scholarly journals Higher Body Mass Index Is Associated With Greater Proportions of Effector CD8+ T Cells Expressing CD57 in Women Living With HIV

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. e132-e141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. A. Reid ◽  
Sanjiv M. Baxi ◽  
Lila A. Sheira ◽  
Alan L. Landay ◽  
Edward A. Frongillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

scholarly journals Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Colorectal Cancer Affects CD8 T Cells: An Analysis Based on Body Mass Index

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadiah Abu ◽  
Norahayu Othman ◽  
Nur’ Syahada Ab Razak ◽  
Nurul Ainaa’ Adilah Rus Bakarurraini ◽  
Siti Nurmi Nasir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
The Body ◽  
Low Bmi

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most widely diagnosed cancers worldwide. It has been shown that the body-mass index (BMI) of the patients could influence the tumor microenvironment, treatment response, and overall survival rates. Nevertheless, the mechanism on how BMI affects the tumorigenesis process, particularly the tumor microenvironment is still elusive. Herein, we postulate that extracellular vesicles (EVs) from CRC patients and non-CRC volunteers with different BMI could affect immune cells differently, in CD8 T cells particularly. We isolated the EVs from the archived serum of CRC patients with high and low BMI, as well as healthy controls with similar BMI status. The EVs were further characterized via electron microscopy, western blot and dynamic light scattering. Then, functional analysis was performed on CD8 T cells including apoptosis, cell proliferation, gene expression profiling and cytokine release upon co-incubation with the different EVs. Our results suggest that CRC-derived EVs were able to regulate the CD8 T cells. In some assays, low BMI EVs were functionally different than high BMI EVs. This study highlights the possible difference in the regulatory mechanism of cancer patients-derived EVs, especially on CD8 T cells.

scholarly journals Changes in body mass index and hemoglobin concentration in breastfeeding women living with HIV with a CD4 count over 350: Results from 4 African countries (The ANRS 12174 trial)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. e0177259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Nagaonlé Somé ◽  
Ingunn M. S. Engebretsen ◽  
Nicolas Nagot ◽  
Nicolas Y. Meda ◽  
Roselyne Vallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

Obesity in the HIV-infected population in Northeast England: a particular issue in Black-African women

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Ilozue ◽  
B Howe ◽  
S Shaw ◽  
K Haigh ◽  
J Hussey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Local Population ◽  
African Women ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Black African ◽  
Regional Population ◽  
Living With Hiv

People living with HIV are surviving longer on successful antiretroviral therapy and obesity rates are increasing. We sought to determine the prevalence of being overweight or obese in a regional population of people living with HIV and to explore the demographic and clinical characteristics associated with obesity or being overweight. Data on patients attending three Northeast England clinics were collected including body mass index and demographics. The prevalence of being overweight (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2) or obese (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2) was determined and compared with regional population data. Associations between being overweight or obese and demographic and other data were further explored using logistic regression models. In 560 patients studied (median age 45 years, 26% Black-African and 69% male), 65% were overweight/obese and 26% obese, which is similar to the local population. However, 83% and 48% of Black-African women were overweight/obese or obese, respectively, with 11% being morbidly obese (body mass index > 40 kg/m2). In the multivariate analyses, the only factors significantly associated with obesity were Black-African race (adjusted odds ratio 2.78, 95% confidence interval 1.60–4.85) and type 2 diabetes (adjusted odds ratio 4.23, 95% confidence interval 1.81–9.91). Levels of obesity and overweight in people living with HIV are now comparable to the levels in the local population of Northeast England; however, the prevalence is significantly higher in Black-African women. Given the additional risk factors for cardiovascular disease inherent in people living with HIV, better strategies to prevent, identify and manage obesity in this population are needed.

