‘Our common room in Geneva’ and the early exploration of the Alps of Savoy

1998 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Rowlinson
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
The South ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Early Exploration ◽  
Natural Philosophers ◽  
The City ◽  
Made In ◽  
Snow And Ice

The polite world took little interest in the Alps before the 18th century. The local inhabitants had ventured far enough to shoot chamois and to search for crystal (i.e. quartz), but few of the educated took any notice. The earliest natural philosophers to study the botany and mineralogy of these regions were from the German–speaking towns of Switzerland. Their first conclusions have not always stood the test of time; one of them, J.J. Scheuchzer (F.R.S., 1703) even reported the presence of dragons. Such frivolities did not appeal to the Calvinists of the city republic of Geneva. They could see the ‘montagnes maudites’ of Savoy to the south–east, but they never went to them. The first serious attempts to describe this world of snow and ice were made in 1741 and 1742.

scholarly journals Preface

1994 ◽  
Vol 347 (1684) ◽  
pp. 449-449 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stock Prices ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Financial Industry ◽  
Interacting Systems ◽  
Mathematical Sciences ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
The City ◽  
Made In

There is money to be made in the financial industry. Academics, under pressure to exhibit relevance, are happy to point to their consultancies in the City as evidence of their value in the market, and the industry has shown a notable ability to recruit the brightest and best from our Universities. These observations should not obscure the profound scientific challenges posed by the area of finance. The area has both stimulated and benefited from advances in a range of mathematical sciences, most obviously probability, differential equations, optimization, statistics and numerical analysis. One thinks, for example, of Bernoulli’s resolution, in the 18th century, of the St Petersburg Problem through his introduction of a logarithmic utility, of Bachelier’s description, at the turn of this century, of the stochastic process we now call brownian motion, of Kendall’s investigation, forty years ago, of the statistical unpredictability of stock prices, and of the current enormously fertile interaction between economics and mathematics centred around martingale representations. Looking to the future, some of the mathematical ideas originally motivated by statistical mechanics, and since used to model the large-scale telecommunication networks upon which the financial industry relies, may also provide insight into the very difficult problems that arise in economics concerning interacting systems of rational agents.

The Oppidum of Manching

Antiquity ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 34 (135) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Krämer
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Area North ◽  
Cultural Connections ◽  
The City ◽  
Bear Witness

Only a few decades after the conquest of Gaul by Caesar the power of the free Celtic tribes in central Europe collapsed as a consequence of their finding themselves placed, during the course of the 1st century B.C., in an insecure position between the Romans and the Germans pressing down from the North. The victorious Alpine campaign of Drusus and Tiberius in 15 B.C. sealed the fate of, among others, the Vindelicians who occupied the south German area north of the Alps as far as the Danube. Here, still today, mighty hillforts bear witness to the power of those nameless Celtic chieftains who caused them to be erected. Contemporary literary sources tell all too little about the history of this area and about the cultural connections of its inhabitants before the Roman occupation. Therefore modern research relied upon Caesar’s description of the Gallic tribes in drawing parallels between the large late La Tène hillforts in central Europe and the city-like tribal centres of the Gauls in France, which Caesar called ‘oppida’ or even ‘urbes’.

scholarly journals Puisi Selatan

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
Ian Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
English Language ◽  
The South ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Common ◽  
Light And Shadow ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Made In

Puisi selatan is a small selection of Sydney poet Ian Campbell’s Indonesian language poems taken from the author’s larger collection titled Selatan-Sur-South of Indonesian language poems - which appeared in PORTAL in 2008 - but now supplemented, for the first time, with English language versions which have been rendered by the poet himself from the ‘starting point’ of these original four Indonesian language poems.   In all there are here now eight poems – four in Indonesian and four in English – with the common thread, for the poet, of being written ‘in the south’. For the poet also, they now interact, across languages, as a set of poems which consider the ways in which the actions of ‘memorialising’ are often intertwined with specific responses to the natural environment.   The poems ‘Semenanjung Bilgola’ and ‘Bilgola headland’ are poems reflecting upon the efforts the poet’s parents made in the late 1960s-early 1970s to restore the natural environment on a headland of one of Sydney’s northern beaches which had been donated to the National Trust. The Indonesian language original poem was read by the poet himself and by Indonesian poets in cities in West Java in 2004 and also at the first Ubud Writers Festival in 2004 by Indonesian female poet, Toeti Heraty,   The poems ‘Berziarah di Punta de Lobos, Chile’ and ‘Pilgrimage to Punta de Lobos’ are also memorialising poems and reflect upon the idea of ’pilgimage’ to a natural location near Pichilemu on the Chilean coast which is popular with surfers. In contrast, the poems ‘Simfoni angin’ and ‘Symphony of the winds’ describe the sights and sounds of a rural area near Purranque in the south of Chile, but here too the poet reflects upon the ways in which present evokes past.   The final poems ‘Buenos Aires’ - rendered as the title in both languages - explore the ways in which the Argentinian café becomes a place in which memories of the city are revealed anew through the processes of inversion of light and shadow, of internal and external shapes and sounds, as if through a camera lens.   Puisi selatan can be rendered in English as ‘poetry of the south’ as all poems derive their impetus from settings in Australia or in Latin America, specifically either Chile or Argentina. They were originally written in Indonesian as part of the poet’s interest in using Bahasa Indonesia as a language of creative writing.  

