scholarly journals Dietary Available Phosphorus Affected Growth Performance, Body Composition, and Hepatic Antioxidant Property of Juvenile Yellow CatfishPelteobagrus fulvidraco

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Tang ◽  
Chunfang Wang ◽  
Congxin Xie ◽  
Jiali Jin ◽  
Yanqing Huang
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Available P ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Body Lipid ◽  
Yellow Catfish ◽  
P Content ◽  
P Utilization

An 8-week feeding trial was carried out with juvenile yellow catfish to study the effects of dietary available phosphorus (P) on growth performance, body composition, and hepatic antioxidant property. Six pellet diets were formulated to contain graded available P levels at 0.33, 0.56, 0.81, 1.15, 1.31, and 1.57% of dry matter, respectively. Triplicate tanks with each tank containing 60 juveniles (3.09 ± 0.03 g) were fed one of the six experimental diets for 8 weeks. Specific growth rate, feeding rate, and protein efficiency ratio were significantly higher at 0.81% dietary available P. Efficiency of P utilization distinctly decreased with increasing P level. Body lipid content significantly decreased while body ash and feces P content significantly increased with increasing P level. Quadratic regression analysis indicated that vertebrae P content was maximized at 1.21% dietary available P. Fish fed 1.57% dietary available P had highest activity of hepatic superoxide dismutase and catalase and malonaldehyde content. In conclusion, decreasing dietary available P increased P utilization efficiency and body lipid content while decreased vertebrae P content. Juvenile yellow catfish were subjected to oxidative damage under the condition of high dietary P content (1.57%), and the damage could not be eradicated by their own antioxidant defense system.

scholarly journals Dietary l-carnitine supplementation increases lipid deposition in the liver and muscle of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) through changes in lipid metabolism

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 698-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Lang Zheng ◽  
Zhi Luo ◽  
Mei-Qing Zhuo ◽  
Ya-Xiong Pan ◽  
Yu-Feng Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Pelteobagrus Fulvidraco ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Carnitine Supplementation ◽  
Body Lipid ◽  
Yellow Catfish ◽  
Down Regulation

Carnitine has been reported to improve growth performance and reduce body lipid content in fish. Thus, we hypothesised that carnitine supplementation can improve growth performance and reduce lipid content in the liver and muscle of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco), a commonly cultured freshwater fish in inland China, and tested this hypothesis in the present study. Diets containing l-carnitine at three different concentrations of 47 mg/kg (control, without extra carnitine addition), 331 mg/kg (low carnitine) and 3495 mg/kg (high carnitine) diet were fed to yellow catfish for 8 weeks. The low-carnitine diet significantly improved weight gain (WG) and reduced the feed conversion ratio (FCR). In contrast, the high-carnitine diet did not affect WG and FCR. Compared with the control diet, the low-carnitine and high-carnitine diets increased lipid and carnitine contents in the liver and muscle. The increased lipid content in the liver could be attributed to the up-regulation of the mRNA levels of SREBP, PPARγ, fatty acid synthase (FAS) and ACCa and the increased activities of lipogenic enzymes (such as FAS, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme) and to the down-regulation of the mRNA levels of the lipolytic gene CPT1A. The increased lipid content in muscle could be attributed to the down-regulation of the mRNA levels of the lipolytic genes CPT1A and ATGL and the increased activity of lipoprotein lipase. In conclusion, in contrast to our hypothesis, dietary carnitine supplementation increased body lipid content in yellow catfish.

Effect of Soil Available Phosphorus Levels on Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) - Rhizobia Symbiotic Association

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadraji Ahmed ◽  
Bouhadi Mohamed ◽  
Ghoulam Cherk
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Available P ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Content ◽  
Nodule Biomass ◽  
Soil Available P

Background: Growing chickpea (Cicer arietinum) plants is affected by several environmental constraints as osmotic stress and nutrients deficiency particularly phosphorus (P). For other legume species, it was confirmed that P deficiency affects negatively their rhizobial symbiosis. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of soil available P level on chickpea-rhizobia symbiosis under field conditions at Oualidia region of Morocco. Methods: Ten farmers’ fields with different soil available P levels were considered to carry out this study based on samples of 10 plants per plot. Result: The results showed that the plants from soil 7, with the lowest pH and the highest available P level (23.52ppm), presented high shoot dry weight (38.3 g/plant). Meanwhile the soil 5 with the lowest available P content showed low plant growth. The shoot P content was positively linked to soil P level but nodule biomass showed an irregular variation with soil available P level. Furthermore, it was confirmed that adequate plant P nutrition results in high chickpea yield and it was the case for plants from soil 7 presenting a mean yield of 62 seeds per plant). Finally, strong correlation was noted between yield and phosphorus concentration in soil (r=0.94).

