneration in an animal model of Parkinson's disease is exacerbated by a high-fat diet

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (4) ◽  
pp. R1082-R1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill K. Morris ◽  
Gregory L. Bomhoff ◽  
John A. Stanford ◽  
Paige C. Geiger
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
High Fat

Despite numerous clinical studies supporting a link between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Parkinson's disease (PD), the clinical literature remains equivocal. We, therefore, sought to address the relationship between insulin resistance and nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) in a preclinical animal model. High-fat feeding in rodents is an established model of insulin resistance, characterized by increased adiposity, systemic oxidative stress, and hyperglycemia. We subjected rats to a normal chow or high-fat diet for 5 wk before infusing 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the medial forebrain bundle. Our goal was to determine whether a high-fat diet and the resulting peripheral insulin resistance would exacerbate 6-OHDA-induced nigrostriatal DA depletion. Prior to 6-OHDA infusion, animals on the high-fat diet exhibited greater body weight, increased adiposity, and impaired glucose tolerance. Two weeks after 6-OHDA, locomotor activity was tested, and brain and muscle tissue was harvested. Locomotor activity did not differ between the groups nor did cholesterol levels or measures of muscle atrophy. High-fat-fed animals exhibited higher homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values and attenuated insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in fast-twitch muscle, indicating decreased insulin sensitivity. Animals in the high-fat group also exhibited greater DA depletion in the substantia nigra and the striatum, which correlated with HOMA-IR and adiposity. Decreased phosphorylation of HSP27 and degradation of IκBα in the substantia nigra indicate increased tissue oxidative stress. These findings support the hypothesis that a diet high in fat and the resulting insulin resistance may lower the threshold for developing PD, at least following DA-specific toxin exposure.

Silymarin alleviates hepatic oxidative stress and protects against metabolic disorders in high-fat diet-fed mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Feng ◽  
Ran Meng ◽  
Bin Huang ◽  
Shanmei Shen ◽  
Yan Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hepatic Oxidative Stress
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