scholarly journals Age, sex, and puberty related development of the corpus callosum: a multi-technique diffusion MRI study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sila Genc ◽  
Charles B Malpas ◽  
Gareth Ball ◽  
Timothy J Silk ◽  
Marc L Seal
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Fibre Density ◽  
The Impact

AbstractPurposeThe corpus callosum is integral to the central nervous system, and continually develops with age by virtue of increasing axon diameter and ongoing myelination. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques offer a means to disentangle these two aspects of white matter development. We investigate the profile of microstructural metrics across the corpus callosum, and assess the impact of age, sex and pubertal development on these processes.MethodsThis study made use of two independent paediatric populations. Multi-shell diffusion MRI data were analysed to produce a suite of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), neurite orientation density and dispersion imaging (NODDI), and apparent fibre density (AFD) metrics. A multivariate profile analysis was performed for each diffusion metric across 10 subdivisions of the corpus callosum.ResultsAll diffusion metrics significantly varied across the length of the corpus callosum. AFD exhibited a strong relationship with age across the corpus callosum (partial η2 = .65), particularly in the posterior body of the corpus callosum (partial η2 = .72). In addition, females had significantly higher AFD compared with males, most markedly in the anterior splenium (partial η2 = .14) and posterior genu (partial η2 = .13). Age-matched pubertal group differences were localised to the splenium.ConclusionWe present evidence of a strong relationship between apparent fibre density and age, sex, and puberty during development. These results are consistent with ex vivo studies of fibre morphology, providing insights into the dynamics of axonal development in childhood and adolescence using diffusion MRI.Target journalsBrain Structure & Function; HBM; NeuroImage; Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

scholarly journals Whole-brain ex-vivo quantitative MRI of the cuprizone mouse

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias C Wood ◽  
Camilla Simmons ◽  
Samuel A Hurley ◽  
Anthony C Vernon ◽  
Joel Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Small Region ◽  
Quantitative Mri ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Quantitative Mr ◽  
Multiple Regions

Myelin is a critical component of the nervous system and a major contributor to contrast in Magnetic Resonance (MR) images. However the precise contribution of myelination to multiple MR modalities is still under debate. The cuprizone mouse is a well established model of demyelination that has been used in several MR studies, but these have often imaged only a single slice and analysed a small region of interest in the corpus callosum. We imaged and analyzed the whole brain of the cuprizone mouse ex-vivo using high-resolution quantitative MR methods (multi-component DESPOT, Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tensor Based Morphometry) and found changes in multiple regions, including the corpus callosum, cerebellum, thalamus and hippocampus. However the presence of inflammation, confirmed with histology, presents difficulties in isolating the sensitivity and specificity of these MR methods to demyelination using this model.

White matter alterations at pubertal onset

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sila Genc ◽  
Marc L Seal ◽  
Thijs Dhollander ◽  
Charles B Malpas ◽  
Philip Hazell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
B Value ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Pubertal Stage ◽  
Fibre Density ◽  
Pubertal Onset ◽  
Post Hoc

Recent neurodevelopmental research supports the contribution of pubertal stage to local and global grey and white matter remodelling. Little is known, however, about white matter microstructural alterations at pubertal onset. This study investigated differences in white matter properties between pre-pubertal and pubertal children using whole brain fixel-based analysis (FBA) of the microscopic density and macroscopic cross-section of fibre bundles. Diffusion-weighted imaging data were acquired for 74 typically developing children (M=10.4, SD=0.43 years, 31 female) at 3.0T (60 diffusion gradient directions, b-value=2800 s/mm 2 ). Group comparisons of fibre density (FD) and fibre cross-section (FC) were made between age-matched pre-pubertal and pubertal groups, and post-hoc analyses were performed on regions of interest (ROIs) defined in the splenium, body and genu of the corpus callosum. Significant fixel-wise differences in FD were observed between the pubertal groups, where the pubertal group had significantly higher FD compared with age-matched pre-pubertal children, localised to the posterior corpus callosum. Post-hoc analyses on mean FD in the corpus callosum ROIs revealed group differences between the pubertal groups in the splenium, but not body or genu. The observed higher apparent fibre density in the splenium suggests that pubertal onset coincides with white matter differences explained by increasing axon diameter. This may be an important effect to account for over pubertal development, particularly for group studies where age-matched clinical and typical populations may be at various stages of puberty.

