scholarly journals Effects of Processed Rhubarb on Liver Cell Damage in Vitro and in Vivo

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeomoon Sim ◽  
Dal‐Seok Oh ◽  
Hyein Oh ◽  
Hyo Geun Kim ◽  
Tong Ho Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cell ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Liver Cell Damage

Liver cell damage caused by monoclonal antibody against an organ-specific membrane antigen in vivo and in vitro

1987 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Poralla ◽  
G. Ramadori ◽  
H.P. Dienes ◽  
M. Manns ◽  
G. Gerken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Liver Cell ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Liver Cell Damage ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Specific Membrane

scholarly journals Pharmacological Preconditioning by Adenosine A2a Receptor Stimulation: Features of the Protected Liver Cell Phenotype

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Alchera ◽  
Chiara Imarisio ◽  
Giorgia Mandili ◽  
Simone Merlin ◽  
Bangalore R. Chandrashekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cell ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Adenosine A2a Receptor ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
A2a Receptor ◽  
Adenosine A2a

Ischemic preconditioning (IP) of the liver by a brief interruption of the blood flow protects the damage induced by a subsequent ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) preventing parenchymal and nonparenchymal liver cell damage. The discovery of IP has shown the existence of intrinsic systems of cytoprotection whose activation can stave off the progression of irreversible tissue damage. Deciphering the molecular mediators that underlie the cytoprotective effects of preconditioning can pave the way to important therapeutic possibilities. Pharmacological activation of critical mediators of IP would be expected to emulate or even to intensify its salubrious effects.In vitroandin vivostudies have demonstrated the role of the adenosine A2a receptor (A2aR) as a trigger of liver IP. This review will provide insight into the phenotypic changes that underline the resistance to death of liver cells preconditioned by pharmacological activation of A2aR and their implications to develop innovative strategies against liver IR damage.

Protective Effect of Boswellic Resin Against Memory Loss and Alzheimer’s Induced by Aluminum Tetrachloride and D-Galactose (Experimental study in Mice)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Zerrouki ◽  
N. Djebli ◽  
L. Gadouche ◽  
I. Erdogan Orhan ◽  
F. SezerSenol Deniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Extract ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Octyl Acetate

Nowadays, because of the industrialization, a lot of contaminant were available ; the consequences of this availability are apparition of diseases including neurodegeneration. Neurodegenerative diseases of the human brain comprise a variety of disorders that affect an increasing percentage of the population. This study is based on the effect of the Boswellic resin, which is from a medicinal plant and known for its antioxidant effects on nerve cell damage. The objective of this work was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo effects of the Boswellic resin on anticholinesterase activity and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) induced by D-galactose and aluminum tetrachloride in Swiss mice. Chemical composition of the resin essential oil was identified by the CG-MS analysis. The antioxidant activity was also assessed by the DMPD and metal chelation methods. In order to understand the mechanism of memory improvement, the acetylcholinesterase, AChE, and butyrylcholinesterase, BChE, inhibitory assays were performed. In vivo part of the study was achieved on Swiss mice divided into four groups: control, AD model, treated AD, and treated control group. The identification of chemical composition by CG-MS reach the 89.67% of the total extract compounds presented some very important molecules (p-Cymene, n-Octyl acetate, α-Pinene…). The present study proves that Boswellic resin improves memory and learning in treated Alzheimer’s group, modulates the oxidative stress and be involved in the protective effect against amyloid deposition and neurodegeneration, and stimulates the immune system in mice’s brain.

scholarly journals Conifers Phytochemicals: A Valuable Forest with Therapeutic Potential

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 3005
Author(s):  
Kanchan Bhardwaj ◽  
Ana Sanches Silva ◽  
Maria Atanassova ◽  
Rohit Sharma ◽  
Eugenie Nepovimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Cancer Growth ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Conifers have long been recognized for their therapeutic potential in different disorders. Alkaloids, terpenes and polyphenols are the most abundant naturally occurring phytochemicals in these plants. Here, we provide an overview of the phytochemistry and related commercial products obtained from conifers. The pharmacological actions of different phytochemicals present in conifers against bacterial and fungal infections, cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases are also reviewed. Data obtained from experimental and clinical studies performed to date clearly underline that such compounds exert promising antioxidant effects, being able to inhibit cell damage, cancer growth, inflammation and the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, an attempt has been made with the intent to highlight the importance of conifer-derived extracts for pharmacological purposes, with the support of relevant in vitro and in vivo experimental data. In short, this review comprehends the information published to date related to conifers’ phytochemicals and illustrates their potential role as drugs.

scholarly journals Norepinephrine Protects against Methamphetamine Toxicity through β2-Adrenergic Receptors Promoting LC3 Compartmentalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 7232
Author(s):  
Gloria Lazzeri ◽  
Carla L. Busceti ◽  
Francesca Biagioni ◽  
Cinzia Fabrizi ◽  
Gabriele Morucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Light Chain ◽  
Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Autophagy Flux ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Indirect Consequence