Disease Progression in Children with Perinatal HIV Correlates with Increased PD-1+ CD8 T Cells that Coexpress Multiple Immune Checkpoints

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janki Tailor ◽  
Julia Foldi ◽  
Matthew Generoso ◽  
Bret McCarty ◽  
Aparna Alankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Pediatric Hiv ◽  
Immune Checkpoints ◽  
Hiv Disease ◽  
Art Initiation ◽  
Perinatal Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background PD-1 marks exhausted T cells, with weak effector functions. Adults living with HIV have increased levels of PD-1+ CD8 T cells that correlate with HIV disease progression, yet little is known about the role of PD-1+ CD8 T cells in children with perinatal HIV. Methods We enrolled 76 Kenyan children with perinatal HIV and 43 children who were HIV unexposed and quantified PD-1 levels on CD8 T cells, their coexpression with immune checkpoints (IC) 2B4, CD160 and TIM3, correlates with immune activation and HIV disease progression and HIV-specific and non-specific proliferative responses. Results PD-1+ CD8 T cell frequencies are elevated in children with perinatal HIV and associated with disease progression. The majority of PD-1+ CD8 T cells coexpress additional ICs. ART initiation lowers total PD-1 levels and coexpression of multiple ICs. The frequency of PD-1 + 2B4+CD160+TIM3- in PD-1+ CD8 T cells, predicts weaker HIV-specific proliferative responses, suggesting this subset is functionally exhausted. Conclusion Children with perinatal HIV have high PD-1+ CD8 T cells that are a heterogeneous population differentially coexpressing multiple ICs. Understanding the complex interplay of ICs is essential to guide the development of PD-1 directed immunotherapies for pediatric HIV remission and cure.

Body mass index affects adaptive immune cells in the human bone marrow

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Pangrazzi ◽  
Erin Naismith ◽  
Carina Miggitsch ◽  
Jose’ Antonio Carmona Arana ◽  
Michael Keller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Immune System ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Adaptive Immune Cells

Abstract Background. Obesity has been associated with chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Both conditions play a determinant role in the pathogenesis of age-related diseases, such as immunosenescence. Adipose tissue can modulate the function of the immune system with the secretion of molecules influencing the phenotype of immune cells. Recently, the importance of the bone marrow (BM) in the maintenance of antigen-experienced adaptive immune cells has been documented. Despite this, whether high body mass index (BMI) may affect immune cells in the BM and the production of molecules supporting the maintenance of these cells it is unknown. Methods. Using flow cytometry, the frequency and the phenotype of immune cell populations were measured in paired BM and PB samples obtained from persons with different BMI. Furthermore, the expression of BM cytokines was assessed. The influence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) on T cell subsets was additionally considered, dividing the donors into the CMV - and CMV + groups. Results. Our study suggests that increased BMI may affect both the maintenance and the phenotype of adaptive immune cells in the BM. While the BM levels of IL-15 and IL-6, supporting the survival of highly differentiated T cells, and oxygen radicals increased in overweight persons, the production of IFNγ and TNF by CD8 + T cells was reduced. In addition, the frequency of B cells and CD4 + T cells positively correlated with BMI in the BM of CMV - persons. Finally, the frequency of several T cell subsets, and the expression of senescence/exhaustion markers within these subpopulations, were affected by BMI. In particular, the levels of bona fide memory T cells may be reduced in overweight persons. Conclusion. Our work suggests that obesity may represent an independent risk factor supporting immunosenescence, in addition to aging and CMV. Metabolic interventions may help in improving the fitness of the immune system in the elderly.

Influence of nutritional status and gastrointestinal symptoms on sleep quality in people living with HIV

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 885-890
Author(s):  
Luciana Fidalgo Ramos Nogueira ◽  
Thais Carvalho da Fonseca ◽  
Patrick Herman Paterlini ◽  
Adriana de Sousa Duarte ◽  
Pollyanna Pellegrino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Sleep problems are frequent among people living with HIV (PLWH). Recent studies have found that inadequate nutritional status and presence of gastrointestinal symptoms are associated with sleep problems. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of nutritional status and gastrointestinal symptoms on sleep quality in PLWH receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). A cross-sectional study evaluating the influence of nutritional and gastrointestinal aspects on the quality of sleep in 307 PLWH (age ≥18 years) receiving ART seen at the Specialized Care Service of Santos (SP, Brazil) was carried out. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), body mass index and three questions from the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) were used. Generalized linear models adjusted for gender, age, time in use of antiretrovirals, viral load, CD4+ T-lymphocyte cell count and CD4/CD8 ratio were built. Results showed that body mass index did not affect sleep quality. However, the interaction between poor appetite and not having poor digestion and uncomfortable feelings in the stomach negatively influenced sleep quality. The interaction of the three symptoms evaluated also affected sleep quality. Gastrointestinal symptoms were associated with reduced sleep quality, but there was no influence of BMI. Although the etiology of this relationship is unclear, there seems to be an important association between sleep quality, immune function and gastrointestinal disorders.

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