Synergy between low body mass index and hyperglycemia at baseline increases tuberculosis incidence among people living with HIV

AIDS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Nang Thu Thu Kyaw ◽  
Ajay M.V. Kumar ◽  
Anthony D. Harries ◽  
Srinath Satyanarayana ◽  
Nay Lynn Oo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Tuberculosis Incidence ◽  
Low Body Mass Index ◽  
Living With Hiv

Obesity in the HIV-infected population in Northeast England: a particular issue in Black-African women

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Ilozue ◽  
B Howe ◽  
S Shaw ◽  
K Haigh ◽  
J Hussey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Local Population ◽  
African Women ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Black African ◽  
Regional Population ◽  
Living With Hiv

People living with HIV are surviving longer on successful antiretroviral therapy and obesity rates are increasing. We sought to determine the prevalence of being overweight or obese in a regional population of people living with HIV and to explore the demographic and clinical characteristics associated with obesity or being overweight. Data on patients attending three Northeast England clinics were collected including body mass index and demographics. The prevalence of being overweight (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2) or obese (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2) was determined and compared with regional population data. Associations between being overweight or obese and demographic and other data were further explored using logistic regression models. In 560 patients studied (median age 45 years, 26% Black-African and 69% male), 65% were overweight/obese and 26% obese, which is similar to the local population. However, 83% and 48% of Black-African women were overweight/obese or obese, respectively, with 11% being morbidly obese (body mass index > 40 kg/m2). In the multivariate analyses, the only factors significantly associated with obesity were Black-African race (adjusted odds ratio 2.78, 95% confidence interval 1.60–4.85) and type 2 diabetes (adjusted odds ratio 4.23, 95% confidence interval 1.81–9.91). Levels of obesity and overweight in people living with HIV are now comparable to the levels in the local population of Northeast England; however, the prevalence is significantly higher in Black-African women. Given the additional risk factors for cardiovascular disease inherent in people living with HIV, better strategies to prevent, identify and manage obesity in this population are needed.

Influence of nutritional status and gastrointestinal symptoms on sleep quality in people living with HIV

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 885-890
Author(s):  
Luciana Fidalgo Ramos Nogueira ◽  
Thais Carvalho da Fonseca ◽  
Patrick Herman Paterlini ◽  
Adriana de Sousa Duarte ◽  
Pollyanna Pellegrino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Sleep problems are frequent among people living with HIV (PLWH). Recent studies have found that inadequate nutritional status and presence of gastrointestinal symptoms are associated with sleep problems. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of nutritional status and gastrointestinal symptoms on sleep quality in PLWH receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). A cross-sectional study evaluating the influence of nutritional and gastrointestinal aspects on the quality of sleep in 307 PLWH (age ≥18 years) receiving ART seen at the Specialized Care Service of Santos (SP, Brazil) was carried out. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), body mass index and three questions from the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) were used. Generalized linear models adjusted for gender, age, time in use of antiretrovirals, viral load, CD4+ T-lymphocyte cell count and CD4/CD8 ratio were built. Results showed that body mass index did not affect sleep quality. However, the interaction between poor appetite and not having poor digestion and uncomfortable feelings in the stomach negatively influenced sleep quality. The interaction of the three symptoms evaluated also affected sleep quality. Gastrointestinal symptoms were associated with reduced sleep quality, but there was no influence of BMI. Although the etiology of this relationship is unclear, there seems to be an important association between sleep quality, immune function and gastrointestinal disorders.

scholarly journals The effects of nutritional supplementation on body mass index and CD4 count among adult people living with HIV AIDS on antiretroviral treatment in Conakry, Guinea

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidikiba Sidibé ◽  
Alexandre Delamou ◽  
Mohamed Lamine Kaba ◽  
Aboubacar Sidiki Magassouba ◽  
Amara Tabaouo Samake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Nutritional Supplementation ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Average Current ◽  
Nutrition Assistance ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Living With Hiv

Whereas the HIV prevalence in Guinea is among the lowest in Africa, many PLHIV in Guinea are malnourished. This study assessed the effect of a nutritional supplementation program on body mass index and CD4 count among adult PLHIV on ART. Study participants were PLHIV who came for consultation in the study sites between May and July 2016. The data came from two sources: retrospectively from participants’ medical records and interviews at the time of recruitment into the study. About six months before they were recruited into the study, some of the PLHIV started to receive a monthly nutritional supplementation consisting of Corn-Soy Blend and oil. Analytic methods included bivariate and multivariable methods. The intervention increased the mean BMI by 7.4% and the average current CD4 count by 4.7% compared to nonintervention (P<0.001). Programs in low resource settings should consider nutrition assistance as part of a comprehensive strategy to ensure optimal metabolic and immunological functions among PLHIV.

scholarly journals Changes in Body Mass Index Among Antiretroviral Therapy Naïve People Living with HIV in Southeastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
John O. Olawepo ◽  
Jennifer R. Pharr ◽  
Chad L. Cross ◽  
Babayemi O. Olakunde ◽  
Chinedu Aniekwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Baseline Bmi

