Role of Lipid in Sulfite-dependent Propofol Dimerization

2004 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 1235-1241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max T. Baker ◽  
Marc S. Gregerson ◽  
Mohamed Naguib
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Unsaturated Lipid ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Peroxide Content ◽  
Peroxide Values

Background During long-term intravenous infusions, sulfite in sulfite-containing propofol emulsions can cause the peroxidation of lipid and dimerization of propofol. This study evaluated the role of lipid in sulfite-dependent propofol dimerization by determining the effects of individual fatty acids in soybean oil emulsion and peroxidized lipids in a model system. Methods Individual fatty acids, stearic (18:0), oleic (18:1), linoleic (18:2), linolenic (18:3), and arachidonic (20:4), were added to sulfite-containing propofol emulsion and incubated for 90 min at 37 degrees C. Model systems containing soybean oil (100 microl), water (900 microl), propofol (10 mg/ml), and sulfite (0.25 mg/ml) composed of oils with different peroxide values were allowed to react for 60 min at room temperature. After the reactions, propofol dimer and propofol dimer quinone were analyzed by reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. Results Propofol did not dimerize when added to aqueous sulfite unless soybean oil was also included. The addition of the polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic) to sulfite-containing propofol emulsion resulted in large increases of propofol dimerization compared with stearic or oleic acid. Using biphasic mixtures of soybean oil and aqueous sulfite, propofol dimerization increased with increasing peroxide content of the oil. In propofol emulsion, lipoxidase and ferrous iron in the absence of sulfite also caused the dimerization of propofol. Conclusions These results show that lipid can play a significant role in sulfite-dependent propofol dimerization. The relation of dimerization to polyunsaturated fatty acid and soybean oil peroxide content suggests that sulfite reacts with unsaturated lipid or peroxide-modified lipid to facilitate propofol dimerization.

scholarly journals Glutathione Protects Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis against Freeze-Thawing, Freeze-Drying, and Cold Treatment

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
pp. 2989-2996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Zhang ◽  
Guo-Cheng Du ◽  
Yanping Zhang ◽  
Xian-Yan Liao ◽  
Miao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Intracellular Accumulation ◽  
Lactobacillus Sanfranciscensis

ABSTRACT Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis DSM20451 cells containing glutathione (GSH) displayed significantly higher resistance against cold stress induced by freeze-drying, freeze-thawing, and 4°C cold treatment than those without GSH. Cells containing GSH were capable of maintaining their membrane structure intact when exposed to freeze-thawing. In addition, cells containing GSH showed a higher proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in cell membranes upon long-term cold treatment. Subsequent studies revealed that the protective role of GSH against cryodamage of the cell membrane is partly due to preventing peroxidation of membrane fatty acids and protecting Na+,K+-ATPase. Intracellular accumulation of GSH enhanced the survival and the biotechnological performance of L. sanfranciscensis, suggesting that the robustness of starters for sourdough fermentation can be improved by selecting GSH-accumulating strains. Moreover, the results of this study may represent a further example of mechanisms for stress responses in lactic acid bacteria.

scholarly journals The long-term consequences of antibiotic therapy: Role of colonic short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) system and intestinal barrier integrity

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. e0220642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliia Holota ◽  
Taisa Dovbynchuk ◽  
Izumi Kaji ◽  
Igor Vareniuk ◽  
Natalia Dzyubenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Barrier Integrity ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Integrity ◽  
Long Term Consequences

scholarly journals Dietary fatty acids and lipoproteins on progression of age-related macular degeneration

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Montserrat-de la Paz ◽  
M. C. Naranjo ◽  
B. Bermúdez ◽  
S. López ◽  
R. Abia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Long Chain

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a medical condition of central loss vision and blindness. Numerous studies have revealed that changes on certain dietary fatty acids (FAs) could have useful for AMD management. This review summarizes the effects of dietary omega-3 long-chain PUFAs, MUFAs, and SFAs, and lipoproteins on AMD. Findings are consistent with the beneficial role of dietary omega-3 long-chain PUFAs, while the effects of dietary MUFAs and SFAs appeared to be ambiguous with respect to the possible protection from MUFAs and to the possible adverse impact from SFAs on AMD. Some of the pathological mechanisms associated with lipoproteins on AMD share those observed previously in cardiovascular diseases. It was also noticed that the effects of FAs in the diet and lipoprotein on AMD could be modulated by genetic variants. From a population health perspective, the findings of this review are in favour of omega-3 long-chain FAs recommendations in a preventive and therapeutic regimen to attain lower AMD occurrence and progression rates. Additional long-term and short-term nutrigenomic studies are required to clearly establish the role and the relevance of interaction of dietary FAs, lipoproteins, and genes in the genesis and progression of AMD.

