scholarly journals Assessing Lévy walks as models of animal foraging

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (62) ◽  
pp. 1233-1247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex James ◽  
Michael J. Plank ◽  
Andrew M. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Optimal Foraging Theory ◽  
The Body ◽  
Optimal Search ◽  
Current State ◽  
Lévy Walks ◽  
Wide Range

The hypothesis that the optimal search strategy is a Lévy walk (LW) or Lévy flight, originally suggested in 1995, has generated an explosion of interest and controversy. Long-standing empirical evidence supporting the LW hypothesis has been overturned, while new models and data are constantly being published. Statistical methods have been criticized and new methods put forward. In parallel with the empirical studies, theoretical search models have been developed. Some theories have been disproved while others remain. Here, we gather together the current state of the art on the role of LWs in optimal foraging theory. We examine the body of theory underpinning the subject. Then we present new results showing that deviations from the idealized one-dimensional search model greatly reduce or remove the advantage of LWs. The search strategy of an LW with exponent μ = 2 is therefore not as robust as is widely thought. We also review the available techniques, and their potential pitfalls, for analysing field data. It is becoming increasingly recognized that there is a wide range of mechanisms that can lead to the apparent observation of power-law patterns. The consequence of this is that the detection of such patterns in field data implies neither that the foragers in question are performing an LW, nor that they have evolved to do so. We conclude that LWs are neither a universal optimal search strategy, nor are they as widespread in nature as was once thought.

scholarly journals Pacification and Indigenous Struggles in Canada

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tia Dafnos
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Indigenous Resistance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Information Requests

Front-line police operations are deeply entwined with less visible activities – or practices not commonly identified as policing – that are carried out by a wide range of participants as strategies of settler-colonial pacification operating through the organizing logics of security and liberal legalism. Using open source texts and records obtained through access to information requests, this article unmaps some of the contemporary strategies employed by Canadian institutions to pacify Indigenous resistance. As a contribution to the body of work seeking to develop the politics of anti-security, the analysis disrupts the binary categories that animate security logic by examining the public order policing approach of the Ontario Provincial Police, the framing of Indigenous resistance as a security threat, and the integral role of Indian Affairs in securing the settler-state.

Enterprise Metadata for Reliable Web Applications

2011 ◽  
pp. 34-82
Author(s):  
R.Todd Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Asset Management ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Comprehensive Strategy ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Web

This chapter examines the critical task of governing the Web application environment with enterprise metadata methodologies. As organizations move to higher levels of maturity, the ability to manage and understand the entire environment is one of the most critical aspects of the architecture. Metadata can be defined as information pertaining to the Web application environment that the organization defines as critical to the business. Successful metadata management requires a comprehensive strategy and framework which will be presented through historical, current-state, and future perspectives The author expects that by understanding the role of metadata within the Web application environment, researchers will continue to expand the body of knowledge around asset management and overall architecture governance.

scholarly journals Informational Complementarity

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 3699-3716
Author(s):  
T. Tony Ke ◽  
Song Lin
Keyword(s):  
Search Strategy ◽  
Equilibrium Price ◽  
Lower Price ◽  
Search Problem ◽  
Product Attributes ◽  
Optimal Search ◽  
Complementarity Effect ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Search For Information

Many products have similar or common attributes and are thus correlated. We show that, when these attributes are uncertain for consumers, a complementarity effect can arise among competing products in the sense that the lower price of one product may increase the demands for the others. This effect occurs when consumers sequentially search for information about both common and idiosyncratic product attributes before purchase. We characterize the optimal search strategy for the correlated search problem, provide the conditions for the existence of the complementarity effect, and show that the effect is robust under a wide range of alternative assumptions. We further explore the implications of the effect for pricing. When firms compete in price, although product correlation may weaken differentiation between the firms, the complementarity effect owing to correlated search may raise equilibrium price and profit. This paper was accepted by Matthew Shum, marketing.

The Bodily Self

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Bermúdez
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Self ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Behavioral Sciences ◽  
Significant Contributor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Physical Objects ◽  
Selection Of

How can we be aware of ourselves both as physical objects and as thinking, experiencing subjects? What role does the experience of the body play in generating our sense of self? What is the role of action and agency in the construction of the bodily self? These questions have been a rich subject of interdisciplinary debate among philosophers, neuroscientists, experimental psychologists, and cognitive scientists for several decades. José Luis Bermúdez been a significant contributor to these debates since the 1990’s, when he authored The Paradox of Self-Consciousness (MIT Press, 1998) and co-edited The Body and the Self (MIT Press, 1995) with Anthony Marcel and Naomi Eilan. The Bodily Self is a selection of essays all focused on different aspects of the role of the body in self-consciousness, prefaced by a substantial introduction outlining common themes across the essays. The essays have been published in a wide range of journals and edited volumes. Putting them together brings out a wide-ranging, thematically consistent perspective on a set of topics and problems that remain firmly of interest across the cognitive and behavioral sciences.

scholarly journals The Current State of ERP Systems in Banking Sector

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Metaxiotis ◽  
Konstantinos Liagkouras
Keyword(s):  
Information Sharing ◽  
Enterprise Resource Planning ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Erp Systems ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Efficient Information ◽  
Potential Risks