scholarly journals In vivo and ex vivo diffusion tensor imaging of cuprizone-induced demyelination in the mouse corpus callosum

2011 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 750-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangyang Zhang ◽  
Melina V. Jones ◽  
Michael T. McMahon ◽  
Susumu Mori ◽  
Peter A. Calabresi
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Ex Vivo

scholarly journals The impact of susceptibility correction on diffusion metrics in adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katri Lahti ◽  
◽  
Riitta Parkkola ◽  
Päivi Jääsaari ◽  
Leena Haataja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Fractional Anisotropy ◽  
Corticospinal Tract ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Brain White Matter ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Diffusion tensor imaging is a widely used imaging method of brain white matter, but it is prone to imaging artifacts. The data corrections can affect the measured values. Objective To explore the impact of susceptibility correction on diffusion metrics. Materials and methods A cohort of 27 healthy adolescents (18 boys, 9 girls, mean age 12.7 years) underwent 3-T MRI, and we collected two diffusion data sets (anterior–posterior). The data were processed both with and without susceptibility artifact correction. We derived fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity and histogram data of fiber length distribution from both the corrected and uncorrected data, which were collected from the corpus callosum, corticospinal tract and cingulum bilaterally. Results Fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity values significantly differed when comparing the pathways in all measured tracts. The fractional anisotropy values were lower and the mean diffusivity values higher in the susceptibility-corrected data than in the uncorrected data. We found a significant difference in total tract length in the corpus callosum and the corticospinal tract. Conclusion This study indicates that susceptibility correction has a significant effect on measured fractional anisotropy, and on mean diffusivity values and tract lengths. To receive reliable and comparable results, the correction should be used systematically.

scholarly journals Preliminary evidence that maternal immune activation specifically increases diagonal domain volume in the rat brain during early postnatal development

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias C. Wood ◽  
Michelle E. Edye ◽  
Michael K. Harte ◽  
Joanna C. Neill ◽  
Eric P. Prinssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Poly I:C ◽  
Maternal Immune Activation ◽  
The Impact

AbstractMaternal immune activation (MIA) is consistently associated with elevated risk for multiple psychiatric disorders in the affected offspring. Related to this, an important goal of our work is to explore the impact of MIA effects across the lifespan. In this context, we recently reported the effects of poly (I:C)-induced MIA at gestational day (GD)15, immediately prior to birth, at GD21 and again at post-natal day (PD)21, providing a systematic assessment of plasma IL-6, body temperature and weight alterations in pregnant rats following poly (I:C) exposure and preliminary evidence for gross morphological changes and microglial neuropathology in both male and female offspring at GD21 and PD21. Here, we sought to complement and extend these data by characterising in more detail the meso-scale impact of gestational poly (I:C) exposure at GD15 on the neuroanatomy of the juvenile (PD21) rat brain using high-resolution, ex vivo anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in combination with atlas-based segmentation. Our preliminary data suggest subtle neuroanatomical effects of gestational poly (I:C) exposure (n=10) relative to saline controls (n=10) at this time-point. Specifically, we report here preliminary evidence for a significant increase in the relative volume of the diagonal domain in poly (I:C) offspring (p<0.01; q<0.1), particularly in female offspring. This occurred in the absence of any microstructural alterations as detectable using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Longitudinal in vivo studies, informed by the effect sizes from this dataset are now required to establish both the functional relevance and cellular mechanisms of the apparent DD volume increase.

scholarly journals Long-term development of white matter fibre density and morphology up to 13 years after preterm birth

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire E Kelly ◽  
Deanne K Thompson ◽  
Sila Genc ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Joseph YM Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Fibre Tract ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Risk ◽  
Fibre Density ◽  
Individual Fibre