Excavations at Lincoln. Third Interim Report: Sites outside the Walled City 1972–1977

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Jones ◽  
Margaret J. Darling ◽  
Brian Gilmour ◽  
R. H. Jones ◽  
K. F. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Second Century ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Late Iron Age ◽  
Ancient City ◽  
The City ◽  
Made In

SummaryExcavations outside the walled area (of the ancient city) have added much to our knowledge of Lincoln's historical development and have demonstrated the potential of the suburbs for further problem-orientated investigations. Evidence was recovered in 1972 for a late Iron Age settlement on the east bank of the Brayford to the south of the later Roman city. The Ermine Street frontage here was heavily built up from the mid-second century for a distance of at least 400 m. from the south gate of the extended colonia. Only slight traces of Roman occupation, however, have been recovered outside the east and west walls of the lower town. Investigation of the medieval suburb of Butwerk revealed a sequence of domestic structures from its origin c. A.D. 1000 through to the post-medieval period, while the development of the ecclesiastical site of St. Mark's church in Wigford reflected to a large extent the changing fortunes of this important southern suburb. Limited work on the north and east banks of Brayford Pool exposed remains of early medieval waterfronts, but the exploitation of the city's waterside is as yet little understood. Further progress has been made in understanding the structures connected with the water supply to the Roman city, and an interesting Roman tile kiln 10 km. south-east of the city is also described.

scholarly journals The 18th century Lublin in the eyes of a military engineer. Fortifications and security measures for the negotiations on the map of Lublin created by C. d’Örken and modern evidence confirming their existence

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
Kamil Nieścioruk
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Base Content ◽  
Military Engineer ◽  
Old Maps ◽  
City Space ◽  
The City ◽  
Attention To Detail ◽  
Made In

Abstract Just as contemporary cartographic works, old maps were usually made for specific purposes, e.g. related to taxation, propaganda or military objectives. C. d’Örken’s map of Lublin of 1716 is an example of a cartographic work created for military purposes, as it was made in the context of negotiations of the Tarnogród Confederation. The author of the map focused on the thematic content – he marked control zones, as well as military outposts, and accommodation sites. In many instances, the base content is presented with little attention to detail. There are a few exceptions to this rule, with fortifications being the most noticeable one. It was most likely motivated by the author’s profession, as he was a military engineer. Still, although Lublin has never been a particularly well-fortified city, the aforementioned content of the map perfectly reflects not only the former shape of the city space, but also its contemporary organisation. This article, due to its detailed description of selected works and the methodology involving the use of old cartographic materials, can be used as an important source material for archaeological, restoration and regeneration works.

scholarly journals Kolegium pijarów w Chełmie. Historia – architektura – autorstwo

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Ryszard Mączyński
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Horizontal Projection ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Scientific Reflection ◽  
The City ◽  
Roof Part ◽  
The Church ◽  
Made In

