scholarly journals Animal culture research should include avian nest construction

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 20210327
Author(s):  
Alexis J. Breen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Nest Construction ◽  
Main Study ◽  
Animal Material ◽  
Avian Nest ◽  
Animal Culture

Material culture—that is, group-shared and socially learned object-related behaviour(s)—is a widespread and diverse phenomenon in humans. For decades, researchers have sought to confirm the existence of material culture in non-human animals; however, the main study systems of interest—namely, tool making and/or using non-human primates and corvids—cannot provide such confirmatory evidence: because long-standing ethical and logistical constraints handicap the collection of necessary experimental data. Synthesizing evidence across decades and disciplines, here, I present a novel framework for (mechanistic, developmental, behavioural, and comparative) study on animal material culture: avian nest construction.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of methods to determine deflection in steel beams: theoretical analysis, finite element and experimental

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Gabriela Alor-Saavedra ◽  
Francisco Alejandro Alaffita-Hernández ◽  
Beatris Adriana Escobedo-Trujillo ◽  
Oscar Fernando Silva-Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Theoretical Part ◽  
Made In

This work makes a comparative study of two methods to determine deflection in steel beams: (a) Theoretical and (b) Finite element. For method (a) the solution of the differential equation associated with the modeling of the deflection of a beam is found, while for method (b) a simulation is made in Solidworks. Both methods are compared with experimental data in order to analyze which of the methods presents less uncertainty and show the usefulness of the theoretical part in the modeling of physical systems.

The Archaeology of Islamisation in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Comparative Study

Islamisation ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 244-274
Author(s):  
Timothy Insoll
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Settlement Patterns ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Funerary Practices ◽  
New Markets ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Ways Of Life

The archaeology of Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa is remarkably diverse in relation to its material components, its geographical and chronological frameworks, and the life ways that were influenced by Islam, from settled and nomadic populations, peasants and kings, to merchants, farmers, warriors and townspeople. Islamisation processes were equally varied involving, for example, trade, proselytisation, jihad and prestige. Economically, new markets might be reached. Politically, the adoption of Arabic, of new forms of administration and of literacy could have a significant impact. Socially, material culture and ways of life could alter as manifest via diet and funerary practices, house types and settlement patterns. It is not possible to adequately summarise this diversity here.1 Instead emphasis will be placed upon selectively considering the evidence in order to indicate what archaeology can tell us about Islamisation processes in Africa, and to demonstrate the value and utility of archaeology for examining this Islamisation

scholarly journals Study of sub-barrier fusion of 36S+50Ti,51V systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
Giulia Colucci ◽  
Giovanna Montagnoli ◽  
Alberto M. Stefanini ◽  
Kouichi Hagino ◽  
Antonio Caciolli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Excitation Function ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Weak Coupling ◽  
Coupling Scheme ◽  
Excitation Functions ◽  
Coupled Channels ◽  
Barrier Distribution ◽  
Good Agreement

A detailed comparative study of the sub-barrier fusion of the two near-by systems 36S+50Ti,51V was performed at the National Laboratories of Legnaro (INFN). Aim of the experiment was the investigation of possible effects of the non-zero spin of the ground state of the 51V nucleus on the sub-barrier excitation function, and in particular on the shape of the barrier distribution. The results sh w that the two measured excitation functions are very similar down to the level of 20 - 30 μb. The same is observed for the two barrier distributions. Coupled-channels calculations have been performed and are in good agreement with the experimental data. This result indicates that the low-lying levels in 51V can be interpreted in the weak-coupling scheme, that is, 51V(I) = 50Ti(2+)⊗ p(1 f7/2).

scholarly journals Exploring Translation and Interpreting Hybrids. The Case of Sight Translation

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 588-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Dragsted ◽  
Inge Gorm Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Deliberate Practice ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Output Rate ◽  
Quality Ratings ◽  
Output Quality ◽  
Practice Activity

Abstract This article reports on a comparative study of written translation and sight translation, drawing on experimental data combining keystroke logging, eye-tracking and quality ratings of spoken and written output produced by professional translators and interpreters. Major differences in output rate were observed when comparing oral and written modalities. Evaluation of the translation products showed that the lower output rate in the written condition was not justified by significantly higher quality in the written products. Observations from the combination of data sources point to fundamental behavioural differences between interpreters and translators. Overall, working in the oral modality seems to have a lot to offer in terms of saving time and effort without compromising the output quality, and there seems to be a case for increasing the role of oral translation in translator training, incorporating it as a deliberate practice activity.

Study of Bubbly Flow Through a Packed Bed

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daeseong Jo ◽  
Shripad T. Revankar
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Bubble Size ◽  
Bubbly Flow ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Bubble Coalescence ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Bubble Breakup ◽  
Flow Through

A two phase bubbly flow through a packed bed was studied for dominant bubble breakup and coalescence mechanisms through experiments and CFD modeling. Data on various two-phase parameters, such as local void fraction, bubble velocity, size, number, and shape were obtained from the high speed video images. Results indicated that when a flow regime changed from bubbly to either trickling or pulsing flow, the number of average size bubbles significantly decreased and the shape of majority of bubbles was no longer spherical. The bubble coalescence and breakup mechanisms depend on local conditions such as local velocity of the bubble and pore geometry. The CFD analysis using CFX software package was carried out to study bubble size distributions. In the analysis the models for interactions were examined for each case of bubble breakup flow and bubble coalescence. A comparative study was performed on the resulting bubble size distributions, breakup and coalescence rates estimated by individual models. For change of bubble size distributions along the axial direction medians was used as an comparative parameter and the CFD results on bubble medians were compared against the experimental data. This comparative study showed that the predictions estimated by CFD analyses with the bubble breakup and coalescence models currently available in the literature do not agree with the experimental data.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DIFFERENT MODELS FOR CALCULATION OF DNI

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
G. S. Lima ◽  
A. O. Souza ◽  
G. I. Medina T.
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Concentrating Solar Power ◽  
Direct Normal Irradiance

For prospecting or design of Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) systems it is necessary to know the distribution of the Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI) of the region. However, due to the recurring operational problems of measuring instruments, the use of mathematical models estimating the local DNI can be a very useful tool. The objective of this work is to construct a mathematical model that is used in the calculation of the DNI using experimental data provided by the Laboratory of Tropical Environmental Variables (LAVAT/INPE). This model was compared with other mathematical models already present in the literature. The consideration of clean-sky was used, that is, the effects of cloudiness, among others, were neglected.

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