AbstractBackgroundIt is well documented that infants born very preterm (VP) are at risk of brain injury and altered brain development in the neonatal period, however there is a lack of long-term, longitudinal studies on the effects of VP birth on white matter development over childhood. Most previous studies were based on voxel-averaged, non-fibre-specific diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures, such as fractional anisotropy. In contrast, the novel diffusion MRI analysis framework, fixel-based analysis (FBA), enables whole-brain analysis of microstructural and macrostructural properties of individual fibre populations at a sub-voxel level. We applied FBA to investigate the long-term implications of VP birth and associated perinatal risk factors on fibre development in childhood and adolescence.MethodsDiffusion images were acquired for a cohort of VP (born <30 weeks’ gestation) and full-term (FT, ≥37 weeks’ gestation) children at two ages: mean (SD) 7.6 (0.2) years (n=138 VP and 32 FT children) and 13.3 (0.4) years (n=130 VP and 45 FT children). 103 VP and 21 FT children had images at both ages for longitudinal analysis. At every fixel (individual fibre population within an image voxel) across the white matter, we compared FBA metrics (fibre density (FD), cross-section (FC) and a combination of these properties (FDC)) between VP and FT groups cross-sectionally at each age, and longitudinally between ages. We also examined associations between perinatal risk factors and FBA metrics in the VP group.ResultsCompared with FT children, VP children had lower FD, FC and FDC throughout the white matter, particularly in the corpus callosum, tapetum, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, fornix and cingulum at ages 7 and 13 years, as well as the motor pathways at age 13 years. VP children also had slower FDC development in the corpus callosum and corticospinal tract between ages 7 and 13 years compared with FT children. Within VP children, earlier gestational age at birth, lower birth weight z-score, and neonatal brain abnormalities were associated with lower FD, FC and FDC throughout the white matter at both ages.ConclusionsVP birth and concomitant perinatal risk factors are associated with fibre tract-specific alterations to axonal development in childhood and adolescence.

scholarly journals Probabilistic Assessment of Nerve Regeneration with Diffusion MRI in Rat Models of Peripheral Nerve Trauma

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac V. Manzanera Esteve ◽  
Angel F. Farinas ◽  
Alonda C. Pollins ◽  
Marlieke E. Nussenbaum ◽  
Nancy L. Cardwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Behavioral Data ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Post Surgery

AbstractNerve regeneration after injury must occur in a timely fashion to restore function. Unfortunately, current methods (e.g., electrophysiology) provide limited information following trauma, resulting in delayed management and suboptimal outcomes. Herein, we evaluated the ability of diffusion MRI to monitor nerve regeneration after injury/repair. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three treatment groups (sham = 21, crush = 23, cut/repair = 19) and ex vivo diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) was performed 1–12 weeks post-surgery. Behavioral data showed a distinction between crush and cut/repair nerves at 4 weeks. This was consistent with DTI, which found that thresholds based on the ratio of radial and axial diffusivities (RD/AD = 0.40 ± 0.02) and fractional anisotropy (FA = 0.53 ± 0.01) differentiated crush from cut/repair injuries. By the 12th week, cut/repair nerves whose behavioral data indicated a partial recovery were below the RD/AD threshold (and above the FA threshold), while nerves that did not recover were on the opposite side of each threshold. Additional morphometric analysis indicated that DTI-derived normalized scalar indices report on axon density (RD/AD: r = −0.54, p < 1e-3; FA: r = 0.56, p < 1e-3). Interestingly, higher-order DKI analyses did not improve our ability classify recovery. These findings suggest that DTI may provide promising biomarkers for distinguishing successful/unsuccessful nerve repairs and potentially identify cases that require reoperation.

scholarly journals Multishell Diffusion MRI Reflects Improved Physical Fitness Induced by Dance Intervention

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Alzbeta Sejnoha Minsterova ◽  
Patricia Klobusiakova ◽  
Sylvie Kropacova ◽  
Lubomira Novakova ◽  
Lubos Brabenec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Fitness Measures ◽  
Probabilistic Tracking ◽  
Neural Underpinnings ◽  
Dance Intervention ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Using multishell diffusion MRI and both tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) and probabilistic tracking of specific tracts of interest, we evaluated the neural underpinnings of the impact of a six-month dance intervention (DI) on physical fitness and cognitive outcomes in nondemented seniors. The final cohort had 76 nondemented seniors, randomized into DI and control (life as usual) groups. Significant effects were observed between the DI and control groups in physical fitness measures and in attention. We detected associations between improved physical fitness and changes in diffusion tensor imagining (DTI) measures in the whole white matter (WM) skeleton and in the corticospinal tract and the superior longitudinal fascicle despite the fact that no significant differences in changes to the WM microstructure were found between the two groups.

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