scholarly journals Oscar Werner Tiegs, 1897-1956

1957 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 247-255
Keyword(s):  
Major Part ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Physiological Analysis ◽  
The One ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Intellectual Power ◽  
Insect Group ◽  
Muscular Action

Oscar Werner Tiegs died on 5 November 1956 at the age of 59. He was at the height of his intellectual power, and in him we have lost a great biologist of this generation. His scientific work is not easily summarized, for his interests extended from physiological analysis of nervous and muscular action to studies in classical invertebrate embryology comparable to the very best work of the last century. He repeatedly turned and returned from one field of work to another. But all his work bore the highly individual stamp of the man. It had clarity, insight and thoroughness, which made his memoirs, long though they are, eminently readable. And this quality was combined with a remarkable power of apt and beautiful illustration. It is scarcely ever safe to predict what part of a man’s work will be the most enduring. But in the case of Oscar Tiegs it will surely be the major part he has played in leading us to divide the great phylum of the Arthropoda into two distinct parts; the one comprising the insects, myriapods, and that curious relic Peripatus , the other comprising the Trilobites, the Crustacea and the arachnids. His work did not simply make one more phylogenetic division in our animal classification. His long detailed researches have established the strongest body of circumstantial evidence for the close relationship of the members of the Myriapod-Insect group, and have thereby greatly increased our understanding of these animals.

Concepts and Language of Human Rights in the EU

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-93
Author(s):  
Jan Wouters ◽  
Michal Ovádek
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
The Other ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Fundamental Freedoms ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Charter Of Fundamental Rights ◽  
The One ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Eu

This chapter evaluates the language and concepts surrounding human rights in the EU. It begins by investigating the dichotomous language of ‘human’ and ‘fundamental’ rights. Even a brief look at the EU Treaties makes immediately clear that both ‘human’ and ‘fundamental’ rights are mentioned in various parts of the text, most often as part of references to, on the one hand, the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights, on the other. What is less obvious from reading the Treaties is whether there is in fact a difference between the two terms or whether they are synonymous. The chapter then highlights the human rights narratives the EU tells about itself. It also looks at the close relationship of human rights with the associated concepts of the rule of law and democracy, both generally and in the EU context.

Albrecht Durer and the 16TH Century Melancholy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
Marcel Henrique Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Religious Culture ◽  
The Other ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The One ◽  
Deep Sense

Little has been discussed in academia about the close relationship between the Renaissance of the 16th century and melancholy humor, and esoteric elements arising mainly from Florentine Neoplatonism. The link between melancholy and esotericism becomes very clear when we analyze the gravure “Melencolia I” by Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528), composed of a significant number of symbols that refer to an esoteric religious culture that then emerged. Renaissance melancholy gained several nuances. On the one hand, it was considered a sin, a despicable mood characteristic of witches; on the other hand, a deep sense of inspiration typical of men of “genius”. This ambivalence also occurred in the firmament, as the melancholic people were guided by the dark planet Saturn, according to astrological belief. We also have the cultural scenario of the 16th century, especially in Dürer's Germany, which contributed to strengthening the melancholy issues.

Dreams of Truck Drivers: A Test of the Continuity Hypothesis of Dreaming

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Schredl ◽  
Arthur Funkhouser ◽  
Nicole Arn
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Continuity Hypothesis ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Daytime Activity ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The One ◽  
Dream Emotions ◽  
The Relationship

Empirical studies largely support the continuity hypothesis of dreaming. The present study investigated the frequency and emotional tone of dreams of truck drivers. On the one hand, the findings of the present study partly support the continuity regarding the time spent with driving/being in the truck and driving dreams and, on the other hand, a close relationship was found between daytime mood (feelings of stress, job satisfaction) and dream emotions, i.e., different dream characteristics were affected by different aspects of daytime activity. The results, thus, indicate that it is necessary to define very clearly how this continuity is to be conceptualized. The approach of formulating a mathematical model (cf. [1]) should be adopted in future studies in order to specify the factors and their magnitude in the relationship between waking and dreaming.

Political Matrix and Political Representation: Prolegomenon to a New Departure from an Old Problem

1969 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Prewitt ◽  
Heinz Eulau
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
Past Century ◽  
City Councils ◽  
Political Units ◽  
The One ◽  
Special District

