‘Divine right’ or democracy? The Royal Society ‘revolt’ of 1935

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Political Upheaval ◽  
Public Role ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
The Social ◽  
National Economic

In October 1934, several Fellows of the Royal Society submitted a petition critical of the oligarchic nature of the Society's Council and the power wielded by a small elite in the Society's activities. The ‘Royal Society Reform Group’ also voiced concern over the Society's neglect of the increasingly pressing public issue of the ‘social responsibility of science’, and fundamentally questioned the role of the Royal Society as a representative body for science. Against a background of national economic crisis and political upheaval, the reformers sought to ensure that the Royal Society should act as an authoritative public voice for scientists rather than for establishment science. In so doing they raised profound political issues concerning the relationships between the Society, working scientists, other scientific institutions and the wider polity. The Reform Group's campaign culminated in the first contested Council election in living memory in November 1935, when more than half of the Fellowship attended in person to vote. In this paper I explore the activities and changing public role of the Royal Society in the inter-war years, the reformers' campaign, the Royal Society's response and the outcomes of this ‘Revolt in the Royal Society’.

scholarly journals When Mental Walls Lead to Physical Walls: The US-Mexico Border Wall, Art, and Public Conversations about the Social Responsibility of Engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Madison May Macias ◽  
Peter Pohorily ◽  
Jorge Morales Guerrero ◽  
Darshan M.A. Karwat
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Interactive Art ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Art Installation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Us ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
Us Mexico Border

The fact that engineering is involved in highly political issues—from climate change caused by fossil fuel extraction to how we understand truth itself because of deepfakes—makes it imperative that we find new ways to highlight the crucial role that engineers and engineering play in shaping society, and new ways to hold engineers and engineering accountable.  We have designed, built, and installed an interactive art installation called When Mental Walls Lead to Physical Walls to generate public conversation about the social responsibility of engineers and engineering, using the US-Mexico border wall as a case study.  We find that the politically charged nature of the topic might make it difficult for attendees to speak directly to ideas of social responsibility.  At the same time, the installation provides opportunities for attendees to question, critique, and reflect on the effectiveness and impacts of the design of the border wall and the motivations engineers might have in working on this project.  With proper planning and execution, the installation can be used as a research tool to understand how diverse audiences—from engineering students to those who may not have any experience in engineering—understand the role of engineering in society. 

BUSINESS SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: THEORETICAL OVERVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-203
Author(s):  
T.B. Tauyekelova ◽  
◽  
G.O. Abdikerova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Main Issue ◽  
Scientific Theories ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Social ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Theoretical Overview

The main issue discussed in the article is the social responsibility of business. The article provides various definitions of the category of social responsibility. The concept of "social responsibility of business" is a multilevel and complex category. Responsibility includes ethical categories such as morality, duty and charity.The article examines the theoretical aspects of scientific approaches to corporate social responsibility, analyzes classical and modern scientific theories and concepts. The factors influencing the growing importance of corporate social responsibility in society, issues related to the role of business in the formation of a voluntary society are considered.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF ACCOUNTANTS IN IMPLEMENTATION CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AT HOSPITAL Dr. H. MOH. ANWAR SUMENEP DISTRICT

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Syahril Syahril ◽  
Isnani Yuli Andini
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Objective Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
And Control ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Internal accountants has critical leverage to encourage hospitals to be involved in activities such as social or corporate social responsibility.This study aims to examines the role of internal accountants in the implementating of corporate social responsibility at RSUD Moh. Anwar Sumenep District. Research uses descriptive (qualitative) approach to interpret and describe data that obtained from observation, interview and documentation. This research concludes that RSUD Moh. Anwar Sumenep District does not have a clear standard about corporate social responsibility. Its only depends on the willingness of the organization, not an obligation to disclose in hospital financial statements. Internal accountant who is in charge of performing systematic and objective analysis and assessment on the operation and control of company's activities is needed to encourage companies to carry out social responsibility. Researcher suggest that governments needs to increasing their concern toward this issues whether in the form of programs, policies, regulations or awards of the social environment.Keywords: Internal Accountant, Corporate Social Responsibility, Hospital

scholarly journals Peran Pengusaha Perempuan UMKM dan Pola Pengeluaran Rumah Tangga pada Situasi Bencana Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedicta Evie ◽  
Susy Yunia R. Sanie
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Expenditure Patterns ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Role ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Electricity Costs ◽  
The Cost

Women as assets of Indonesia's human resources have a crucial role in disaster management. This research is descriptive using a qualitative approach that photograph the adjustment of women's activities based on their role in the current Covid disaster. The research findings shows the  informant’s perception that Covid-19 is a disaster, and they are worried, so they try to prevent themselves and their family members from being infected by implementing health protocols. They also provide nutritious food and vitamins as well as a variety of food/drink ingredients that are believed to ward off Covid. Increasing domestic role activities are child care and education. Meanwhile, the public role of economy has undergone adjustments, such as working from home, losing customers or jobs. To be able to survive, adjustments to household expenditure patterns were carried out, namely: increasing the cost of kitchen expenditures, and increase in electricity costs and telephone pulses as the implication of all family members are WFH/SFH online. Reduced expenses: spending on clothes / shoes / bags, cosmetics, and recreation. The social role of the public in this Covid situation is to participate in distributing food to the poor.

scholarly journals FRAMING THE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ROLE OF ISLAMIC FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS WITHIN A THREE-SECTOR ECONOMIC MODEL

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-188
Author(s):  
Mohd Nizam Barom
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Welfare Provision ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
The Social ◽  
Islamic Financial Institutions

