Persistent Candida parapsilosis funguria associated with an indwelling urinary tract stent for more than 7 years

Candiduria is an increasingly common condition, and the lack of effective antifungal treatment in many cases has raised great concern. We report a case of persistent Candida parapsilosis funguria associated with urinary tract instrumentation. Molecular typing suggested that during a 7 year period the C. parapsilosis isolates were all the same strain. Prolonged antifungal therapy and regular catheter replacement failed to eradicate the funguria, but improved urinary symptoms and pyuria. The antifungal susceptibility pattern did not significantly change during the clinical course despite repeated exposure to fluconazole.

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Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern of Candida species Isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infections

Annals of Health Research ◽

10.30442/ahr.0704-01-143 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 328-335

Author(s):

IA Lawal ◽

OA Osinupebi ◽

OV Adeosun

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Urinary Tract Infections ◽

Candida Species ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Agar Disc ◽

Sensitivity Pattern ◽

Tract Infections

Background: The presence of Candida species in the urine is termed candiduria, and it is a common form of urinary tract infection (UTI). Many other species of Candida organism apart from Candida albicans are known with increasing the occurrence of resistance to available antifungal agents. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and sensitivity pattern of Candida isolates obtained from urine samples of diagnosed urinary tract infections. Methods: Midstream urine of patients attending the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja Lagos, were collected and inoculated on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). Microbiological processing was done with Gram reaction, germ tube test, CHROME agar TM and sugar fermentation test using API 32C system. Antifungal susceptibility tests were done using the agar disc diffusion method. Results: Candida species were obtained from 36 (12.9%) of 280 patients with UTI. Candida albicans (CA) had the highest frequency (12; 33.3%) compared to 24 (66.7%) for Non-albicans Candida (NAC). The speciation of Candida using Chrome Agar showed some misidentification from the API32C identification, but there was a significant correlation between API32C and Chrome Agar methods (r = 0. 9793). Half of the C. albicans species were sensitive to fluconazole while C. hellenica was only sensitive to Nystatin. The C. parapsilopsis had the highest susceptibility pattern, with 86% and 71% for fluconazole and ketoconazole, respectively. Generally, ketoconazole had the highest effectiveness on Candida species. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the role of Candida species in UTIs and their high susceptibility to ketoconazole.

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Genotypic diversity and antifungal susceptibility pattern of Candida albicans species isolated from hospitalized paediatric patients with urinary tract infection in Iran

Journal of Applied Microbiology ◽

10.1111/jam.15006 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

M. Gharaghani ◽

A. Rezaei‐Matehkolaei ◽

A.K. Hardani ◽

A. Zarei Mahmoudabadi

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility ◽

Genotypic Diversity ◽

Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Paediatric Patients

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Genetic Diagnosis and Prevalence of Urinary Tract Fungal Pathogen with Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern in Iraq

British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research ◽

10.9734/bjmmr/2015/12559 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 410-418

Author(s):

Zaidan Khlaif Imran ◽

Suha Abuad

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Fungal Pathogen ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility ◽

Genetic Diagnosis ◽

Susceptibility Pattern

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A study on the antifungal susceptibility pattern of dermatophytes isolated in a tertiary care hospital

International Journal of Bioassays ◽

10.21746/ijbio.2017.05.003 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (05) ◽

pp. 5379

Author(s):

Vanathi Sabtharishi* ◽

Radhika Katragadda ◽

Thyagarajan Ravinder

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Antifungal Drugs ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Superficial Mycosis ◽

Broth Dilution ◽

Common Infections

Recent years, due to increased usage of antifungal treatment worldwide, there is an increased chance of rising resistance among antifungal drugs too. Dermatophytic infections causes’ superficial mycosis and it affects skin, hair and nail. These infections are more common and antifungal drugs are used everywhere to treat those common infections. To conduct a study by determining the antifungal susceptibility pattern in dermatophytic isolates from patients attending dermatology OPD in a tertiary care hospital. A total of 217 samples like hair, nail and skin scrapings were obtained and isolation of dermatophytes was done. Antifungal susceptibility testing for dermatophytes was performed by micro broth dilution method. Antifungal drugs tested were Griseofulvin, Fluconazole, Itraconazole and Ketoconazole. Minimum inhibitory concentration for each drug for fungal isolates was tested and results studied. Fluconazole showed a higher MIC values in the range of 1-8µg/ml. Itraconazole showed the lowest MIC values by micro broth dilution method. Since there is limitation of standard guidelines and protocol, meticulous research must be conducted on effect of antifungals and derive at universally implementable guidelines.

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A Statewide Assessment of Antifungal Stewardship Activities in Acute-Care Hospitals in Connecticut

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1017/ice.2020.609 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s105-s105

Author(s):

Romina Bromberg ◽

Vivian Leung ◽

Meghan Maloney ◽

Anu Paranandi ◽

David Banach

Keyword(s):

Infectious Diseases ◽

Acute Care ◽

Antifungal Therapy ◽

Antibiotic Stewardship ◽

Susceptibility Testing ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility ◽

Acute Care Hospitals ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility Testing ◽