Norepinephrine (NE) neurons and extracellular NE exert some protective effects against a variety of insults, including methamphetamine (Meth)-induced cell damage. The intimate mechanism of protection remains difficult to be analyzed in vivo. In fact, this may occur directly on target neurons or as the indirect consequence of NE-induced alterations in the activity of trans-synaptic loops. Therefore, to elude neuronal networks, which may contribute to these effects in vivo, the present study investigates whether NE still protects when directly applied to Meth-treated PC12 cells. Meth was selected based on its detrimental effects along various specific brain areas. The study shows that NE directly protects in vitro against Meth-induced cell damage. The present study indicates that such an effect fully depends on the activation of plasma membrane β2-adrenergic receptors (ARs). Evidence indicates that β2-ARs activation restores autophagy, which is impaired by Meth administration. This occurs via restoration of the autophagy flux and, as assessed by ultrastructural morphometry, by preventing the dissipation of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) from autophagy vacuoles to the cytosol, which is produced instead during Meth toxicity. These findings may have an impact in a variety of degenerative conditions characterized by NE deficiency along with autophagy impairment.

scholarly journals Ocular Toxoplasmosis: Mechanisms of Retinal Infection and Experimental Models

Parasitologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
Veronica Rodriguez Fernandez ◽  
Giovanni Casini ◽  
Fabrizio Bruschi
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Ocular Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Cell Infection

Ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) is caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii and affects many individuals throughout the world. Infection may occur through congenital or acquired routes. The parasites enter the blood circulation and reach both the retina and the retinal pigment epithelium, where they may cause cell damage and cell death. Different routes of access are used by T. gondii to reach the retina through the retinal endothelium: by transmission inside leukocytes, as free parasites through a paracellular route, or after endothelial cell infection. A main feature of OT is the induction of an important inflammatory state, and the course of infection has been shown to be influenced by the host immunogenetics. On the other hand, there is evidence that the T. gondii phenotype also has an impact on the distribution of the pathology in different areas. Although considerable knowledge has been acquired on OT, a deeper knowledge of its mechanisms is necessary to provide new, more targeted treatment strategies. In particular, in addition to in vitro and in vivo experimental models, organotypic, ex vivo retinal explants may be useful in this direction.

Protective effect of triterpenes against diabetes-induced β-cell damage: An overview of in vitro and in vivo studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 179-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sihle E. Mabhida ◽  
Phiwayinkosi V. Dludla ◽  
Rabia Johnson ◽  
Musawenkosi Ndlovu ◽  
Johan Louw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Β Cell

scholarly journals Dangguijakyak-San Protects against 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6,-tetrahydropyridine-Induced Neuronal Damage via Anti-Inflammatory Action

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deok-Sang Hwang ◽  
Hyo Geun Kim ◽  
Jun-Bock Jang ◽  
Myung Sook Oh
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Dopaminergic Cell ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Action

Dangguijakyak-san (DJS), a famous traditional Korean multiherbal medicine, has been used to treat gynecological and neuro-associated disease. Recent studies demonstrated that DJS has multiple bioactivities including neuroprotection. In the present study, we were to investigate the effect of DJS and its mechanism in anin vitroandin vivomodel of Parkinson’s disease (PD). In primary mesencephalic culture system, DJS attenuated the dopaminergic cell damage induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine toxicity, and it inhibited production of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and activation of microglial cells. Then, we confirmed the effect of DJS in a mouse PD model induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). In the pole test, DJS at 50 mg/kg/day for 5 days showed increase of motor activity showing shortened time to turn and locomotor activity compared with the MPTP only treated mice. In addition, DJS significantly protected nigrostriatal dopaminergic neuron from MPTP stress. Moreover, DJS showed inhibition of gliosis in the substantia nigra pars compacta. These results have therapeutic implications for DJS in the treatment of PD via anti-inflammatory effects.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective and Antifibrotic Effects of Indonesian Propolis

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
Diding Heri Prasetyo ◽  
Sarsono Sarsono ◽  
Ida Nurwati ◽  
Prihandjojo Andri Putranto ◽  
Martini Martini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Liver Cell ◽  
Hepatic Cirrhosis ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Liver Cell Damage

Liver cirrhosis is the irreversible stage in liver damage process which occurs after liver fibrosis due to necro-inflammatory activities and liver fibrosis. Therefore, inhibition of liver inflammation and fibrosis is very important to prevent liver cirrhosis. This study aimed to analyze the effect of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) from mount Lawu, Indonesia to prevent liver damage and fibrosis progression in mice with hepatic cirrhosis. This study was performed during the period of June 2018 to May 2019 on a sample of 32 male Balb/C mice divided into control group (P1), induction of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 ) group (P2), induction of 50 mg/BW CCl4 + EEP group (P3), and (induction of 100 mg/KgBW CCl4 + EEP (P4) with each group consisted of eight mice. The CCl4 in olive oil was administered intraperitoneally three times a week for six weeks. Mean differences between group was determined using ANOVA test with a significance level of 0.05. The induction of CCl4 increased liver cell damage and serum alanin aminotransferase (ALT) level. However, the addition of EEP significantly (p<0.001) reduced liver cell damage as seen in P3 (54.38±4.17 per 100 liver cells) and P4 (37.13±4.36 per 100 liver cells) groups and serum alanin aminotransferase (ALT) as seen in P3 (291.19±113.92 U/L) and P4 (229.38±73.45 U/L) groups. The APRI scores were also reduced after EEP as seen in P3 (0.738±0.292) and P4 (0.513±0.253) groups. Thus, EEP isolates from Gunung Lawu can reduce liver cell damage and fibrosis in mice model of hepatic cirrhosis.

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