The proportion of people living with HIV (PLHIV) who are overweight or obese is rising, leading to a double epidemic of HIV and obesity. The purpose of this retrospective longitudinal study was to examine changes in body mass index (BMI) among PLHIV who were new to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in two states in Southeastern Nigeria. The BMI at baseline and 12 months were compared and the difference in proportions in each BMI category was tested. The association between the BMI at 12 months and the demographic and/or clinical variables was examined using multiway analysis of covariance. The study included 2,146 participants. After 12 months on ART, the number of participants who were obese increased by 135% (81 to 190), while those who were underweight decreased by 130% (306 to 133). Overall, the BMI increased in 30.2% of the participants. Further analysis showed that age (p=.009; &eta;2=.005), baseline BMI (p&lt;.001; &eta;2=.435), baseline regimen (p&lt;.001; &eta;2=.031), HIV stage (p=.039; &eta;2=.007) and CD4 category (p&lt;.001; &eta;2=.012) were all associated with increased BMI after 12 months of ART. Healthcare providers should be mindful of the likelihood of excess weight gain among PLHIV who are on ART and develop a plan to proactively address it.

scholarly journals Dietary Micronutrients and Gender, Body Mass Index and Viral Suppression Among HIV-Infected Patients in Kampala, Uganda

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-349
Author(s):  
Nathan Isabirye ◽  
Amara E. Ezeamama ◽  
Rachel Kyeyune-Bakyayita ◽  
Danstan Bagenda ◽  
Wafaie W. Fawzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Multivitamin Supplementation ◽  
Recommended Dietary Allowances ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: HIV/AIDS is a hallmark of immune suppression. Micronutrient deficiencies in diet and recurrent opportunistic infections play major roles in the lives of people living with HIV. Although benefits of providing adequate diet to HIV positive persons are well documented, the demand for key elements still remain unclear in particular settings, especially in low and middle-income countries. Methods: This was a cross sectional analysis of baseline data collected from HIV-infected adults initiating antiretroviral therapy, and who were enrolled in a multivitamin supplementation trial. A food frequency questionnaire was used and intake were obtained as a product of quantities consumed. Adequacy was calculated as the proportion of Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA). A chi square test and logistic regression analysis were used at p-value 0.05 to show significant associations. Results: Mean intakes were above minimum requirements for analyzed micronutrients with the exception of Calcium and Iron. Participants who met RDA intakes were as follows: highest (? 80%) for Magnesium, Selenium, Zinc and Vitamins B2, B6, B9, C and E; moderate (50% to <80%) for Vitamins B3, and A; and lowest (?50%) for Iron (30%), Calcium (14.9%), Vitamins B12 and B1. Gender differences in met RDA were observed for Iron, Selenium, Zinc, Vitamins A, B1, B3 and E. In multivariable analyses, nutritional status and CD4 count had no influence on meeting RDA for majority of micronutrients such as magnesium, Selenium, B class vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, B12), vitamin (A, C, and E), Zinc and Calcium, but not including iron. Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Diets consumed by the study participants were low in most protective nutrients (Iron, Calcium, Zinc, Vitamin A, B1, B3, and B12). This deficiency was more common among females than males, and irrespective of BMI or CD 4 count. Findings warrant further investigation on the impact and cost implications for suplementation interventions that target the elements lacking in the diets of people living with HIV in similar low-resourced settings. Key words: • Recommended Dietary Allowances • Micronutrients • Dietary intakes • Body Mass Index • CD4 cell count • HIV/AIDS • Uganda   Copyright © 2020 Isabirye et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.

scholarly journals Self-reported and measured weight, height and body mass index for the diagnosis of the nutritional status in people living with HIV/AIDS

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 555-566
Author(s):  
Rafaela Lira Formiga Cavalcanti de LIMA ◽  
Amira Rose Costa MEDEIROS ◽  
Leidyanny Barbosa de MEDEIROS ◽  
Amanda Amaiy Pessoa SALERNO ◽  
Ronei Marcos de MORAES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
The Self ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Measured Weight ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRACT Objective To validate self-reported weight and height data for people living with HIV/AIDS. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 481 people living with HIV/AIDS seen at a reference unit in João Pessoa, state of Paraíba, Brazil, between September and December 2015, 99 (20.5%) of whom had their weight and height measured. The intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated to determine the relationship between the self-reported and measured weight, height and body mass index values, and linear regression analysis was used to generate equations to predict weight and height. It were significant p-value under 5% for statistic tests applied. Results In the sample with measured values, 57.6% of men, with a mean age of 44 years old and a mean income per capita equivalent to US$145.50, high correlations (r>0.90) between the self-reported and measured values for weight, height and body mass index were observed. The accuracy was 92.6%, and the Kappa coefficient was greater than 0.85. Women tended to underestimate weight and overestimate height. The men overestimated weight and underestimated height. The intraclass correlation coefficients were greater than 0.95. Conclusion The use of self-reported measures of weight, height and body mass index for nutritional assessment of people living with HIV/AIDS is valid and must be considered for similar populations when time and resources are limiting factors.

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