scholarly journals A research into the elasticity of the living brain and the conditions governing the recovery of the brain after compression for short periods

1895 ◽  
Vol 58 (347-352) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Great Frequency ◽  
Mechanical Pressure ◽  
Brain Substance ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
The Brain

1. Introduction .—This piece of work was undertaken at the suggestion of Professor V. Horsley, who devised the apparatus employed, and to whom I am indebted for advice and suggestions. In view of the great frequency of compression of the brain as a pathological condition, it seems very advisable to attempt to obtain knowledge of some of the elementary factors conditioning the physical changes in the brain substance due to mechanical pressure.

scholarly journals VI. A research into the elasticity of the living brain, and the conditions governing the recovery of the brain after compression for short periods

1894 ◽  
Vol 55 (331-335) ◽  
pp. 275-277
Keyword(s):  
Medical Association ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
British Medical Association ◽  
Great Frequency ◽  
Mechanical Pressure ◽  
Brain Substance ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
The Brain

(Towards the expenses of this research a grant was made by the British Medical Association at the recommendation of the. Scientific Grants Committee.) In view of the great frequency of compression of the brain as a pathological condition, it seems very advisable to attempt to obtain some knowledge of the elementary factors conditioning the physical changes in the brain substance due to mechanical pressure.

Two Cases of Atheroma of the Blood Vessels at the Base of the Brain, with Remarks upon the Symptoms, Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Pathological Condition in that Affection

1870 ◽  
Vol 16 (73) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
J. T. Sabben
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
General Paralysis ◽  
Brain Substance ◽  
The Brain

In publishing the following cases, recently under my charge, of mental derangement dependent upon atheromatous deposit in the coats of the larger cerebral arteries, without any apparent disease of the brain substance, I desire, if possible, to define the symptoms of that condition during life, so as to enable them to be distinguished from those of general paralysis, with which I believe them often to be confused.

“Where is Dementia?” A Systematic Literature Review Exploring Neuroanatomical Aspects of Dementia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (15) ◽  
pp. 9-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chorong Oh ◽  
Leonard LaPointe
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Behavioral Symptoms ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Precise Diagnosis ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Language Literature

Dementia is a condition caused by and associated with separate physical changes in the brain. The signs and symptoms of dementia are very similar across the diverse types, and it is difficult to diagnose the category by behavioral symptoms alone. Diagnostic criteria have relied on a constellation of signs and symptoms, but it is critical to understand the neuroanatomical differences among the dementias for a more precise diagnosis and subsequent management. With this regard, this review aims to explore the neuroanatomical aspects of dementia to better understand the nature of distinctive subtypes, signs, and symptoms. This is a review of English language literature published from 1996 to the present day of peer-reviewed academic and medical journal articles that report on older people with dementia. This review examines typical neuroanatomical aspects of dementia and reinforces the importance of a thorough understanding of the neuroanatomical characteristics of the different types of dementia and the differential diagnosis of them.

Differential diagnosis of spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage in young

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
O. A. Kicherova ◽  
◽  
L. I. Reikhert ◽  
O. N. Bovt ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Intracerebral Hematoma ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Brain Substance ◽  
Secondary All ◽  
Visualization Techniques ◽  
The Brain

In recent years, cerebral vascular diseases have been increasingly detected in young patients. It is due not only to better physicians’ knowledge about this pathology, but also to the improvement of its diagnosis methods. Modern neuroimaging techniques allow us to clarify the nature of hemorrhage, to determine the volume and location of intracerebral hematoma, and to establish the degree of concomitant edema and dislocation of the brain. However, despite the high accuracy of the research, it is not always possible to establish the cause that led to a brain accident, which greatly affects the tactics of management and outcomes in this category of patients. A special feature of the structure of cerebrovascular diseases of young people is the high proportion of hemorrhagic stroke, the causes of which are most often arterio-venous malformations. Meanwhile, there are a number of other causes that can lead to hemorrhage into the brain substance. These include disorders of blood clotting, and various vasculitis, and exposure to toxic substances and drugs, and tumor formations (primary and secondary). All these pathological factors outline the range of diagnostic search in young patients who underwent hemorrhagic stroke. Diagnosis of these pathological conditions with the help of modern visualization techniques is considered to be easy, but this is not always the case. In this article, the authors give their own clinical observation of a hemorrhagic stroke in a young patient, which demonstrates the complexity of the diagnostic search in patients with this pathology.

Meetings of medical societies. Society of Physicians at Kazan University

1927 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-479
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Artificial Damage ◽  
Medical Societies ◽  
Brain Substance ◽  
The Brain

Meeting of February 24Prof. M. N. Cheboksarov: Adrenal lipase, its relation to poisons and clinical significance. The report was printed in issue 3 of "K.M. Journal". In the debate Prof. P.P. Vasiliev pointed out that microscopic examination of the adrenal glands of dead B., mentioned by the reporter, revealed the existence of changes both in the cortical and in the brain substance of them. Proff. С. С. Zimnitskii and P. N. Nikolaev, noting the practical importance and interest of the reporter's work, pointed out that it would be especially interesting to trace the content of adrenal lipase in such diseases as typhoid and typhoid, as well as in animals with artificial damage to their adrenal glands.