Scholars interested in theorizing about political representation in terms relevant to democratic governance in mid-twentieth century America find themselves in a quandary. We are surrounded by functioning representative institutions, or at least by institutions formally described as representative. Individuals who presumably “represent” other citizens govern some 90 thousand different political units—they sit on school and special district boards, on township and city councils, on county directorates, on state and national assemblies, and so forth. But the flourishing activity of representation has not yet been matched by a sustained effort to explain what makes the representational process tick.Despite the proliferation of representative governments over the past century,theoryabout representation has not moved much beyond the eighteenth-century formulation of Edmund Burke. Certainly most empirical research has been cast in the Burkean vocabulary. But in order to think in novel ways about representative government in the twentieth-century, we may have to admit that present conceptions guiding empirical research are obsolete. This in turn means that the spell of Burke's vocabulary over scientific work on representation must be broken.To look afresh at representation, it is necessary to be sensitive to the unresolved tension between the two main currents of contemporary thinking about representational relationships. On the one hand, representation is treated as a relationship between any one individual, the represented, and another individual, the representative—aninter-individualrelationship. On the other hand, representatives are treated as a group, brought together in the assembly, to represent the interest of the community as a whole—aninter-grouprelationship. Most theoretical formulations since Burke are cast in one or the other of these terms.

scholarly journals The Perspective of Overcoming Nihilism in Heidegger’s Dialogue with Jünger

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tautvydas Vėželis
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dialectical Thinking ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
History Of ◽  
Metaphysical Tradition ◽  
The One ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
European Civilization

This article examines the problem of overcoming nihilism in Heidegger’s dialogue with Jünger. It is suggested that nihilism is manifested in various forms and is the deep logic of the whole history of European civilization. One of the main aims of this paper is to outline the relationship of nihilism and Nothing in Heidegger’s dispute with Jünger, viewing how Heidegger distinguishes his approach from Jünger’s point of view. Heidegger, on the one hand, treats nihilism as consummation of the Western metaphysical tradition, on the other hand, identifies Nothing itself as the shadow of Being, which cannot be overcome in the traditional dialectical thinking manner.

scholarly journals Kändisförfattarens varumärke i Finland

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (114) ◽  
pp. 143-158
Author(s):  
Tarja-Lisa Hypén
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Home Country ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
American Research ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
The One ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

THE BRAND OF THE CELEBRITY AUTHOR IN FINLAND | In the 21st century, the celebrity author has begun to interest researchers not only as a marketing phenomenon, but also as the literary institution’s own phenomenon. In my article, I explore the relationship of the celebrity author to the so-called acclaimed authors of modern times. In Anglo-American research, the celebrity author and the bestselling author are distinguished as separate author types, but in the case of Finnish Jari Tervo, these types combine. For almost 20 years, Jari Tervo has been amongboth the most sold and the most visible celebrity authors in his home country. I examine how the publicity and brand of the Finnish celebrity author are formed. I consider how the brand affects the author’s works on the one hand, and the reception of the works on the other. I point out the limiting effects of the brand, but I also examine how, in combining the high and the low, it affords mobility in the literary fields while it also offers an opportunity to influence society.

scholarly journals Document: An Axiological Aspect

2018 ◽  
pp. 761-769
Author(s):  
Olga A. Ginatulina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Document Management ◽  
The Other ◽  
Public Practice ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

The article analyzes the phenomenon of document as assessed in the study of value. To begin with, it poses a problem of contradictory axiological status of document in modern society. On the one hand, document is objectively important, as it completes certain practical tasks, and yet, on the other hand, documents and document management are receive a negative assessment in public consciousness. In order to understand this situation, the article analyzes the concept of ‘value’ and concludes that certain objects of the material world receive this status, if they are included in public practice and promote progress of society or human development. Although this abstract step towards a better understanding of values does not provide a comprehensive answer to the question of axiological nature of document, it however indicates a trend in development of thought towards analysis of the development of human nature. The document is an artifact that objectifies and reifies a certain side of human nature. Human nature is a heterogeneous phenomenon and exists on two levels. The first abstract level is represented by the human race and embodies the full range of universal features of humanity. The second level is the specific embodiment of generic universal human nature in specific historical type of individuals. Between these two levels there is a contradiction. On the one hand, man by nature tends toward universality, on the other hand, realization of his nature is limited by the frameworks of historical era and contributes to the development of only one side of the race. Accordingly, document has value only within a certain historical stage and conflicts with the trend of universal development of human nature, and thus receives a negative evaluation. However, emergence of a new type of work (general scientific work) will help to overcome this alienation between generic and limited individual human being, and therefore will make a great impact on the nature of document, making it more ‘human,’ thus increasing its value in the eyes of society.

A Liminal Artifact of an Uncommon Nature

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subrata Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Turing Machine ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Physical Reality ◽  
Physical World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Symbol Manipulation ◽  
Physical Machine ◽  
Essential Nature ◽  
Alan Turing ◽  
The One

