Reduction of body weight by rutin is associated with an increase of brown adipose tissue mitochondrial biogenesis in high‐fat diet induced obese rat (LB430)

Brown adipose tissue activity dissipates energy as heat, and there is evidence that lack of the retinoblastoma protein (pRb) may favor the development of the brown adipocyte phenotype in adipose cells. In this work we assessed the impact of germ line haploinsufficiency of the pRb gene (Rb) on the response to high-fat diet feeding in mice. Rb+/− mice had body weight and adiposity indistinguishable from that of wild-type (Rb+/+) littermates when maintained on a standard diet, yet they gained less body weight and body fat after long-term high-fat diet feeding coupled with reduced feed efficiency and increased rectal temperature. Rb haploinsufficiency ameliorated insulin resistance and hepatosteatosis after high-fat diet in male mice, in which these disturbances were more marked than in females. Compared with wild-type littermates, Rb+/− mice fed a high-fat diet displayed higher expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ as well as of genes involved in mitochondrial function, cAMP sensitivity, brown adipocyte determination, and tissue vascularization in white adipose tissue depots. Furthermore, Rb+/− mice exhibited signs of enhanced activation of brown adipose tissue and higher expression levels of PPARα in liver and of PPARδ in skeletal muscle, suggestive of an increased capability for fatty acid oxidation in these tissues. These findings support a role for pRb in modulating whole body energy metabolism and the plasticity of the adipose tissues in vivo and constitute first evidence that partial deficiency in the Rb gene protects against the development of obesity and associated metabolic disturbances.

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Ellagic Acid Affects Metabolic and Transcriptomic Profiles and Attenuates Features of Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Male Rats

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13030804 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 804

Author(s):

Adéla Kábelová ◽

Hana Malínská ◽

Irena Marková ◽

Olena Oliyarnyk ◽

Blanka Chylíková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Body Weight ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Brown Adipose Tissue ◽

Ellagic Acid ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Male Rats ◽

High Fat ◽

Brown Adipose

Ellagic acid, a natural substance found in various fruits and nuts, was previously shown to exhibit beneficial effects towards metabolic syndrome. In this study, using a genetic rat model of metabolic syndrome, we aimed to further specify metabolic and transcriptomic responses to ellagic acid treatment. Adult male rats of the SHR-Zbtb16Lx/k.o. strain were fed a high-fat diet accompanied by daily intragastric gavage of ellagic acid (50 mg/kg body weight; high-fat diet–ellagic acid (HFD-EA) rats) or vehicle only (high-fat diet–control (HFD-CTL) rats). Morphometric and metabolic parameters, along with transcriptomic profile of liver and brown and epididymal adipose tissues, were assessed. HFD-EA rats showed higher relative weight of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and decreased weight of epididymal adipose tissue, although no change in total body weight was observed. Glucose area under the curve, serum insulin, and cholesterol levels, as well as the level of oxidative stress, were significantly lower in HFD-EA rats. The most differentially expressed transcripts reflecting the shift induced by ellagic acid were detected in BAT, showing downregulation of BAT activation markers Dio2 and Nr4a1 and upregulation of insulin-sensitizing gene Pla2g2a. Ellagic acid may provide a useful nutritional supplement to ameliorate features of metabolic syndrome, possibly by suppressing oxidative stress and its effects on brown adipose tissue.

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Brown adipose tissue metabolism in ob/ob mice: effects of a high-fat diet and adrenalectomy

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.1987.253.2.e149 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 253 (2) ◽

pp. E149-E157

Author(s):

H. K. Kim ◽

D. R. Romsos

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Brown Adipose Tissue ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Adipose Tissue Metabolism ◽

High Carbohydrate ◽

Bat Mitochondria ◽

Norepinephrine Turnover ◽

Brown Adipose ◽

Thermogenic Capacity

Adrenalectomy prevents development of obesity in ob/ob mice fed high-carbohydrate stock diets partly by stimulating the low thermogenic capacity of their brown adipose tissue (BAT). Adrenalectomy, however, fails to prevent development of obesity in ob/ob mice fed a high-fat diet. Effects of adrenalectomy on BAT metabolism in ob/ob mice fed a high-fat diet were thus examined. ob/ob mice fed the high-fat diet developed gross obesity despite normal BAT metabolism, as assessed by rates of norepinephrine turnover in BAT, GDP binding to BAT mitochondria, and GDP-inhibitable, chloride-induced mitochondrial swelling. Adrenalectomy failed to arrest the development of obesity or to influence BAT metabolism in ob/ob mice fed the high-fat diet. Development of obesity in ob/ob mice fed a high-fat diet is not associated with low thermogenic capacity of BAT or with adrenal secretions, as it is in ob/ob mice fed high-carbohydrate stock diets.

