scholarly journals The role of fire in UK peatland and moorland management: the need for informed, unbiased debate

2016 ◽  
Vol 371 (1696) ◽  
pp. 20150342 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Matt Davies ◽  
Nicholas Kettridge ◽  
Cathelijne R. Stoof ◽  
Alan Gray ◽  
Davide Ascoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
Benefits And Costs

Fire has been used for centuries to generate and manage some of the UK's cultural landscapes. Despite its complex role in the ecology of UK peatlands and moorlands, there has been a trend of simplifying the narrative around burning to present it as an only ecologically damaging practice. That fire modifies peatland characteristics at a range of scales is clearly understood. Whether these changes are perceived as positive or negative depends upon how trade-offs are made between ecosystem services and the spatial and temporal scales of concern. Here we explore the complex interactions and trade-offs in peatland fire management, evaluating the benefits and costs of managed fire as they are currently understood. We highlight the need for (i) distinguishing between the impacts of fires occurring with differing severity and frequency, and (ii) improved characterization of ecosystem health that incorporates the response and recovery of peatlands to fire. We also explore how recent research has been contextualized within both scientific publications and the wider media and how this can influence non-specialist perceptions. We emphasize the need for an informed, unbiased debate on fire as an ecological management tool that is separated from other aspects of moorland management and from political and economic opinions. This article is part of the themed issue ‘The interaction of fire and mankind’.

Role of Sm3+ Addition on Humidity Sensing of Nanocrystallite Mg-Cd Ferrites

2013 ◽  
Vol 645 ◽  
pp. 160-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gadkari B. Ashok ◽  
Shinde J. Tukaram ◽  
Vasambekar N. Pramod
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Time ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
Low Humidity ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Humidity Range

Nanocrystallite powders of 5 wt% Sm3+ added Mg-Cd ferrite samples were prepared by oxalate co-precipitation method. XRD, SEM and FT-IR techniques were used for characterization of the samples. The XRD reveals cubic spinel nature with secondary phase (SmFeO3). The crystallite size lies in the range of 28.69 to 32.66 nm. All the Sm3+ ions added samples are humidity sensitive at low humidity range 40 to70 %RH. The electrical resistivity of Sm3+ ions added samples decreased by four orders of magnitude, when %RH increased from 40%RH to 90 %RH. The response and recovery time of all the samples are 160-290 sec. The shorter response time was observed for Sm3+ added Cd ferrite sensor.

scholarly journals Variability and stability of large-scale cortical oscillation patterns

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Cox ◽  
Anna C Schapiro ◽  
Robert Stickgold
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Rhythmic Activity ◽  
Brain Organization ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
And Behavior

AbstractIndividual differences in brain organization exist at many spatial and temporal scales, contributing to the substantial heterogeneity underlying human thought and behavior. Oscillatory neural activity is crucial for these behaviors, but how such rhythms are expressed across the cortex within and across individuals has not been thoroughly characterized. Combining electroencephalography (EEG) with representational similarity and multivariate classification techniques, we provide a systematic characterization of brain-wide activity across frequency bands and oscillatory features during rest and task performance. Results indicate that oscillatory profiles exhibit sizable group-level correspondences, indicating the presence of common templates of oscillatory organization. At the same time, we observed well-defined subject-specific network profiles that were discernible above and beyond the structure shared across individuals. These individualized patterns were sufficiently stable over time to allow successful classification of individuals several months later. Finally, our findings indicate that the network structure of rhythmic activity varies considerably across distinct oscillatory frequencies and features, suggesting the existence of multiple, parallel information processing streams embedded in distributed electrophysiological activity. Together, these findings affirm the richness of spatiotemporal EEG signals and emphasize the utility of multivariate network analyses for understanding the role of brain oscillations in physiology and behavior.

scholarly journals Biological hazard risk studies: a comparative analysis of approaches and the role of insurance

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 344-367
Author(s):  
Sergey Belozyorov ◽  
◽  
Olena Sokolovska ◽  
Anna Faizova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Biological Hazard ◽  
The Impact

The pandemic of the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has a huge impact on the global economy, significantly affecting the functioning of all its sectors. In this regard, the search for ways to minimize the negative consequences of such risks is of particular relevance. The article presents the results of a systematic analysis of scientific publications by leading foreign and Russian authors on various aspects of the risks arising from viral threats, as well as ways to reduce the negative consequences of such risks. In particular, studies that evaluate the impact on the economy of various factors that occur during and after epidemics are examined. The analysis of publications showed that researchers distinguish the following factors: 1) the social system of the state; 2) government expenses on the fight against the epidemic; 3) the role of international organizations in combating epidemics in individual countries. Further, various approaches to the construction of models describing the spread of biological threats reflected in publications of representatives of various scientific fields, in particular medical and economicmathematical, including actuarial, modeling are analyzed. Three approaches to modeling the development of infectious diseases are considered, which differ both in the apparatus used and in the predominant field of application of the corresponding models. Particular attention is paid to the contribution that insurance research can make to the development of new theoretical approaches to mitigate the negative economic consequences of COVID-19. The authors distinguish three areas: 1) the use of actuarial models for the analysis and assessment of the risks of biological threats; 2) the use of relevant insurance products in the insurance market as an epidemic risk management tool that provides financial protection; 3) the use of innovative technologies in rendering insurance services (InsurTech).