INORGANIC PHOSPHORUS FORMS IN SOME ALBERTA SOILS AS RELATED TO SOIL DEVELOPMENT, PARENT MATERIAL AND AVAILABLE PHOSPHORUS

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Alexander ◽  
J. A. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Development ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Available P ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Phosphorus Forms ◽  
P Content ◽  
Close Relationship

Inorganic P forms in 18 profiles representing five great groups of Alberta soils were determined by the modified Chang and Jackson procedure. Ca-P is dominant in the Chernozemic Brown and Black soils and in the C horizons containing CaCO3, while Fe-P and Al-P or Occl-P are the main forms in the Podzolic soils. Three series high in available P contain appreciable amounts of Al-P and Fe-P in their surface horizons. The organic P content is relatively high in the soils exhibiting the least pedogenic development.With increasing degree of soil development, Fe-P and Occl-P tend to increase. However, parent materials have a marked influence on the distribution of inorganic P forms and a close relationship between soil development and distribution of inorganic P forms does not appear to exist in these soils. The Al-P and Fe-P forms seem to be the major sources of available P in the soils studied.

Growth performance and whole-body composition of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidracoRichardson) under feeding restriction

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.F. Dong ◽  
Y.O. Yang ◽  
F. Yao ◽  
L. Chen ◽  
D.D. Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Yellow Catfish

Effects of Freezing and Thawing on Soil Phosphorus of Protective Farmland

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 1309-1313
Author(s):  
Yun Jiang Liang ◽  
Min Jie Fu ◽  
Huan Liu ◽  
Guang Bo Xu
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Available P ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Thaw Cycle ◽  
P Content ◽  
Low Strength

Freezing and thawing of soil is an abiotic stress, and has direct effect on chemical properties, physical properties and biological properties. In order to research effect of freezing and thawing on soil chemical properties, experiments of freeze-thaw cycle were simulated, and different forms phosphorus was measured. Results show that freezing and thawing made water-soluble and loosely combined phosphorus content decrease, but made calcium P content increase. Low-strength freezing and thawing cycle made aluminum P content increase, but made iron P content decrease. To soil of low accumulation phosphorus, low-strength freezing and thawing made occluded P content decrease and be released, but high-strength freezing and thawing made occluded P content increase. Inorganic phosphorus content had an ascending trend with enhancing of freezing and thawing, but organic phosphorus content had a descending trend. Under low-strength freezing and thawing, available P content of soil of low accumulation phosphorus had an ascending trend, and available P content of soil of high accumulation phosphorus had a descending trend, but available phosphorus content had no great changes when strength of freezing and thawing continued to increase.

Development of two methods to estimate body composition of bears

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean D. Farley ◽  
Charles T. Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Body Lipid ◽  
Brown Bears ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Water Dilution ◽  
Isotopic Water

The measurement of body composition in black bears (Ursus americanus), brown bears (U. arctos), and polar bears (U. maritimus) was investigated by means of isotopic water dilution and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The basic relationships between body lipid, water, protein, and ash were determined by direct chemical measurement of 13 black and 6 brown bears. Body water and lipid content as a percentage are highly correlated (r2 = 0.98, standard error of the estimate (SEE) = 1.1%) and inversely proportional. The dry, lipid-free mass averaged 83.5 ± 1.6% protein and 16.5 ± 1.6% ash. Either isotopic water dilution or BIA can be used to estimate body lipid content of healthy, uninjured bears (r2 = 0.93, SEE = 2.7% and r2 = 0.96, SEE = 2.2%, respectively). Isotopic water equilibrated with body water by 150 min. Abscesses and recent injuries (i.e., gunshot or snare wounds) produced erroneous body composition estimates when BIA was used, but only when the injury was in the conductor path between the BIA electrodes. Dilution estimates were not affected by injuries. Currently, neither method can be used on dead bears.

scholarly journals Low-Lipid Diets Fed at Reduced Ration: Effects on Growth, Body Composition, and Survival of Juvenile Chinook Salmon

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 500-508
Author(s):  
Karen M. Cogliati ◽  
Julia R. Unrein ◽  
Wendy M. Sealey ◽  
Frederic T. Barrows ◽  
Olivia Hakanson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Lipid ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
Lipid Diet

Abstract There is a growing demand within research and conservation hatcheries to rear fish that more closely approximate the smaller size and leaner body composition of their wild counterparts. Low-lipid diets may help achieve this goal as they can provide all the nutritional needs of young fish and can lead to slower growth and leaner bodies. We compared growth of Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha fed three experimental low-lipid diets (11–12, 8–9, 4–6% lipid) at the onset of feeding with a commercially available high-lipid diet (18–20%) and an experimentally formulated high-lipid control (13.9% lipid). After 5 mo on their respective treatments, the size, growth rate, and daily growth index of fish on the commercial diet were significantly higher than those on the three low-lipid diets. We also compared whole-body lipid content across our five diet treatments. Whole-body lipid content was significantly different across the five diets, with fish fed the commercial diet having, on average, an almost twofold higher lipid content over fish fed the lowest lipid diet formulation. We present comparable data from a limited sample of wild juvenile conspecifics as observations. We suggest that low-lipid starter diets can be used to produce healthy fish that more likely emulate some of the variations in size and body composition of wild fish.

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