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The novel non‐steroidal MR antagonist finerenone improves metabolic parameters in high‐fat diet‐fed mice and activates brown adipose tissue via AMPK‐ATGL pathway

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fj.202000164r ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (9) ◽

pp. 12450-12465 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vincenzo Marzolla ◽

Alessandra Feraco ◽

Stefania Gorini ◽

Caterina Mammi ◽

Carmen Marrese ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Brown Adipose Tissue ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Metabolic Parameters ◽

The Novel ◽

High Fat ◽

Brown Adipose

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Defective trophic response of brown adipose tissue of myopathic hamsters

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.1984.247.6.e800 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 247 (6) ◽

pp. E800-E807

Author(s):

J. Triandafillou ◽

W. Hellenbrand ◽

J. Himms-Hagen

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Muscular Dystrophy ◽

Brown Adipose Tissue ◽

Protein Content ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Marked Reduction ◽

Short Photoperiod ◽

Normal Amount ◽

High Fat ◽

Brown Adipose

Hamsters with muscular dystrophy (BIO 14.6) have a smaller than normal amount of brown adipose tissue. Two stimuli that promote growth of brown adipose tissue in normal hamsters, short photoperiod and eating a high-fat diet, are here shown to be without effect on brown adipose tissue of myopathic hamsters. Cold-induced growth of brown adipose tissue occurs normally [Am. J. Physiol. 239 (Cell Physiol. 8): C18–C22, 1980]. There is a normal rate of turnover of norepinephrine in brown adipose tissue of the myopathic hamster but a failure of the tissue to hypertrophy in response to norepinephrine is unlikely since norepinephrine does not appear to mediate the trophic response [Am. J. Physiol. 247 (Endocrinol. Metab. 10): E793–E799, 1984]. Denervation results in a marked reduction in size (protein content) of brown adipose tissue of normal hamsters but has very little effect on the size of brown adipose tissue of myopathic hamsters. A central, possibly hypothalamic, defect in the myopathic hamster is postulated to underlie its abnormal control of brown adipose tissue hypertrophy.

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Anti-Obesity Effects of Grateloupia elliptica, a Red Seaweed, in Mice with High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity via Suppression of Adipogenic Factors in White Adipose Tissue and Increased Thermogenic Factors in Brown Adipose Tissue

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12020308 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 308 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hyo-Geun Lee ◽

Yu An Lu ◽

Xining Li ◽

Ji-Min Hyun ◽

Hyun-Soo Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Brown Adipose Tissue ◽

White Adipose Tissue ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Red Seaweed ◽

High Fat ◽

Adipose Tissues ◽

Ppar Γ ◽

Brown Adipose ◽

Treatment Of Obesity

Obesity is a serious metabolic syndrome characterized by high levels of cholesterol, lipids in the blood, and intracellular fat accumulation in adipose tissues. It is known that the suppression of adipogenic protein expression is an effective approach for the treatment of obesity, and regulates fatty acid storage and transportation in adipose tissues. The 60% ethanol extract of Grateloupia elliptica (GEE), a red seaweed from Jeju Island in Korea, was shown to exert anti-adipogenic activity in 3T3-L1 cells and in mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. GEE inhibited intracellular lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells, and significantly reduced expression of adipogenic proteins. In vivo experiments indicated a significant reduction in body weight, as well as white adipose tissue (WAT) weight, including fatty liver, serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, and leptin contents. The expression of the adipogenic proteins, SREBP-1 and PPAR-γ, was significantly decreased by GEE, and the expression of the metabolic regulator protein was increased in WAT. The potential of GEE was shown in WAT, with the downregulation of PPAR-γ and C/EBP-α mRNA; in contrast, in brown adipose tissue (BAT), the thermogenic proteins were increased. Collectively, these research findings suggest the potential of GEE as an effective candidate for the treatment of obesity-related issues via functional foods or pharmaceutical agents.

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Does a high-fat diet-induced obesity model brown adipose tissue thermogenesis? A systematic review

Archives of Medical Science ◽

10.5114/aoms.2019.86781 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Gabriela S. Perez ◽

Gabriele D.S. Cordeiro ◽

Lucimeire S. Santos ◽

Djane D.A. Espírito-Santo ◽

Gilson T. Boaventura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Brown Adipose Tissue ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Diet Induced Obesity ◽

Brown Adipose ◽

Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis

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Diet, lighting, and food intake affect norepinephrine turnover in dietary obesity

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.1987.252.2.r402 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 252 (2) ◽

pp. R402-R408 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

T. Yoshida ◽

J. S. Fisler ◽

M. Fukushima ◽

G. A. Bray ◽

R. A. Schemmel

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Brown Adipose Tissue ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Brown Fat ◽

Light Cycle ◽

High Fat ◽

Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽

Norepinephrine Turnover ◽

Brown Adipose ◽

Dietary Obesity

The effects of dietary fat content, lighting cycle, and feeding time on norepinephrine turnover in interscapular brown adipose tissue, heart, and pancreas, and on blood 3-hydroxybutyrate, serum glucose, insulin, and corticosterone have been studied in two strains of rats that differ in their susceptibility to dietary obesity. S 5B/Pl rats, which are resistant to dietary obesity, have a more rapid turnover of norepinephrine in interscapular brown adipose tissue and heart and a greater increase in the concentration of norepinephrine in brown fat when eating a high-fat diet than do Osborne-Mendel rats, which are sensitive to fat-induced obesity. Light cycle and feeding schedule are important modulators of sympathetic activity in heart and pancreas but not in brown fat. Rats of the resistant strain also have higher blood 3-hydroxybutyrate concentrations and lower insulin and corticosterone levels than do rats of the susceptible strain. A high-fat diet increases 3-hydroxybutyrate concentrations and reduces insulin levels in both strains. These studies show, in rats eating a high-fat diet, that differences in norepinephrine turnover, particularly in brown adipose tissue, may play an important role in whether dietary obesity develops and in the manifestations of resistance to this phenomenon observed in the S 5B/Pl rat.

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