scholarly journals Identification of Small Grains Genotypes Resistant to Wheat spindle streak mosaic virus

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 1045-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Cadle-Davidson ◽  
M. E. Sorrells ◽  
S. M. Gray ◽  
G. C. Bergstrom
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Virus Titer ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Small Grains ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Once Wheat spindle streak mosaic virus (WSSMV) becomes established in a field, the only available control strategy is the planting of resistant genotypes. In this study, we assessed 112 genotypes of winter wheat, rye, triticale, and barley for resistance to WSSMV in a 3-year trial in a field that had been used continuously for WSSMV evaluation for over 20 years. Because resistance to WSSMV reduces the percentage of plants that develop detectable virus titer and symptoms, we collected and analyzed disease incidence data. None of the genotypes was immune to infection. Sixty-two of the regionally adapted genotypes repeatedly expressed resistance to WSSMV, thus providing growers with a choice of cultivars resistant to WSSMV. Because of a significant interaction between genotypes and environment (year), genotypes should be assessed for incidence of symptomatic plants in multiple years, particularly when differentiating intermediate responses from highly susceptible and highly resistant responses.

scholarly journals Identification of Small Grains Genotypes Resistant to Soilborne wheat mosaic virus

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 1039-1044 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Cadle-Davidson ◽  
M. E. Sorrells ◽  
S. M. Gray ◽  
G. C. Bergstrom
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Small Grains

Soilborne wheat mosaic virus (SBWMV) was detected in New York in 1998 for the first time and has been associated with yield loss where identified. We assessed 115 regionally adapted small grains genotypes for resistance to SBWMV over four growing seasons. Resistance to SBWMV reduces the percentage of plants that develop detectable viral titer and symptoms. Logistic regression was used to analyze disease incidence data and was compared with a general linear model for categorizing relative resistance to SBWMV. Logistic regression facilitated assessment of the effects of small sample size, low disease incidence, and nonuniform disease distribution. By increasing sample size from 20 to 30 stems per replicate, the number of resistance categories was increased through improved resolution of intermediate resistance classes. In environments with low disease incidence, the number of genotypes categorized as susceptible decreased while intermediate genotypes appeared to be resistant in the analysis. Inclusion of disease distribution data as covariates in a spatially balanced experiment did not increase the power of the logistic analysis. No genotype assessed in multiple years was immune to infection. However, 41 of the regionally adapted genotypes tested repeatedly expressed strong resistance to SBWMV, providing growers a choice of cultivars resistant to SBWMV.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cane Genotypes Under Sprinkler Irrigation at Early Selection Stage for Tolerance to Sugarcane Streak Mosaic Virus (SCSMV) at Ferké Sugar Estates in Ivory Coast

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. p115
Author(s):  
Crépin B. PÉNÉ ◽  
Y.M. BÉHOU
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Sugarcane Streak Mosaic Virus ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Selection Stage ◽  
Current Selection ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Sugarcane streak mosaic virus (SCSMV) became the major endemic disease of economic importance in Ivorian sugar estates almost two years ago, which spreads very fast across plantations and varieties. The study aimed to determine resistant sugarcane genotypes against SCSMV in Ferké sugar estates. It involved five experiments conducted at first selection stage under sprinkler irrigation, following a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 20 to 30 different genotypes, two check varieties included, all in 4 replicates. Experiments were planted in October or December 2018, and expected to be harvested in November/December 2019 and 2020 as plant cane and first ratoon, respectively. Disease incidence and severity across all experiments were determined at 3 to 4 months, i.e. at early formative growth stage where symptoms due to SCSMV could be easily observed and recognized in the field. In each of the five selection trials conducted on both Ferké 1 & 2 sugar estates, highly significant differences in disease incidence and severity were observed between genotypes as well as crop cycles (plant cane and first ratoon). Except for one trial (B3-24 in Ferké 1), Genotype x crop cycle interactions were significant or highly significant, which showed that the majority of genotypes tested behaved differently from plant cane to first ratoon towards the disease. Particularly, the percentage of resistant genotypes decreased from 50 to 3.4% whereas that of highly susceptible ones increased from 4.2 to 92.4%. This shows the level of challenge to be tackled in the control of SCSM disease through sugarcane breeding and selection. At the end of the current selection stage under way, i.e. after harvest of first ratoon, only the best yielding genotypes among the resistant ones will undergo the advanced selection stage.

scholarly journals Winter Wheat Cultivars with Temperature-Sensitive Resistance to Wheat streak mosaic virus Do Not Recover from Early-Season Infections

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob A. Price ◽  
Angela R. Simmons ◽  
Arash Rashed ◽  
Fekede Workneh ◽  
Charles M. Rush
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Quantitative Resistance ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Virus Titer ◽  
Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Infection Period ◽  
Wheat Curl Mite

Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), Triticum mosaic virus, and Wheat mosaic virus, all vectored by the wheat curl mite Aceria tosichella Keifer, frequently cause devastating losses to winter wheat production throughout the central and western Great Plains. Resistant ‘Mace’ and ‘RonL are commercially available and contain the wsm1 and wsm2 genes, respectively, for resistance to WSMV. However, the resistance in these cultivars is temperature sensitive, ineffective above 27°C, and does not protect against the other common wheat viruses. The majority of winter wheat in the Southern Great Plains is planted in early fall as a dual-purpose crop for both grazing and grain production. Early planting exposes wheat plants to warmer temperatures above the threshold for effective resistance. Studies were conducted to determine whether the resistance found in these cultivars would give infected plants the ability to recover as temperatures cooled to a range conducive to effective genetic resistance. RonL, Mace, ‘TAM 111’, ‘TAM 112’, and ‘Karl 92’ wheat were infested with WSMV viruliferous mites at temperatures above the resistance threshold. After the initial 4-week infection period, plants were subjected to progressively cooler temperatures during the winter months, well below the resistance threshold. Throughout the study, plant samples were taken to quantify virus titer and mite populations. Resistant RonL and Mace, which became severely infected during the initial infection period, were not able to recover even when temperatures dropped below the resistance threshold. However, TAM 112 showed resistance to WSMV but, more importantly, it also showed resistance to the wheat curl mite, because the mite population in this cultivar was significantly lower than on all other cultivars. The results of this study are significant in that they represent the first evidence of quantitative resistance to both WSMV and the wheat curl mite in a single wheat cultivar. Resistance to the wheat curl mite has potential to reduce losses to all mite-vectored virus diseases of wheat and not just WSMV.

scholarly journals Deteksi Squash mosaic virus pada Lima Varietas Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Rosminim Purba ◽  
Susanti Mugi Lestari ◽  
Yudia Nurhaelena ◽  
Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Virus Titer ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Generative Phase

<p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p><p><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Squash</span></em><em> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">mosaic</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">virus</span> </em><em>(SqMV) is a seed-borne pathogen which infect many <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Cucurbitaceae </span>crops.  Infection of SqMV has been reported from several vegetable growing areas in Indonesia. The objective of this research was to determine the percentage of seed-borne SqMV on five cucumber varieties i.e. ‘Jupiter’, ‘Venus’, ‘Japan File’, ‘Vario’, and ‘Calista’ and the effect of SqMV infection on mosaic disease development. Five cucumber varieties were mechanically inoculated with SqMV, followed by observation on symptom development, incubation period, and disease incidence. Seed-borne virus was detected by Dot Immunobinding Assay (DIBA) and indirect Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods following growing-on test. The plants showed varied symptoms including green mosaic, green-yellow mosaic, vein clearing, and fruit malformation. Disease severity and virus titer showed general trend, i.e. low during inflorescence period and increasing on fruiting period; with the exception on ‘Japan File’ which showed decreasing of disease severity since generative phase. All commercial seeds (F1) tested evidently infected by SqMV with high incidence (100%), whereas infection of SqMV on F2 seeds of ‘Venus’ reached 60.87%.</em></p><p><em>Keywords: DIBA, disease incidence, ELISA, seed transmission, virus titer</em></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong><strong> </strong></p><p><em>Squash mosaic virus </em>(SqMV) adalah patogen terbawa benih yang banyak menginfeksi tanaman <em>Cucurbitaceae</em>, dan keberadaannya di Indonesia sudah meluas. Tujuan penelitian ialah mengetahui persentase SqMV terbawa benih pada lima varietas mentimun yaitu ‘Yupiter’, ‘Venus’, ‘Japan File’, ‘Vario’, dan ‘Calista’ dan mengetahui pengaruh infeksi SqMV terhadap perkembangan penyakit mosaik. Lima varietas mentimun diinokulasi dengan SqMV secara mekanis kemudian diamati gejala yang muncul, periode inkubasi, dan insidensi penyakit. Pengujian virus terbawa benih dilakukan dengan menumbuhkan benih, selanjutnya deteksi virus dilakukan menggunakan metode <em>Dot Immunobinding Assay </em>(DIBA)<em> </em>dan<em> indirect Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay </em>(<em>ELISA</em>). Tanaman mentimun menunjukkan gejala infeksi SqMV yang bervariasi yaitu mosaik hijau, mosaik kuning hijau, pemucatan tulang daun, dan malformasi pada buah. Pengamatan keparahan penyakit dan titer virus menunjukkan pola perkembangan penyakit mosaik yaitu menurun pada fase berbunga dan meningkat lagi pada fase berbuah, kecuali varietas Japan File memberikan respons yang berbeda karena penurunan keparahan penyakit berlanjut sejak fase generatif. Benih komersial (F1) yang banyak digunakan petani terbukti membawa SqMV dengan infeksi mencapai 100% dan tanaman varietas ‘Venus’ yang terinfeksi SqMV menghasilkan benih keturunan (F2) yang membawa SqMV dengan efisiensi mencapai 60.87%.</p><p>Kata kunci: DIBA, ELISA, insidensi penyakit, titer virus, tular benih</p>

scholarly journals Analysis of Bacterial Leaf Streak Epidemics on Winter Wheat in Louisiana

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 541-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Tubajika ◽  
J. S. Russin ◽  
S. A. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Streak ◽  
Incidence Data