scholarly journals Steroidal Anticancer Agents: An Overview of Estradiol-related Compounds

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 652-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Minorics ◽  
Istvan Zupko
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
New Information ◽  
Steroid System ◽  
Endogenous Steroid

Research of steroidal compounds as anticancer agents started almost 50 years ago. During the past decades, several innovative new steroids, like cyproterone, finasteride, estramustin, exemestane and fulvestrant have successfully become a part of routine clinical practice. Meanwhile, a vast amount of new information have accumulated about the functions of the endogenous steroid system (including the characterization of enzymes, receptors, transcription pathways, etc.) and about the role of steroids in carcinogenesis. Therefore, it is regularly required to review the latest published results, focusing on a well-defined part within this research field that has definitely developed into a highly diversified speciality by now. Herein, we make an attempt to summarize the most recent results reported about anticancer agents of estrane backbone, focusing on their mechanisms of action and their structure-activity relationships. Due to the vast number and various accessibilities of scientific publications, neither other reviews nor this one can be considered as absolutely exhaustive. In spite of these restrictive factors, the current review makes a good opportunity to define the recent scientific trends in the field of estradiol-related anticancer agents.

Digital x-ray mapping of nanometer-size supported bimetallic catalysts

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 530-531
Author(s):  
L. T. Germinario
Keyword(s):  
Background Radiation ◽  
Metal Cluster ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Beam Diameter ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Induced Changes

Understanding the role of metal cluster composition in determining catalytic selectivity and activity is of major interest in heterogeneous catalysis. The electron microscope is well established as a powerful tool for ultrastructural and compositional characterization of support and catalyst. Because the spatial resolution of x-ray microanalysis is defined by the smallest beam diameter into which the required number of electrons can be focused, the dedicated STEM with FEG is the instrument of choice. The main sources of errors in energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDS) are: (1) beam-induced changes in specimen composition, (2) specimen drift, (3) instrumental factors which produce background radiation, and (4) basic statistical limitations which result in the detection of a finite number of x-ray photons. Digital beam techniques have been described for supported single-element metal clusters with spatial resolutions of about 10 nm. However, the detection of spurious characteristic x-rays away from catalyst particles produced images requiring several image processing steps.

Confronting the Problems of Professional Sports: A Public Policy Response to Franchise Relocation and Stadium Subsidization

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor F Brinkman
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Professional Sports ◽  
The United States ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Sports Organizations ◽  
Sports Leagues ◽  
Sports Finance ◽  
Sports Venues ◽  
Benefits And Costs

During the past decade, forty-six professional sports venues were constructed in the United States, while only 16 expansion teams were created by the major sports leagues. Nearly two thirds of these newly built stadiums and arenas were funded with public tax revenues, despite substantial evidence showing no positive economic impact of new sports stadium construction on local communities. In reviewing the economic literature, this article investigates the role of professional sports organizations in the construction and public subsidization of new sports venues. Franchise relocation and public stadium subsidization is a direct result of the monopoly power of professional sports leagues, whose franchise owners extract large subsidies from their host communities by threatening to relocate to viable alternative locations. After explaining how the most common methods of stadium subsidization project a disproportionate allocation of the benefits and costs of hosting a professional team to local community interests, this article outlines several considerations for local policymakers who seek to reinvigorate public discussion of equity concerns in professional sports finance.

Consideraciones en torno a la reducción solipsista

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Carolina Petrillo

ResumenEn el presente trabajo se intentará mostrar que la fenomenología no conduce a una postura solipsista. Para ello, se caracterizará en qué consiste el solipsismo. Luego, se intentará refutar a lo que se ha de llamar “solipsismo metafísico” y “solipsismo gnoseológico”, con el objetivo principal de poner de manifiesto el fundamento de motivación para la salida de la ficción solipsista.Palabras claves:Phenomenology – solipsim – empatía - HusserlAbstractWith the aim of showing that phenomenology does not lead in solipsism, I will first attempt a characterization of it. Then, I will attempt a refutation of the so-called “metaphysical” and “epistemological” solipsisms. Finally, the nature and role of Husserl´s solipsistic fiction is examined, and the grounds that motivate the overcoming of this standpoint are disclosed.key wordsFenomenología – solipsismo - empathy – Husserl

ART STUDIOS – A WAY TO DEVELOPE CHILDREN’S IMAGINATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-148
Author(s):  
Liuba Zlatkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Complete Product ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Role Of Parents

The report describes the steps for creating a musical tale by children in the art studios of „Art Workshop“, Shumen. These studios are led by students volunteers related to the arts from pedagogical department of Shumen University, and are realized in time for optional activities in the school where the child studies. The stages of creating a complete product with the help of different arts are traced – from the birth of the idea; the creation of a fairy tale plot by the children; the characterization of the fairy-tale characters; dressing them in movement, song and speech; creating sets and costumes and creating a finished product to present on stage. The role of parents as a link and a necessary helper for children and leaders is also considered, as well as the positive psychological effects that this cooperation creates.

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