The building of the old College of Piarist in Chełm – located on Lubelska Street, near the late baroque Church of Holy Apostles the Messengers – is now the seat of the Wiktor Ambroziewicz Chełm Land Museum. Until now, it has not raised much interest among researchers and – appearing as a work of architecture devoid of expressive style features – has not been the subject of scientific reflection. This situation is changed by the disclosure of the preserved drawing from 1698, showing the building in a horizontal projection and axonometric view, stored in the Archivio Generale delle Scuole Pie in Rome. The information contained in written documents kept there allow to determine the time of construction of the building for the years 1698-1700. The project proves that the preserved edifice did not change substantially its one-story block, set on the plan of the letter H. The innovations concerned only the roof part over the main body, which was originally the Krakow roof, and the extension of one of the side wings in 1720-1724 (so that the college was connected to the church). Neither did the subsequent transformations significantly affect the internal divisions, be it in the two-and-a-half tract main corpus, with the cross-corridor communication system introduced therein, or in the single tract side wings. The shape of the building and the severity of the development of its facade, representing the baroque in its classicizing version, suggests the designer – Giuseppe Piola, an architect working in Warsaw at the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries, building, at the request of the Piarist order, also their church and monastery complex in Szczuczyn. However, the extension of the college wing made in the first half of the 18th century should probably be associated with the person of another capital architect – Carlo Antonio Bay, who at the same time, together with his son-in-law, Vincenzo Rachetti, also an architect, made calculations for the Piarist priests from Chełm for the profitability of their parcel located in the suburbs of the city of Lublin. The building in Chełm was a monastic college, and at certain times also a “profesorium”, in which Piarist clerics learned philosophy at a higher level of education. Contrary to some suggestions, there was never a public school run by the Piarists in this building. It was founded – as a Russian gymnasium – only after the January Uprising and the dissolution of the Scholarum Piarum community.

scholarly journals Columbus the Seaman?

1957 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-418
Author(s):  
E. G. R. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Recent Book ◽  
The South ◽  
The Family ◽  
The City ◽  
Made In

Commander waters's review of Professor Morison's recent book on Columbus (Journal 10, 216) should be read in the light of the following facts, published in 1932 by the City of Genoa. They were supported by facsimiles of the documents from which they derive. The Great Discoverer was born in 1451, the son of a wool-weaver of Genoa. The family moved for a time to Savona, and were living there in 1472 when Christopher, in signing a deed, described himself as ‘a wool-worker of Genoa’. He went to Lisbon not before 1476, and while there visited Madeira to buy sugar for two Genoese merchants. He made a brief business visit to Genoa in 1479, when he said he must soon return to Lisbon. In all this there is no hint of a person who has knocked about the sea from the age often. There is no evidence that on the voyage to Guinea Columbus travelled as a sailor, while as regards the voyage to Iceland, he said it was made in February 1477, that the south of the island lay in lat. 73°N., not 63°N., and that he sailed 100 leagues (400 miles) beyond it and found that the sea was not frozen. The authenticity of this voyage may be left to the judgment of the reader.

El viaje botánico de Pierre Edmond Boissier por el sur de España (1837). The botanical trip of Pierre Edmond Boissier by the South of Spain

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 5-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio González Bueno
Keyword(s):  
The South ◽  
200Th Anniversary ◽  
Made In

Español.  Coincidiendo con el 200 aniversario del nacimiento de Pierre-Edmond Boissier (1810-1885), presentamos un análisis de su primer viaje por el Sur de España, realizado en 1837: estudiamos los motivos que le impulsaron a llevarlo a cabo, la información que tuvo disponible, el viaje en sí y la publicación de sus resultados en la más señera de sus obras, el Voyage botanique dans le midi de l’Espagne… (París, 1839-1845).English. In the 200th anniversary of the birth of Pierre-Edmond Boissier (1810-1885) we analized his first trip to the south of Spain, made in 1837, the reasons that prompted him to carry out, the information available, the trip itself and the publication of their results in the most outstanding of his works, the Voyage botanique dans le midi de l’Espagne ... (Paris, 1839-1845).

Transnational Habitus and Sociability in the City: Zimbabwean Migrants’ Experiences in Johannesburg, South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khangelani Moyo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Field Research ◽  
The South ◽  
Economic Networks ◽  
Social Field ◽  
Transnational Migrants ◽  
Telephone Calls ◽  
The City

Drawing on field research and a survey of 150 Zimbabwean migrants in Johannesburg, this paper explores the dimensions of migrants’ transnational experiences in the urban space. I discuss the use of communication platforms such as WhatsApp and Facebook as well as other means such as telephone calls in fostering the embedding of transnational migrants within both the Johannesburg and the Zimbabwean socio-economic environments. I engage this migrant-embedding using Bourdieusian concepts of “transnational habitus” and “transnational social field,” which are migration specific variations of Bourdieu’s original concepts of “habitus” and “social field.” In deploying these Bourdieusian conceptual tools, I observe that the dynamics of South–South migration as observed in the Zimbabwean migrants are different to those in the South–North migration streams and it is important to move away from using the same lens in interpreting different realities. For Johannesburg-based migrants to operate within the socio-economic networks produced in South Africa and in Zimbabwe, they need to actively acquire a transnational habitus. I argue that migrants’ cultivation of networks in Johannesburg is instrumental, purposive, and geared towards achieving specific and immediate goals, and latently leads to the development and sustenance of flexible forms of permanency in the transnational urban space.

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