Perceptions of Anal Cancer Risk Among HIV-Positive and High-Risk HIV-Negative Women

Abstract Objective: To understand the relationship between drug use, food insecurity (FI), and mental health among men who have sex with men (MSM). Design: Cohort study (2014-2019) with at least one follow-up. Setting: Visits at 6-month intervals included self-assessment for FI and depressive symptoms. Urine testing results confirmed drug use. Factors associated with FI were assessed using multiple logistic regression with random effects for repeated measures. General structural equation modeling tested whether FI mediates the relationship between drug use and depressive symptoms. Participants: Data were from HIV-positive and high-risk HIV negative MSM in Los Angeles, CA (n=431; 1,192 visits). Results: At baseline, FI was reported by 50.8% of participants, depressive symptoms in 36.7%, and 52.7% of urine screening tests were positive for drugs (i.e., marijuana, opioids, methamphetamine, cocaine, ecstasy). A positive drug test was associated with a 96% increase in the odds of being food insecure (95% CI: 1.26-3.07). Compared to those with high food security, individuals with very low food security have a nearly 7-fold increase in the odds of reporting depressive symptoms (95% CI: 3.71-11.92). Findings showed 14.9% of the association between drug use (exposure) and depressive symptoms (outcome) can be explained by FI (mediator). Conclusion: The prevalence of FI among this cohort of HIV-positive and high-risk HIV-negative MSM was high; the association between drug use and depressive symptoms was partially mediated by FI. Findings suggest that enhancing access to food and nutrition may improve mood in the context of drug use, especially among MSM at risk for HIV-transmission.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of Anal High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infections Among HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Men Who Have Sex With Men in Nigeria

Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽

10.1097/olq.0000000000000431 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 243-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Rebecca G. Nowak ◽

Patti E. Gravitt ◽

Xin He ◽

Sosthenes Ketende ◽

Wuese Dauda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

High Risk ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Papillomavirus Infections ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Hiv Negative

Download Full-text

Cost-effectiveness of screening high-risk HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) and HIV-positive women for anal cancer.

Health Technology Assessment ◽

10.3310/hta14530 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 14 (53) ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

C Czoski-Murray ◽

J Karnon ◽

R Jones ◽

K Smith ◽

G Kinghorn

Keyword(s):

Cost Effectiveness ◽

High Risk ◽

Anal Cancer ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Hiv Positive Women ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Hiv Positive Men

Download Full-text

Persistent Low-Risk and High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infections of the Uterine Cervix in HIV-Negative and HIV-Positive Women

Frontiers in Public Health ◽

10.3389/fpubh.2017.00178 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Sally N. Adebamowo ◽

Oluwatoyosi Olawande ◽

Ayotunde Famooto ◽

Eileen O. Dareng ◽

Richard Offiong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

High Risk ◽

Uterine Cervix ◽

Low Risk ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Papillomavirus Infections ◽

Hiv Positive Women ◽

Hiv Negative

Download Full-text

Prevalence, incidence, and distribution of human papillomavirus types in female sex workers in Kenya

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1177/0956462419884454 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 109-118

Author(s):

Kristen Sweet ◽

Claire Bosire ◽

Busola Sanusi ◽

Carly J Sherrod ◽

Jessie Kwatampora ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

High Risk ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Female Sex Workers ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Female Sex ◽

Hpv Prevalence ◽

Hiv Negative

Female sex workers (FSWs) have a notably high risk of acquiring human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Relatively few studies address the type-specific prevalence and incidence of HPV among FSWs in sub-Saharan Africa. FSWs (n = 348) attending the Korogocho clinic in Nairobi, Kenya participated from August 2009 to March 2011. HPV DNA was detected using the SPF10-LiPA25 PCR assay. Baseline prevalence of HPV infection and cervical dysplasia were calculated, stratified by HIV-serostatus. Incidence rate (IR) of infection was calculated as number of new infections from baseline over person-months among 160 HPV-negative participants with complete 12-month follow-up. Baseline HPV prevalence was 23.6% for any HPV and 20.4% for high-risk HPV (hrHPV) types. Most prevalent types were HPV52 (10.1%), HPV35 (2.3%), and HPV51 (2.3%). A quarter (24%) of participants were HIV-positive. HPV prevalence was higher in HIV-positive (32.1%) than HIV-negative (20.8%) participants. hrHPV prevalence was higher in HIV-positive (27.4%) than HIV-negative (18.2%) women. During follow-up, HPV IR was 31.4 (95% CI: 23.8–41.5) for any HPV and 24.2 (95% CI: 17.9–32.8) for hrHPV types. HPV52 had the highest IR (6.0; 95% CI: 6.5–10.3). Overall HPV and hrHPV prevalence were lower than expected, but both prevalence and incidence were higher in HIV-positive than in HIV-negative women.