Morphology and Origin of the Perivascular Fibers Into the Brain Substance

Angiology ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 771-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Carrato-Ibañez ◽  
F. Abadia-Fenoll
Keyword(s):  
Brain Substance ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Baicalein, Baicalin, and Wogonin: Protective Effects against Ischemia-Induced Neurodegeneration in the Brain and Retina

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Li Pan ◽  
Kin-Sang Cho ◽  
Irvin Yi ◽  
Chi-Ho To ◽  
Dong Feng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Window ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Vascular Occlusion ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi ◽  
Retinal Vascular Occlusion ◽  
Low Cytotoxicity ◽  
The Brain

Ischemia is a common pathological condition present in many neurodegenerative diseases, including ischemic stroke, retinal vascular occlusion, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma, threatening the sight and lives of millions of people globally. Ischemia can trigger excessive oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction, leading to the disruption of tissue homeostasis and, ultimately, cell death. Current therapies are very limited and have a narrow time window for effective treatment. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop more effective therapeutic options for ischemia-induced neural injuries. With emerging reports on the pharmacological properties of natural flavonoids, these compounds present potent antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic agents for the treatment of ischemic insults. Three major active flavonoids, baicalein, baicalin, and wogonin, have been extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (S. baicalensis); all of which are reported to have low cytotoxicity. They have been demonstrated to exert promising pharmacological capabilities in preventing cell and tissue damage. This review focuses on the therapeutic potentials of these flavonoids against ischemia-induced neurotoxicity and damage in the brain and retina. The bioactivity and bioavailability of baicalein, baicalin, and wogonin are also discussed. It is with hope that the therapeutic potential of these flavonoids can be utilized and developed as natural treatments for ischemia-induced injuries of the central nervous system (CNS).

scholarly journals Nanoparticle-Based Technology Approaches to the Management of Neurological Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Ming Sim ◽  
Dinesh Tarini ◽  
S. Thameem Dheen ◽  
Boon Huat Bay ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Drug Bioavailability ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cns Drugs ◽  
Treatment And Diagnosis ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Target Side

Neurological disorders are the most devastating and challenging diseases associated with the central nervous system (CNS). The blood-brain barrier (BBB) maintains homeostasis of the brain and contributes towards the maintenance of a very delicate microenvironment, impairing the transport of many therapeutics into the CNS and making the management of common neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs) and traumatic brain injury (TBI), exceptionally complicated. Nanoparticle (NP) technology offers a platform for the design of tissue-specific drug carrying systems owing to its versatile and modifiable nature. The prospect of being able to design NPs capable of successfully crossing the BBB, and maintaining a high drug bioavailability in neural parenchyma, has spurred much interest in the field of nanomedicine. NPs, which also come in an array of forms including polymeric NPs, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), quantum dots and liposomes, have the flexibility of being conjugated with various macromolecules, such as surfactants to confer the physical or chemical property desired. These nanodelivery strategies represent potential novel and minimally invasive approaches to the treatment and diagnosis of these neurological disorders. Most of the strategies revolve around the ability of the NPs to cross the BBB via various influx mechanisms, such as adsorptive-mediated transcytosis (AMT) and receptor-mediated transcytosis (RMT), targeting specific biomarkers or lesions unique to that pathological condition, thereby ensuring high tissue-specific targeting and minimizing off-target side effects. In this article, insights into common neurological disorders and challenges of delivering CNS drugs due to the presence of BBB is provided, before an in-depth review of nanoparticle-based theranostic strategies.

scholarly journals Abnormalities of the Circle of Willis in Criminals, in relation with Alterations in the Brain and Heart [Anomalie delpoligono arterioso del Willis nei delinquenti in rapporto con alterazioni del cervello e del cuore]. (Arch, di Psychiat., vol. xxii, fasc. 1, 1902.) Parnisetti

1902 ◽  
Vol 48 (202) ◽  
pp. 585-586
Author(s):  
W. C. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Circle Of Willis ◽  
Vascular Anomalies ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Brain Substance ◽  
Heart Lesions ◽  
The Brain

In a series of eighty-seven post-mortem examinations of criminals, the author found that the circle of Willis presented abnormalities of origin, development, or direction in 65.5 per cent. of the cases, the majority (32.18 per cent.) occurring on the left side. In 73.56 per cent. of the cases the weight of the brain was below the average, and the inferiority of weight coincided in 51.72 per cent. of the subjects with the existence of such vascular anomalies. Morbid changes in the vessels, membranes, and brain-substance were unusually abundant The weight of the heart was below the average in 75.86 per cent. of the criminals examined, and in 49.42 per cent. this condition was associated with abnormalities of the circle of Willis. Among the cases with these latter abnormalities heart lesions were particularly frequent.

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