Modification of mononuclear cell function after incubation with albumin-bound unsaturated fatty acids or soybean oil emulsion

Apmis ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 105 (7-12) ◽  
pp. 671-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
KJETIL BØRSUM ◽  
JON AKSNES ◽  
FREDRIK MÜLLER ◽  
TOR-ARNE HAGVE ◽  
PETER KIERULF ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Mononuclear Cell ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Oil Emulsion

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF FEEDING PALM OIL AND SOYBEAN OIL ON BODY WEIGHT AND BLOOD CHOLESTEROL IN BLACK BENGAL GOATS

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
MK Islam ◽  
MMR Chowdhury ◽  
MM Islam ◽  
MN Hoque ◽  
MM Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Mixed Feed

A study was conducted to investigate the role of dietary fatty acids (such as palm oil and soybean oil) on body weight and the level of serum cholesterol in goat in the Department of Physiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University. Three equal groups of goats were structured as control (n = 5), palm oil (n = 5) and soybean oil (n = 5) group and fed with normal feed, palm oil (@ 25g)and soybean oil (@ 25g) mixed feed twice a week for 2 months respectively. It was observed that the serum cholesterol of palm oil and soybean oil treated groups decreased significantly (p<0.05) with the advancement of experimental period. The growth performance was not significantly affected by these fatty acids. At the end of the experiment, the animals were killed and tissues from stomach and intestine were examined grossly and histologically in all groups. There were no lesions in the tissues of the animals fed on either palm oil or soybean oil.

scholarly journals N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Decrease Long-Term Diabetic Risk of Offspring of Gestational Diabetes Rats by Postponing Shortening of Hepatic Telomeres and Modulating Liver Metabolism

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinlong Gao ◽  
Hailong Xiao ◽  
Jiaomei Li ◽  
Xiaofei Guo ◽  
Wenwen Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Insulin Tolerance

The long-term influence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on offspring and the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) on GDM offspring are poorly understood. We studied the long-term diabetic risk in GDM offspring and evaluated the effect of n-3 PUFA intervention. Healthy offspring rats were fed standard diet (soybean oil) after weaning. GDM offspring were divided into three groups: GDM offspring (soybean oil), n-3 PUFA adequate offspring (fish oil), and n-3 PUFA deficient offspring (safflower oil), fed up to 11 months old. The diabetic risk of GDM offspring gradually increased from no change at weaning to obvious impaired glucose and insulin tolerance at 11 months old. N-3 PUFA decreased oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver of older GDM offspring. There was a differential effect of n-3 PUFA and n-6 PUFA on hepatic telomere length in GDM offspring. Non-targeted metabolomics showed that n-3 PUFA played a modulating role in the liver, in which numerous metabolites and metabolic pathways were altered when GDM offspring grew to old age. Many metabolites were related to diabetes risk, such as α-linolenic acid, palmitic acid, ceramide, oxaloacetic acid, tocotrienol, tetrahydro-11-deoxycortisol, andniacinamide. In summary, GDM offspring exhibited obvious diabetes risk at old age, whereas n-3 PUFA decreased this risk.