Download Full-text

Cytology in Anal Cancer Screening: Practical Review for Clinicians

Acta Cytologica ◽

10.1159/000502881 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 64 (4) ◽

pp. 281-287 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Andreia Albuquerque

Keyword(s):

Cancer Screening ◽

High Risk ◽

Anal Cancer ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Solid Organ ◽

Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Anal Cytology ◽

Anal Cancer Screening

The incidence and mortality of anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are expected to continue to increase in the next 20 years. High-risk groups for anal SCC, i.e., human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients, men who have sex with men (MSM), women with previous genital neoplasia, and solid-organ transplant recipients, have been identified. HIV-positive MSM have the highest risk, and some societies have advocated for anal cancer screening to be done in this population. Screening for anal SCC follows the same principles as that for cervical cancer since there are similarities between the two types of cancers. Anal cytology has been recommended as an initial screening method for high-risk groups, e.g., HIV-positive MSM. Normally, the cytology is liquid based and collected blindly by a clinician using a Dacron swab and it is especially used for internal lesions detection. The sensitivity to predict anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions is higher in immunosuppressed patients with a high burden of the disease. The report should include the classification, normally according to the Bethesda terminology and the sample adequacy, in a manner similar to that for cervical cytology. In cases involving unsatisfactory samples, it is important to repeat the procedure given the prevalence of anal squamous cytological abnormalities in follow-up cytology procedures. The absence of transformation zone cells in anal cytology seems to increase the risk of false-negative results.

Download Full-text

Risk, Persistence and Multiplicity of HPV Infections among HIV Negative and HIV Positive Nigerian Women

Journal of Global Oncology ◽

10.1200/jgo.2016.003830 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 38s-39s

Author(s):

Sally N. Adebamowo ◽

Toyosi Olawande ◽

Ayotunde Famooto ◽

Eileen O. Dareng ◽

Olayinka Olaniyan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

High Risk ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

P Value ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Hiv Women ◽

Dna Enzyme Immunoassay ◽

High Risk Hpv ◽

Hiv Negative

Abstract 64 Background: The incidence, prevalence, persistence, and multiplicity of high-risk HPV infection is different between HIV positive and HIV negative women. We examined the association between HIV, prevalent HPV, and persistent HPV infections among women in a prospective cohort in Nigeria. Methods: We enrolled women presenting at cervical cancer screening programs in Abuja, Nigeria, between 2012 and 2014 and collected information on their demographic characteristics, risk factors of HPV infection, and cervical exfoliated cells samples at baseline, 6 month and 12 month follow-up visits. DNA enzyme immunoassay (DEIA) and Roche Linear Array HPV Genotyping Test were used to characterize HPV. Persistent HPV infection was defined as a positive result on 2 consecutive DEIA tests. We used logistic regression models to estimate the association between HIV and risk of HPV infection. Results: Among the 1,020 women enrolled, the mean age (±SD) was 37(8), and 44% and 56% were HIV+ and HIV-, respectively. HPV52 and 35 were the most common HPV types in the study population. The prevalence was 34% for any HPV, 24% for persistent HPV and 9% for multiple HPV infections; these were higher among HIV+ women (p-value <0.001). The multivariate odds ratio (OR) and 95 % CI comparing HIV+ to HIV- women was 6.29 (95% CI 3.64 – 10.87, p-value <0.001) for any high-risk HPV; 6.22 (95% CI 3.02 – 12.83, p-value <0.001) for persistent high-risk HPV; and 6.46 (95% CI 2.69 – 15.52, p-value <0.001) for multiple high-risk HPV infections, Conclusions: HIV infection is associated with increased risk of persistence and multiplicity of low-risk and high-risk HPV infections. These findings may explain, in part, the increased risk of cervical cancer among women with HIV infections. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: Sally N. Adebamowo No relationship to disclose Toyosi Olawande No relationship to disclose Ayotunde Famooto No relationship to disclose Eileen O. Dareng No relationship to disclose Olayinka Olaniyan No relationship to disclose Richard Offiong No relationship to disclose Clement A. Adebamowo Speakers' Bureau: Merck [Table: see text]

Download Full-text