Antifungal Stewardship ◽

Infectious Diseases Consultation

Background: Morbidity and mortality associated with invasive fungal infections and concerns of emerging antifungal resistance have highlighted the importance of optimizing antifungal therapy among hospitalized patients. Little is known about antifungal stewardship (AFS) practices among acute-care hospitals. We sought to assess AFS activities within Connecticut and to identify opportunities for improvement. Methods: An electronic survey assessing AFS practices was distributed to infectious disease physicians or pharmacy antibiotic stewardship program leaders in Connecticut hospitals. Survey questions evaluated AFS activities based on antibiotic stewardship principles, including several CDC Core Elements. Questions assessed antifungal restriction, prospective audit and feedback practices, antifungal utilization measurements, and the perceived utility of a local or statewide antifungal antibiogram. Results: Responses were received from 15 respondents, which represented 20 of 31 hospitals (65%); these hospitals made up the majority of the acute-care hospitals in Connecticut. Furthermore, 18 of these hospitals (58%) include antifungals in their stewardship programs. Also, 16 hospitals (52%) conduct routine review of antifungal ordering and provide feedback to providers for some antifungals, most commonly for amphotericin B, voriconazole, micafungin, isavuconazole, and flucytosine. All hospitals include guidance on intravenous (IV) to oral (PO) conversions, when appropriate. Only 14 of hospitals (45%) require practitioners to document indication(s) for systemic antifungal use. Most hospitals (17, 55%) provide recommendations for de-escalation of therapy in candidemia, though only 4 (13%) have institutional guidelines for candidemia treatment, and only 11 hospital mandates an infectious diseases consultation for candidemia. Assessing outcomes pertaining to antifungal utilization is uncommon; only 8 hospitals (26%) monitor days of therapy and 5 (16%) monitor antifungal expenditures. Antifungal susceptibility testing on Candida bloodstream isolates is performed routinely at 6 of the hospitals (19%). Most respondents (19, 95%) support developing an antibiogram for Candida bloodstream isolates at the statewide level. Conclusions: Although AFS interventions occur in Connecticut hospitals, there are opportunities for enhancement, such as providing institutional guidelines for candidemia treatment and mandating infectious diseases consultation for candidemia. The Connecticut Department of Public Health implemented statewide Candida bloodstream isolate surveillance in 2019, which includes antifungal susceptibility testing. The creation of a statewide antibiogram for Candida bloodstream infections is underway to support empiric antifungal therapy.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

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Molecular typing of Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infection by ERIC-PCR

Gene Reports ◽

10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101058 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

pp. 101058

Author(s):

Mahsa Movahedi ◽

Omid Zarei ◽

Maryam Hazhirkamal ◽

Pezhman Karami ◽

Leili Shokoohizadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Molecular Typing

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Spectrum and theIn VitroAntifungal Susceptibility Pattern of Yeast Isolates in Ethiopian HIV Patients with Oropharyngeal Candidiasis

International Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2016/3037817 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Birhan Moges ◽

Adane Bitew ◽

Aster Shewaamare

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Agents ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility ◽

Antifungal Drugs ◽

Assay Method ◽

Cryptococcus Laurentii ◽

Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Test Procedures ◽

Disk Diffusion Assay ◽

Diffusion Assay

Background.In Ethiopia, little is known regarding the distribution and thein vitroantifungal susceptibility profile of yeasts.Objective.This study was undertaken to determine the spectrum and thein vitroantifungal susceptibility pattern of yeasts isolated from HIV infected patients with OPC.Method.Oral pharyngeal swabs taken from oral lesions of study subjects were inoculated onto Sabouraud Dextrose Agar. Yeasts were identified by employing conventional test procedures and the susceptibility of yeasts to antifungal agents was evaluated by disk diffusion assay method.Result.One hundred and fifty-five yeast isolates were recovered of which 91 isolates were from patients that were not under HAART and 64 were from patients that were under HAART.C. albicanswas the most frequently isolated species followed byC. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. krusei, C. kefyr, Cryptococcus laurentii, and Rhodotorulaspecies. Irrespective of yeasts isolated and identified, 5.8%, 5.8%, 12.3%, 8.4%, 0.6%, and 1.3% of the isolates were resistant to amphotericin B, clotrimazole, fluconazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, and nystatin, respectively.Conclusion.Yeast colonization rate of 69.2% and 31% resistance to six antifungal agents was documented. These highlight the need for nationwide study on the epidemiology of OPC and resistance to antifungal drugs.

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AN OUTBREAK OF URINARY TRACT AND OTHER INFECTIONS DUE TO E. COLI

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.33.6.865 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 33 (6) ◽

pp. 865-871

Author(s):

Avron Y. Sweet ◽

Emanuel Wolinsky

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Premature Infant ◽

Fatal Case ◽

Polymyxin B ◽

Susceptibility Pattern ◽

E Coli ◽

Stool Cultures

In a premature infant nursery 3 infants died of E. coli infections and 5 babies contracted urinary tract infection due to E. coli within a 5-month period. The causative organisms were found to be resistant to tetracycline, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and sulfisoxazole, and sensitive to kanamycin, polymyxin B, and nitrofurantoin. From throat and stool cultures of 25 infants in the nursery, E. coli with this susceptibility pattern were recovered from 13. Of these, 9 were serotype 04:H5 and one was group 04 but nonmotile. Isolates from the urine of 3 infants with urinary tract infection and meninges of one fatal case were serotype 04:H5. Stool cultures revealed group 04 E. coli only in infants with that organism in the throat. The findings indicate that an outbreak of infections due to E. coli 04:H5 had occurred as a consequence of widespread colonization with that organism in a premature infant nursery. The unusual incidence of urinary tract infection due to a specific E. coli serotype indicates that urosepsis in the newborn can occur in epidemic form.

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