Abstract—Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems integrate the organizations business functions allowing efficient information sharing across all business divisions. Through the information sharing is achieved not only better coordination but also faster and more efficient adjustment to the potential risks and business opportunities alike. This paper examines the particularities of ERP systems implementation and operation for the banking sector by considering a wide range of sources such as journal and conference papers, empirical studies and reports. Finally, through the thorough examination of the available literature, we draw conclusions about the effect by the implementation of ERP systems in the banking sector.

scholarly journals PRECONDITIONS OF ADMINISTRATIVE RESPONSIBILITY: DOCTRINAL ISSUES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 102-111
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Gerasymenko
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Rule Making ◽  
Administrative Responsibility

A thorough analysis of liability for administrative offence is not possible without clear understanding of its preconditions. The problem of preconditions for administrative responsibility is directly related to administrative delictization of offenses, effectiveness of the fight against delict, prominent state policy in the field of law enforcement and law order. In this aspect, the role of the preconditions for administrative responsibility is a lot more important because they formulate proper foundations for achieving its general objectives. Thus, they determine the effectiveness of administrative responsibility at sectoral and general social levels. The importance of the definition is due to the urgent needs of rule-making and law enforcement practice, the effectiveness of which directly depends on how reasonable and appropriate each administrative delict norm is. Unfortunately, despite all its scientific and practical significance, the issue of preconditions for administrative liability has not been resolved yet. Therefore, there is a need to form unified, consistent scientific approach to understanding the grounds for administrative liability. To this end, the article provides a critical analysis of the basic doctrinal concepts of the preconditions of administrative responsibility. A wide range of social, economic, technical and other factors that determine the effectiveness of administrative responsibility, its current state, its dynamics and prospects for its development have been studied. Discovered the role of these factors in creating a favorable socio-economic and information-technical environment for the implementation of the main tasks of administrative responsibility, in particular: offences prevention, reliable protection of public relations and education of citizens in the spirit of law. The author concluded the scientific and practical expediency of the systematic study of the preconditions for establishing administrative responsibility (preconditions for administrative delictization) and the preconditions for the effectiveness of administrative responsibility.

Governance and the Open Source Repository

2011 ◽  
pp. 480-493
Author(s):  
R. Todd Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Comprehensive Strategy ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Current State ◽  
Critical Task ◽  
Critical Aspects

This chapter examines the critical task of governing the open source environment with an open source repository. As organizations move to higher levels of maturity, the ability to manage and understand the open source environment is one of the most critical aspects of the architecture. Metadata can be defined as information pertaining to the open source environment that the organization defines as critical to the business. Successful open source governance requires a comprehensive strategy and framework which will be presented through historical, current-state, and future perspectives. The author expects that by understanding the role of open source metadata and the repository within, researchers will continue to expand the body of knowledge around asset management and overall architecture governance.

Mimi Nichter, Fat talk: What girls and their parents say about dieting. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2000. Pp. xi, 263. Hb $22.95.

2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 811-815
Author(s):  
Mary Bucholtz
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Talk ◽  
Teenage Girls ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Medical Anthropologist ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Equal Interest

The relationship between language and the body has become an increasingly prominent area of research within linguistics and related disciplines. Some investigators of this question have examined how facts about the human body are encoded in linguistic structure, while others have explored the use of the body as a communicative resource in interaction. Surprisingly little, however, has been written about the role of language in constructing the body as a social object. In Fat talk, Mimi Nichter, a medical anthropologist, addresses this issue by examining the discourse of dieting among American teenage girls. Although language itself is not the center of the analysis, Nichter draws on a wide range of sociolinguistic research to investigate how the body is constructed through talk – a question that will be of equal interest to scholars of language, culture, and society.

Policy analysis in civil society organisations

2018 ◽  
pp. 199-212
Author(s):  
Güneş Ertan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Civil Society Organisations ◽  
Current State ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Decision Making Processes

This chapter is mainly concerned with providing a concise synopsis of the state of civil society in Turkey and an overview of the decision-making processes at civil society organizations (CSOs) by combining data from various empirical studies. The chapter begins with a discussion of the roots of weak civil society in Turkey followed by an illustration of the current state of civil society as a space. The chapter will then examine policy analysis practices in CSOs with a focus on prevalent decision making structures and the role of external funds in addition to agenda setting and evaluation processes. The chapter concludes by arguing that CSOs in Turkey are still yet to become effective implementers of policy analysis tools.

Why clothes matter: the role of dress in the everyday lives of older people

2018 ◽  
pp. 181-196
Author(s):  
Julia Twigg
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Social World ◽  
The Body ◽  
Material Constitution ◽  
Frail Elders ◽  
Consumption Culture ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Everyday

Dress is part of the material constitution of age, providing as it does the vestimentary envelope that presents the body to the social world. Drawing on a series of empirical studies, this chapter explores the role of dress in the embodied lives of older people. It argues that a focus on dress is relevant not just to the younger old and to arguments concerning the new role of consumption culture among this group, but also for the day to day embodied lives of frail elders, in this case those with dementia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document