Purpose: This paper examines and reflects the ongoing debate on the social responsibility role of Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) in the light of the literature in the area of third sector and three-sector economic model. Subsequently, it seeks to develop a framework that can be used to conceptualise the potential interaction between the different sectors in the economy in relation to social welfare issues and locate the social responsibility role of IFIs within this framework.    Methodology: The paper uses an integrative analysis of Islamic finance and third sector literature, particularly on the American and European conceptions of the interactions between the three main sectors in the economy, i.e. public, private and ‘third’ sectors. Results: The paper develops a modified circular flow of income and expenditure model as a basis for the integrative framework for social welfare provision within a three-sector economic model. Subsequently, it locates the social responsibility role of IFIs within this framework with the understanding that social welfare burden is a collective responsibility and therefore shared among the various potential welfare providers in the economy.  Implications: The integrative framework of social welfare provision within a three-sector economic model as conceptualised in this paper highlights a multi-institutional approach towards promoting socio-economic justice and society's well-being in an Islamic economy, and hence provides a proper and reasonable context for social responsibility roles expected of IFIs.

Corporate Social Responsibility in the Bahraini Construction Companies

2016 ◽  
pp. 40-51
Author(s):  
Asma Ayari
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Ethical Business ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Gulf Countries ◽  
International Labor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Corporate Social

The purpose of this study is to give a description of ethical business cultures in Bahraini construction companies. Construction companies in the Middle East are facing charges in terms of exploitation of workers and poor working conditions. The construction sector is one of the most dynamic in Bahrain, and its participation in national GDP is increasing. It is also the most important sector in the creation of jobs. Bahrain, as in the Gulf countries, employs a workforce from India and Asia, one of the lowest in the international labor market. This study analyzes the reality of the CSR in the construction sector and proposes some guidelines for the role of Bahraini stakeholders in the implementation of the social responsibility.

Constitutional Dissonance and the Rule of Law in the Turks and Caicos Islands

2020 ◽  
pp. 581-605
Author(s):  
Peter Clegg ◽  
Derek O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Good Governance ◽  
Bright Light ◽  
British Government ◽  
Checks And Balances ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Turks And Caicos Islands ◽  
Political Upheaval ◽  
Detailed Assessment

The Turks and Caicos Islands, a British Overseas Territory, has witnessed a decade of constitutional and political upheaval; the consequences of which are still being felt. The locally elected government took advantage of its relative constitutional freedom to abuse its position and brought governance in the territory to almost beyond breaking point. The investigations that followed shone a bright light on how the local government operated, the checks and balances that were (or were not) in place, and the role of the British government, which is meant to uphold good governance in the territories. The chapter provides a detailed assessment of the constitutional, legal, and political issues and arguments that were used as the British government tried to correct the deep-seated structural weaknesses present in the TCI, and prosecute individual cases of venality that were uncovered. This case study is important in highlighting how tenuous constitutionality, democracy, and legality can be in small territories.

Social Responsibility and Organisational Commitment in Local Public Administration: The Moderating Role of Organisational Citizenship Behaviour and Social Bonding

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalsoom BeBe ◽  
Wang Bing
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Social Bonding ◽  
Public Employees ◽  
Public Administrators ◽  
Organisational Commitment ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

The commitment of public employees to organisations is an imperative deliberation that affects the efficiency of public services organisations. The objective of this study is to investigate whether the social responsibility among local public administrators raises organisational commitment. This study subsequently explores the moderating role of citizenship behaviour and social bonding (permanent vs temporary employees) of public employees in the relationship between social responsibility and organisational commitment. In this study, empirical data are collected from local officials working in local public administration services organisations in Pakistan (n = 308). The statistical analysis is used to test the relationship between social responsibility and commitment and the moderating effect of citizenship behaviour and social bonding on social responsibility-organisational commitment relationship.The results show that social responsibility is a determinant to organisational commitment and citizenship behaviour and social bonding moderate the social responsibility-commitment relationship. The effect of social responsibility on organisational commitment is stronger in permanent public administrators having high perspective of organisational citizenship behaviours than in temporary public administrators having low perspective of organisational citizenship behaviours. This study contributes to knowledge of the effect of social responsibility on organisational commitment in local public employees and proves that citizenship behaviour and social bonding affect the social responsibility-commitment relationship in local public administrators.

Hospitable universities and integration of refugees: First responses from Austria and Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Kontowski ◽  
Madelaine Leitsberger
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
European Universities ◽  
Public Role ◽  
The Social ◽  
Academic Year

European universities responded in different ways to the ‘refugee crisis’ of 2015. Some subscribed to the agenda of higher education (HE) as a universal human right, while others stressed different long-term benefits of offering access to it. Yet, the unprecedented sense of moral urgency that guided immediate declarations of support and subsequent actions has largely remained unaddressed. With the crisis becoming a new reality for many countries, HE has a role to play in the social inclusion of refugees, even in countries that were not attractive destinations for refugees in the past. In this article, we provide an overview of the reasons why HE institutions supported refugees, and present the results of an empirical study of Poland and Austria during the 2015–2016 academic year. We then evaluate those first responses utilizing parts of Ager and Strang’s framework of integration, and discuss issues of institutional readiness, capabilities and the public role of HE stemming from this comparison. Our findings suggest that reasons such as acknowledgement of basic rights, or utilizing social capital are insufficient to explain and understand strong integrative support measures. We propose that refugee support by HE institutions is both better understood and promoted through the language of hospitality.

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