Studies were conducted to characterize spatial and temporal progress of bacterial leaf streak disease (Xanthomonas translucens pv. translucens) on susceptible (Florida 304) and moderately resistant (Terral 101) winter wheat cultivars. Epidemics were initiated with rifampicin-resistant strain 88–14rif of X. translucens pv. translucens by establishing point sources of inoculum in plot centers. Incidence of bacterial leaf streak was assessed five times in 1995 and three times in 1996, starting from the first observation of leaf streak symptoms. Rainfall, temperature, and wind speed were significantly related to disease incidence, but relative humidity was not. The Gompertz model gave the best statistical fit for the progression of disease incidence over time. Average rates of disease progress (k) obtained from the regression of bacterial leaf streak incidence against time provided a good method of comparing the cultivars Florida 304 and Terral 101 and were consistent across locations. Bacterial leaf streak disease gradients were best described by the negative exponential model. Bacterial leaf streak incidence decreased with distance from inoculum source for both cultivars. Disease incidence on Terral 101 was near 0% at 2 m from the source, and disease incidence close to the source was consistently lower on Terral 101 than on Florida 304 at all growth stages sampled. This was not unexpected because the two cultivars differed in susceptibility. Disease incidence data were more useful than severity data in providing a good estimate of disease spread away from the source.

Generation means analysis of wheat streak mosaic virus resistance in winter wheat

Euphytica ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Hakizimana ◽  
Amir M.H. Ibrahim ◽  
Marie A.C. Langham ◽  
Jackie C. Rudd ◽  
Scott D. Haley
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Virus Resistance ◽  
Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus ◽  
Generation Means ◽  
Generation Means Analysis

Estimating Yield Losses Due to Barley Yellow Dwarf on Winter Wheat in Kansas Using Disease Phenotypic Data

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genna M. Gaunce ◽  
William W. Bockus
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
The Impact

Barley yellow dwarf (BYD) is one of the most important wheat diseases in the state of Kansas. Despite the development of cultivars with improved resistance to BYD, little is known about the impact that this resistance has on yield loss from the disease. The intent of this research was to estimate yield loss in winter wheat cultivars in Kansas due to BYD and quantify the reduction in losses associated with resistant cultivars. During seven years, BYD incidence was visually assessed on numerous winter wheat cultivars in replicated field nurseries. When grain yields were regressed against BYD incidence scores, negative linear relationships significantly fit the data for each year and for the combined dataset covering all seven years. The models showed that, depending upon the year, 19–48% (average 33%) of the relative yields was explained by BYD incidence. For the combined dataset, 29% of the relative yield was explained by BYD incidence. The models indicated that cultivars showing the highest disease incidence that year had 25–86% (average 49%) lower yield than a hypothetical cultivar that showed zero incidence. Using the models, the moderate level of resistance in the cultivar Everest was calculated to reduce yield loss from BYD by about 73%. Therefore, utilizing visual BYD symptom evaluations in Kansas coupled with grain yields is useful to estimate yield loss from the disease. Accepted for publication 1 December 2014. Published 9 January 2015.

scholarly journals Wheat streak mosaic virus detected in winter wheat in Lithuania

2015 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laima Urbanavičienė ◽  
Donatas Šneideris ◽  
Marija Žižytė
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus

scholarly journals KETAHANAN BEBERAPA KULTIVAR CABAI TERHADAP CUCUMBER MOSAIC VIRUS DAN CHILLI VEINAL MOTTLE VIRUS

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-139
Author(s):  
Muhammad Taufik ◽  
Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat ◽  
Sriani Sujiprihati ◽  
Gede Suastika ◽  
Sientje Mandang Sumaraw
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Tolerance Response ◽  
Chilli Veinal Mottle Virus ◽  
Das Elisa

Resistance Evaluation of Chillipepper Cultivars for Cucumber Mosaic Virus and Chilli Veinal Mottle Virus.  The use of resistance culivars is an important strategy for management of virus infection in chillipepper. A research was undergone to study the effect of single and mix infection of CMV and ChiVMV on the disease incidence and on the growth and yield of nine chillipepper cultivars, i.e. Cilibangi 4, Cilibangi 5, Cilibangi 6, Helem, Jatilaba, Tit Bulat, Tit Segitiga, Tit Super and Tampar. Mechanical inoculation was conducted to transmit the virus. Infection of the virus was then confirmed with DAS-ELISA.  In general, inoculated chillipepper cultivars developed similar symptoms, i.e. mosaic type for CMV and mottle type for ChiVMV.  More severe symptom was not always observed from mix infection of CMV and ChiVMV. Disease incidence occurred in the range of 16.67 – 86.0% and this caused 18.3 – 98.6% yield loss.  Based on symptom expression, ELISA result, and reduction on yield, it can be concluded that all chillipepper cultivars used in this study could not hold up the virus infection. However, several cultivars showed tolerance response :  Jatilaba, Tit Super, and Tampar for CMV; Cilibangi 4 for ChiVMV; Tit Super for mix infection; and Cilibangi 5 for CMV, ChiVMV, and mix infection.  Further evaluation and investigation involving different chillipepper cultivars should be conducted.

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