Role of ultrasound and l-lysine/l-argnine in improving the physical stability of myosin-soybean oil emulsion

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 106367
Author(s):  
Yajun Huang ◽  
Daojing Zhang ◽  
Yinyin Zhang ◽  
Hongmei Fang ◽  
Cunliu Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Oil Emulsion

scholarly journals The folding space of protein β2-microglobulin is modulated by a single disulfide bond

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jules Morand ◽  
Ana Nunes ◽  
Patricia FN Faisca
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate State ◽  
Disulfide Bridge ◽  
Intramolecular Interactions ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Discrete Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Beta 2 Microglobulin ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Folding Space

Protein beta-2-microglobulin (β2m) is classically considered the causative agent of dialysis related amyloidosis (DRA), a conformational disorder that affects patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis. Together with the wild type form, the ΔN6 structural variant, and the D76N mutant, have been extensively used as model systems of β2m aggregation. In all of them, the native structure is stabilized by a disulfide bridge between the sulphur atoms of the cysteine residues 25 (at B strand) and 80 (at F strand), which has been considered fundamental in β2m fibrillogenesis. Here, we use extensive Discrete Molecular Dynamics simulations of a full atomistic structure-based model to explore the role of this disulfide bridge as a modulator of the folding space of β2m. In particular, by considering different models for the disulfide bridge, we explore the thermodynamics of the folding transition, and the formation of intermediate states that may have the potential to trigger the aggregation cascade. Our results show that the dissulfide bridge affects folding transition and folding thermodynamics of the considered model systems, although to different extents. In particular, when the interaction between the sulphur atoms is stabilized relative to the other intramolecular interactions, or even locked (i.e. permanently established), the WT form populates an intermediate state featuring a well preserved core, and two unstructured termini, which was previously detected only for the D76N mutant. The formation of this intermediate state may have important implications in our understanding of β2m fibrillogenesis.

scholarly journals Tailoring Acrylated Soybean Oil-Containing Terpolymers through Emulsion Polymerization

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliete Neves ◽  
Leonardo Valadares ◽  
Fabricio Machado
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Molar Mass ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Mass Distributions ◽  
Fatty Oil ◽  
Emulsion Polymerizations ◽  
Modified Fatty Acids

This work focuses on the synthesis of terpolymers using methyl methacrylate (MMA) and vinyl pivalate (VPi), along with the incorporation of methacrylate acid (MA) and acrylated fatty acids (AFA) derived from commercial soybean oil. Emulsion polymerizations were carried out using different monomeric species, along with different initiator concentrations ranging from 0.5 g∙L−1 to 2.2 g∙L−1. The thermal properties of the terpolymers were improved when acrylated fatty acid was incorporated into the polymer chains, expressing glass transition temperatures (Tg) ranging from 70 °C to 90 °C and degradation temperatures in the interval between 350 °C and 450 °C for acrylated fatty acid concentrations ranging from 5 wt% to 10 wt%. Furthermore, a change was noted in the molar mass distributions as a result of acrylated fatty oil present in the polymers. The materials with 5 and 10 wt% of acrylated fatty oil presented mass-average molar masses of 225 kg∙mol−1 and 181 kg∙mol−1, respectively. As the results in this work suggest, the molar masses of the formed polymers are significantly altered by the presence of modified fatty acids.

scholarly journals Omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of acute lung injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caijie Huang ◽  
Jianming Zheng ◽  
Wenzhao Huang ◽  
Meihao Yan ◽  
Liyue Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Mean Differences

Abstract Background Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have compared the treatment of acute lung injury (ALI) with or without omega-3 fatty acids, yet the results remained inconsistent. Therefore, we attempted this meta-analysis to analyze the role of T Omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of ALI patients.Methods We searched PubMed et al databases from inception date to Oct 31, 2019 for RCTs that compared the treatment of ALI with or without omega-3 fatty acids. Two authors independently screened the studies and extracted data from the published articles. Summary mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for each outcome by means of fixed- or random-effects model.Results Six RCTs with a total of 277 patients were identified, with 142 with omega-3 fatty acids treatment and 135 without omega-3 fatty acids treatment. Omega-3 fatty acids treatments significantly improve the PaO2 (MD =13.82, 95%CI 8.55– 19.09), PaO2/FiO2 (MD =33.47, 95% CI 24.22– 42.72), total protein (MD =2.02, 95% CI 0.43– 3.62) in ALI patients; furthermore, Omega-3 fatty acids treatments reduced the duration of mechanical ventilation (MD =-1.72, 95% CI -2.84– -0.60) and intensive care unit stay (MD =-1.29, 95% CI -2.14– -0.43) in ALI patients.Conclusions Omega-3 fatty acids can effectively improve the respiratory function and promote the recovery of ALI patients. More studies focused on the long-term efficacy and safety of omega-3 fatty acids use for ALI are needed.

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