The story so far has been a narrative about the development of two very contrasting types of computational artifacts. On the one hand, Alan Turing conceived the idea of a purely abstract and formal artifact—the Turing machine—having no physical reality whatsoever, an artifact that belongs to the same realm of symbols and symbol manipulation, as do mathematical objects. On the other hand, the major part of this narrative has been concerned with a material artifact, the computer as a physical machine that, ultimately, must obey the laws of physics—in particular, the laws governing electromagnetism and mechanics. This was as true for Babbage’s machines (which were purely mechanical) as for Hollerith’s tabulator, as true for the electromechanical machines, as for the Harvard Mark I and the Bell Telephone computers, as true for the ABC and the ENIAC, as for the EDSAC and the Manchester Mark I. Beginning with the EDVAC report, and especially manifest in the development of the first operational stored-program computers, was the dawning awareness of a totally new kind of artifact, the likes of which had never been encountered before. Philosophers speak of the ontology of something to mean the essential nature of that thing, what it means to be that thing. The ontology of this new kind of artifact belonged neither to the familiar realm of the physical world nor the equally familiar realm of the abstract world. Rather, it had characteristics that looked toward both the physical and the abstract. Like Janus, the Roman god of gates, it looked in two opposite directions: a two-faced artifact—which, as we will see, served as the interface between the physical and the abstract, between the human and the automaton; a liminal artifact, hovering ontologically between and betwixt the material and the abstract (see Prologue, Section IV ). So uncommon was this breed that even a name for it was slow to be coined. During the Cambridge conference in England in 1949, we find a session devoted to programming and coding.

scholarly journals Defeasibility, Law, and Argumentation: A Critical View from an Interpretative Standpoint

Argumentation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Poggi
Keyword(s):  
Explanatory Power ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Argumentation ◽  
Legal Interpretation ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Critical View ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractThe phenomenon of defeasibility has long been a central theme in legal literature. This essay aims to shed new light on that phenomenon by clarifying some fundamental conceptual issues. First, the most widespread definition of legal defeasibility is examined and criticized. The essay shows that such a definition is poorly constructed, inaccurate and generates many problems. Indeed, the definition hides the close relationship between legal defeasibility and legal interpretation. Second, this essay argues that no new definition is needed. I will show that from an interpretative standpoint, there is nothing special about legal defeasibility. Contrary to what some authors maintain, no unique or privileged source of legal defeasibility exists, nor are there privileged arguments to justify it. Specifically, legal defeasibility refers to interpretative outcomes deriving from interpretative arguments that, on the one hand, are very different from one another, and, on the other, are often employed to justify different interpretative outcomes. In the legal field, the problems related to defeasibility have little in common with the problems that this label covers in other areas—such as logic or epistemology—and they are nothing but the well-known problems related to legal interpretation. In conclusion, this paper argues that as far as legal argumentation is concerned, the notion of legal defeasibility lacks explanatory power, and it should be abandoned.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP OF YELLOW FEVER OF THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE TO THAT OF AFRICA AND TO LEPTOSPIRAL JAUNDICE

1930 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Sawyer ◽  
S. F. Kitchen ◽  
Martin Frobisher ◽  
Wray Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pronounced Difference ◽  
Rockefeller Institute ◽  
The One ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

1. The yellow fever now in South America, the present yellow fever of Africa and the historic yellow fever of Panama and other American countries are the same disease. This conclusion is based on cross immunity tests in monkeys with strains of yellow fever virus from Africa and Brazil and on tests of sera from 25 persons, who had recovered from yellow fever in various places and at various times, for the power to protect monkeys against African or Brazilian virus strains. 2. Cases of leptospiral jaundice (Weil's disease) were present among those diagnosed as yellow fever in the recent epidemic in Rio de Janeiro. This is shown by the isolation of cultures of leptospirae from the blood of two patients by H. R. Muller and E. B. Tilden of The Rockefeller Institute, and by the demonstration by us of protective power against leptospirae and absence of protective power against yellow fever virus in the sera from two persons after recovery. The isolation of leptospirae by Noguchi and other investigators from the blood of occasional patients in past epidemics of yellow fever in a number of American countries indicates that leptospiral jaundice was present then as well and was diagnosed clinically as yellow fever. 3. The absence of protective power against leptospirae shown by the Brazilian sera which protected against yellow fever virus and the absence of protective power against yellow fever virus in the sera that protected against leptospirae point to the probability that American yellow fever is not the combined effect of leptospirae and yellow fever virus. The position of L. icteroides, isolated by Noguchi during yellow fever epidemics, now appears to be not that of a secondary invading microorganism in cases of virus yellow fever, but that of the incitant of a form of infectious jaundice, sometimes fatal, often coincident in its appearance with typical yellow fever and apparently indistinguishable from it clinically. This leptospiral disease has not hitherto been separated from true yellow fever. Noguchi's discoveries become; therefore, of the greatest significance in respect to the epidemiology and causation of yellow fever and of infectious jaundice, previously confused one with the other. In all outbreaks of supposed yellow fever hereafter the existence of the two kinds of jaundice, one due to yellow fever virus and the other to leptospirae will have to be taken into account. Only the former probably is spread by mosquitoes and requires anti-mosquito measures for its control. 4. The only difference observed by us between the American and African strains of yellow fever virus was a pronounced difference in virulence for monkeys. The virulence of the two African strains studied was very high while that of the one American strain was highly variable and usually low.

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